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Topic: Frame rate

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	Frame rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Frame rate is most often expressed in frames per second (often abbreviated "fps", but not to be confused with FPS or first-person shooter) or, equivalently, Hertz (Hz).
		The frame rate is related to but not identical to a physiological concept called the flicker fusion threshold or flicker fusion rate.
		These rates would be impractical for the actual frame rate of most film mechanisms so the shutter in the projection devices is actually arranged to interrupt the light two or three times for every film frame.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frame_rate (1260 words)

	Refresh rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The refresh rate (or "vertical refresh rate", "vertical scan rate") is the maximum number of frames that can be displayed on a monitor (or television) in a second, expressed in hertz.
		The scan rate is controlled by the vertical sync signal generated by the video controller, ordering the monitor to position the electron gun at the upper left corner of the raster, ready to paint another frame.
		The refresh rate can be calculated from the horizontal scan rate by dividing by the number of horizontal lines and multiplying the result by 0.95 (since about 5% of the time it takes to scan the screen is spent moving the electron gun back to the top).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Refresh_rate (539 words)

	Imdb Glossary letter: F (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		By displaying these frames at the same rate at which they were recorded, the illusion of motion can be created.
		"Frame Rate" is the number of frames captured or projected per second.
		Earlier films used lower frame rates, and hence when played back on modern equipment, fast motion occurs due to undercranking.
	us.imdb.com /Glossary/F (1196 words)

	Frame Rate vs. Time Base in Premiere - Support Knowledgebase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Frame rate may be the most misunderstood and misused option in Adobe Premiere.
		The frame rate you specify when setting up a compression method should not be confused with the time base you set up when you create a new project.
		Although the time base is not the same as the frame rate, consider the frame rate of your final movie when setting the time base for a project.
	www.adobe.com /support/techdocs/314834.html (580 words)

	Understanding Frame Rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In this case, the graphics frame rate is at least three times that of the monitor refresh rate.
		Note that the frame rate represents the original vertical refresh rate is divided by an increasing integer.
		rate that is one third that of the vertical refresh rate.
	dburns.dhs.org /OSG/Articles/FrameRate/FrameRate.html (1526 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		rate control process will actually degrade the visual quality of the video image, i.e., failing to alter the quantizer scale in an efficient manner such that it is necessary to drastically alter the quantizer scale toward the end of a picture to avoid overflow and underflow conditions.
		The rate control module 130 serves to monitor and adjust the bit rate of the data stream entering the FIFO buffer 190 to prevent overflow and underflow on the decoder side (within a receiver or target storage device, not shown) after transmission of the data stream.
		In brief, the frame rate allocator 131 initially obtains a rough estimate of the complexity of a specific type of picture (I, P, B) from previously encoded pictures or by implementing various MPEG test models.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/03279.990121&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (6777 words)

	Glossary: Frame Rate \| Sweetwater.com
		Frame speed is the number of frames that go by in audio, film, or video per unit of real (actual) time (usually one second).
		Frame count is the number of frames that are COUNTED in one running second of audio, video, or film regardless of the actual running speed.
		Drop frame time code is an example of a frame count where the number of frames that occur per second of video (not real) time are altered to account for slightly slower running speed of color NTSC video.
	www.sweetwater.com /expert-center/glossary/t--framerate (285 words)

	frame rate - a Whatis.com definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In motion pictures, television, and in computer video displays, the frame rate is the number of frames or images that are projected or displayed per second.
		Frame rates are used in synchronizing audio and pictures, whether film, television, or video.
		The professional frame rate for motion pictures is 24 frames per second and, for television, 30 frames per second (in the U.S.).
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213531,00.html (355 words)

	FRAME RELAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Frame relay was originally conceived of as a protocol for use over ISDN interfaces, and initial proposals to this effect were submitted (in 1984) to the Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone (CCITT).
		Frames are constructed by encapsulating layer 2 messages (excluding the CRC and flags), with a two byte header, a CRC, and a flag delimiter.
		Frame relay limits the functionality inside the network, based on the premise that the probability of frame error is very small.
	www2.rad.com /networks/1994/fram_rel/frame.htm (1374 words)

	Temporal Rate Conversion: Dave Marsh. Microsoft Technical Evangelist, TV and Video
		It is worth noting that in an existing NTSC video-originated interlaced signal, even though the frame rate is only 30Hz, the temporal rate is actually 60Hz and this is the rate at which the motion in the original scene was originally sampled.
		If the temporal sampling rate used by a video signal was more than twice the frequency of the fastest motion present in the scene, then the sample points transmitted would fully represent the motion information and so you could accurately pick additional information points on the curve.
		A linear temporal rate converter is faced with a dilemma of whether to keep the annoying judder or to apply considerable low pass filtering to change the object into a low resolution blur as it moves.
	www.microsoft.com /whdc/archive/TempRate.mspx (5345 words)

	Ethernet Frame Calculations
		The minimum frame payload is 46 Bytes (dictated by the slot time of the Ethernet LAN architecture).
		The maximum frame rate is achieved by a single transmitting node which does not therefore suffer any collisions.
		If the forwarding capacity is momentarilly exceeded due to a large number of small frames, the bridge/router will simply discard the excess frames which it can not process (this is allowed, since Ethernet provides only a best effort link layer service).
	www.erg.abdn.ac.uk /users/gorry/course/lan-pages/enet-calc.html (588 words)

	Learn about Panasonic's AJ-HDC27F - VariCam^® Variable Frame Rate 16:9 HD Cinema^TM Camera with ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Individual frame rates may be selected from: 4-fps to 60-fps in single frame increments.
		Additionally, the variable frame rates and related variable shutter speeds create some very interesting ghost like motion blur effects, warp speed zoom effects, and long exposure still shots typical of what one might see in music videos, sci-fi dramas and dream sequences.
		As soon as the frame rate becomes lower than 60, exposure time increases proportionally and redundant frames are recorded on tape.
	catalog2.panasonic.com /webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ModelDetail?displayTab=O&storeId=11201&catalogId=13051&itemId=94208&catGroupId=15768&modelNo=AJ-HDC27H&surfModel=AJ-HDC27H (982 words)

	GameDev.net - Achieving Frame Rate Independent Game Movement
		I often come across the common question, “How do I allow for movement speed in games that is unaffected by frame rate?” While pondering this same question, I recognized the same problem in some games I have written where the object movement has always been too fast when the frame rates were really high.
		To move those 2 blocks, all the movements for all the frames you are rendering in one second would have to add up to two.
		The default change is 10 units every frame, so at 80 frames a second, the movement is 800 degrees per second, which is quite a few of cycles (360 degrees in a circle).
	www.gamedev.net /reference/articles/article1604.asp (994 words)

	[SDL] Portability versus the "Gee Whiz" factor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Anything but full frame rate is significantly worse than full frame rate, regardless of the numbers.
		The ghosting "offset" does shrink with increasing frame rates, but you need very high frame rates to make it invisible on anything but very slow movement.
		It also avoids the logic time/real time matching issue, although that can be done without restricting the frame rate, at least with some driver support.
	www.libsdl.org /pipermail/sdl/2002-June/046184.html (463 words)

	PSX Frame Rate mini-FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One topic that often comes up in Playstation newsgroups is the issue of frