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Topic: Fram ship

	Fram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fram ("Forward") was a ship used in expeditions in the Arctic and Antarctic regions by the Norwegian explorers Fridtjof Nansen, Otto Sverdrup, Oscar Wisting, and Roald Amundsen between 1893 and 1912.
		Fram is said to be the wooden ship to have sailed farthest north and farthest south.
		Fram Strait, a passage from the Arctic Ocean to the Greenland Sea and Norwegian Sea, between Greenland and Spitsbergen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fram (635 words)

	Fram was a ship ship used in expeditions in the...
		Fram was a ship ship used in expeditions in the...
		"Fram" was a ship ship used in expeditions in the Arctic Arctic and Antarctic Antarctic regions by Norwegian explorers 1893 1893–1912 1912.
		The ship was built with a wood called "greenheart greenheart" as the outer layer to withstand the ice, and built almost without a keel keel to handle the shallow waters Nansen thought he would encounter.
	www.biodatabase.de /Fram (322 words)

	Images of Antarctica
		The Fram is one of the most famous ships in the world, and is certainly the strongest wooden ship ever built.
		The Fram was built per his direction for the purpose of researching the currents in the Arctic Ocean.
		In his old age, Sverdrup was the main chiefly responsible for preservation of the Fram, and as a consequence the ship was restored to look as it did during his expedition.
	www.sethwhite.org /fram.htm (3996 words)

	Fram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Fram was a ship used in expeditions in the Arctic and Antarctic regions by Norwegian explorers 1893—1912.
		Fram was probably the strongest wooden ship ever built; it was built by the British shipwright Colin Archer for Fridtjof Nansen's 1893 expedition where Nansen planned to let Fram freeze into the Arctic ice sheet and float through the ice sheet, via the North Pole.
		Nansen's idea was to build a ship so strong it could survive the pressure, not only by its strength, but also because it would be in a shape designed to let the ice push the ship up, so it would "float" on top of the ice.
	www.other-waters.com /content/view/39/2 (506 words)

	The Polarship FRAM.
		The purpose of the design was to enable the ship to rise on top of the ice as it is pressed against her sides, and thus avoid being crushed.
		On the 22 September 1894 in the vicinity of the New Siberian Islands FRAM was forced to a final halt and was caught in the ice.
		FRAM left the Barrier on 15 February, to sail as far south as possible, thus becoming the ship that had reached both farthest south and farthest north.
	www.fram.nl /faq/name/polarship.htm (3047 words)

	Odin - The polar vessel "Fram" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		As an extra protection, the ship was rein-forced with sheets of metal fore and aft, and had a rudder and propellers that could be raised.
		For four years, from 1898 to 1902, the "Fram" lay at anchor in various fjords in Ellesmere Island, serving as a base for expeditions by sled into the unknown areas to the west and north.
		To commemorate the first journey of "Fram", a five kroner coin and a commemorative medal in silver were struck by the Royal Norwegian Mint in conjunction with the 60th anniversary of the museum.
	odin.dep.no /.../norway/history/032005-990503/index-dok000-b-n-a.html (1437 words)

	History of geology--Nansen
		Nansen, Fram and crew were eventually reunited and returned to Christiania in 1896 to a hero's welcome.
		The ship became frozen in north of the New Siberian Islands at 78°N latitude in late September.
		Meanwhile, the Fram drifted as far north as 85°57' and eventually was released from the pack ice.
	academic.emporia.edu /aberjame/histgeol/nansen/nansen.htm (1803 words)

	Fridtjof Nansen
		With financial support of the Norwegian government he built a round-bottomed ship called “Fram” (“Forward”) which was designed to be able to stand the ice pressure.
		In 1908 thanks to the scientific observations made during the Fram expedition Nansen was appointed head of a newly created oceanography faculty in the University of Oslo.
		That was an extremely difficult task because of chaos accompanying the Russian revolution and the decision of the Soviet government not to recognize the League of Nations.
	armenianhouse.org /nansen/nansen-en.html (1682 words)

	The Polar Vessel Fram
		To design such a ship he approached Colin Archer's shipbuilding yard in Larvik, which was known throughout Norway for the quality of its pilot and rescue vessels.
		The ribs were hewn out of stout logs and strengthened to withstand pressure from the ice, the 70-centimeter thick sides of the vessel were given three shells, the two innermost of oak and the outermost of greenheart.
		As an extra protection, the ship was reinforced with sheets of metal fore and aft, and had a rudder and propellers that could be raised.
	www.hpl.umces.edu /oaii/fram.html (1418 words)

	Whatever Happened?
		FRAM I. Decommissioned 12-20-75 and stricken on 1-30-76.
		887) on 10-1-73 as a Res Trng Ship at Tacoma, WA.
		806) as a Res Trng Ship in Portland, OR.
	members.cox.net /cpopina/whathapp.htm (5200 words)

	Ship Types
		Please keep in mind that FRAM was a confusing program in that the installation was not only different per class of ships, but that installation (FRAM MK I) or modernization (FRAM MK II) could be different within a specific class as well.
		These ships were to form groups for the purpose of long and short-range interception of submarines before they could attack convoys.
		GHHF is dedicated to the advancement of the education and preservation of the history of the Ships, the Men and the Company that built, operated and flew the U.S. Navy's QH-50 Drone Anti-Submarine Helicopter (DASH) System and to the preservation of the history of the U.S. Army's past and continued use of DASH.
	www.gyrodynehelicopters.com /ship_types.htm (1125 words)

	All Wood Wings: DD-710 Gearing Class Destroyers, DD-710 USS Gearing - quality ship models crafted from wood
		FRAM was not a simple process as it involved reconstruction of three different classes of destroyers, three different classes of Destroyer Escorts, and the Destroyer Tenders that would keep those destroyers and destroyer escorts armed and supplied.
		Occurring in the late-1950s to mid-1960s, the rebuilding of the ships was not only different per class of ships, but the installation (known as FRAM 1) or just a modernization of the ship (known as FRAM 2) could be different within a specific class as well.
		FRAM 1: Developed primarily for the Gearing class, it was a complete reconstruction of the ship that extended the life of a destroyer by 8 years and was much more than FRAM 2.
	allwoodwings.com /Ships/Military/Destroyers/DD-710,Gearing,Class.htm (1137 words)

	Beautiful Gorham Sterling Souvenir Spoon - BOT-378
		The Fram, with a company of thirteen men, left Vardo, Norway, July 21, 1893, and proceeded eastward through the Kara Sea, rounded Cape Severo, and on September 15th was off the mouth of the Olenek River.
		From this point they began drifting with the ice in a northerly and northwesterly direction, according to the plan laid out by Nansen, whereby he hoped to drift near or over the pole, as was supposed to have been the process by which the effects of the Jeannette expedition reached the eastern coast of Greenland.
		During the Fram's voyage, soundings from the north of the New Siberia Islands to the north of Spitzbergen showed the minimum depth to be one thousand six hundred fathoms and maximum two thousand fathoms, which upsets all theories as to a shallow polar basin in the European Arctic Ocean.
	www.rubylane.com /shops/hillandhill/item/BOT-378 (1544 words)

	Chessler Books
		Though no beauty in the traditional sense, the 'Fram' a squat vessel of enormous strength, was admirably suited to her purpose.
		But the tiny, 400-ton ship stood the test, resisted the encroaching ice, and was a snug and secure home for Nansen and his crew.
		The 'Fram' did not appear to be drifting as close to the North Pole as he had hoped.
	www.chesslerbooks.com /eCart/viewItem.asp?idProduct=2417 (1206 words)

	Frammuseet in Norway
		Frammuseet is a polargeek's dream: 3 floors of polar paraphernalia from Nansen, Sverdrup and Amundsen that surround the ship herself.
		The gangplank to board the ship (you get to board the ship!) is on the third floor, and once aboard nearly everything is accessible.
		There are artifacts from all three expeditions on display in the ship, including Bjaaland's tent and a sledge and skis from the South Pole journey.
	www.framheim.com /frammuseet.htm (347 words)

	Homepage - Norsk Flerskrog Seilklubb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Fritjof Nansen (1861-1930) is the most revered of Norway's polar explorers, his exploits amazed a generation and set the most enduring example of how to pursue science, to travel, and to survive in the Arctic.
		The Arctic Ocean region was unexplored when Nansen devised his (much criticized) theory that it was an ocean, with ice that was not fixed, but drifting; and that an expedition by ship might be able to lock itself into the ice on one side and drift across the Pole, emerging somewhere else.
		Nansen managed to build, equip, and crew a ship - the Fram ('Onward') - which proved excellent for the task.
	www.flerskrog.org /HobieCat/Eng_Nansen.htm (1038 words)

	HolidayCity Flash Travel Article - Seafaring Legacy of Norway at the Bygdøy Peninsula
		This was proof, at least, that the ship would have been seaworthy enough to allow exploration of the Americas by ancient Vikings, as the legends of Leif Erikson have long proclaimed.
		The ship later made a course for the other pole instead, and Amundsen’s Antarctic expedition placed him firmly among the legends of Polar Exploration when he successfully reached the South Pole on December 18, 1911, ahead of the British under Robert Scott.
		The Kon tiki Museum located in the vicinity of Oslo’s ship museums is a memorial to the no-tech expeditions Thor undertook on craft purposely built to be inconceivably fragile to prove that very ancient mariners would have been able to make voyages of great distance in spite of their primitive technologies.
	www.holidaycityflash.com /norway/norway_maritime_tradition1.htm (1680 words)

	Frammuseet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The polar ship ”Fram” is the strongest vessel in the world, and the one sea-going vessel that has been the farthest both to the north and the south.
		”Fram” was launched in 1892, and was built by the famous ship constructor, Colin Archer from Larvik.
		Once again ”Fram” withstands the strains and hardships of the polar oceans, and the vessel safely carries Roald Amundsen and his successful crew to the Antarctic and back again.
	www.fram.museum.no /en?page=92 (353 words)

	What was the Fram? , A Norwegian, Fritdjof Nansen, had the idea of building a ship that would be lifted up by the ...
		His famous ship the Fram was the result.
		In the spring of 1895 he left the ship to try and reach the Pole overland, but was unsuccessful.
		A week later he learned that the Fram, as strong as ever, had, in fact, managed to break free of the ice which had imprisoned her for nearly three years and was homeward bound.
	www.4to40.com /qa/index.asp?counter=269&category= (284 words)

	North: Fram
		The Fram is very famous for Roald Amundsen's 1910-12 South polar journey, but I think the Fram's first voyage is very intriguing.
		The ship didn't float all the way to the pole, so in March 1895, Nansen and Hjalmar Johansen disembarked, to try to reach the North Pole with skis and dog sleds.
		This left the Fram in the hands of Otto Sverdrup, and it eventually reached open water Northwest of Spitsbergen.
	www.blather.net /north/archives/2006/02/fram.html (263 words)

	Race for the South Pole 2 - Courtesy of: The Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In 1909, before he knew that he was going to the South Pole, Amundsen had procured the use of the ship Fram, which had brought him success on other travels, to bring him to the North Pole.
		On board his ship were three motor sledges, nineteen ponies, thirty-three dogs, and twenty-four men.
		After extensive study he figured out that the Bay of Whales (Ross Ice Shelf) was the best place to have his base camp and to dock his ship, since it was blocked from the wind and its shoreline had not moved for about 80 years.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/history/pole-race2.shtml (1339 words)

	Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center
		The famous expedition of Fridtjof Nansen and his crew on the "Fram" ship in the then unknown region of the Arctic Ocean was a kind of a finishing touch to the history of great geographical discoveries of the XIXth century and the starting point of anew era of exploring Central Arctic.
		In the course of preparations for his famous expedition on the "Fram" ship., Fridtjof Nansen studied thoroughly the materials of numerous Russian Expeditions in the regions of the Siberian Coast of the Arctic Ocean, from the European borders to the Bering Strait.
		A Siberian joint-stock shipping and trading company invited him to take part in the voyage of the steam ship "Correct" from Tromsø to the Yenisei river mount.
	www.nersc.no /index2.php?display=nansenandrussia (1516 words)

	Fram Peak
		This glaciated dome is the highest point in the area between the Donjek and Kluane glaciers.
		Named for the arctic exploration ship "Fram" used by Nansen for his north pole attempt.
		Fram means "Forward" in Norwegian.Fram was probably the strongest wooden ship ever built; it was built by the Norwegian shipwright Colin Archer for Fridtjof Nansen's 1893 expedition where Nansen planned to let Fram freeze into the Arctic ice sheet and float through the ice sheet, via the North Pole.
	www.bivouac.com /MtnPg.asp?MtnId=2845 (174 words)

	Bygdoy, the museum center of Oslo, Norway - ExploreNorth
		The large library houses the collections of several noted ship designers, and is also heavily used by genealogists, as it contains manifests of many of the vessels that took emigrants to North America.
		Among the remains found in the ship were horses, dogs and a peacock.
		The Viking Ship Museum's three burial ships, the best-preserved Viking ships in existence, are well presented on their Web site.
	www.explorenorth.com /library/weekly/aa122200a.htm (783 words)

	Norway Guide: Fram Polar Ship Museum, Oslo - Top Tourist Attractions in Norway. Travel Europe
		Oslo: The Fram Museum shows the history of the polar explorers Fridtjof Nansen, Otto Sverdrup and Roald Amundsen.
		The Fram Museum shows the history of the polar explorers.
		The ship is displayed in its original condition with interior and objects perfectly preserved.
	www.norwayguide.no /ta/fram.htm (205 words)

	Nansen, Fridtjof, FARTHEST NORTH: Being a Record of a Voyage of Exploration of the Ship 'Fram' 1893-96 and of a Fifteen ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Nansen's theory was based on a number of indications, not the least of which was the discovery of portions of the wreck of the "Jeannette" which had been lost off the New Siberia Islands in 1881 but which were found on drift ice off the south-west coast of Greeenland.
		His ship, the "Fram" was specially built of extraordinarily strong materials and of a design to be lifted by rather than crushed by the ice.
		The success of the theory, the expedition and the trek made northward over the ice on foot to a point farthest north is related in these two fine volumes.
	www.polybiblio.com /bud/15687.html (302 words)

	Fram Museum, Oslo, Norway - July, 1999
		The Fram Museum is located in Oslo Fjord near downtown Oslo.
		of history about ships, ship building, and exploration in the early 20th century.
		The most advanced technology of the day was onboard Fram when she sailed.
	www.evensens.net /fram/fram.html (239 words)

	roald amundsen \| biography (1872-1928)
		Continuing to the south of Victoria Island, the ship cleared the Arctic Archipelago on August 17, 1905, but had to stop for the winter before going on to Nome on the Alaska Territory's Pacific coast.
		Due to water as shallow as 3 feet (1 m), a larger ship could never have used the route.
		In 1918 Amundsen began an expedition with a new ship Maud, which was to last until 1925.
	www.leninimports.com /roald_amundsen.html (1718 words)

	Norway - Travel - Report and pictures
		First stop is the peninsula Bygdøy to bring a visit to the museum about the ship Fram.
		This ship was built and used to make expeditions to the North and South Pole.
		On different levels, you can walk around the ship, alongside the walls, there are many pictures, stories from the crew and many other interesting things and facts.
	users.telenet.be /swinnen1/noorwegen/EN_12.html (300 words)

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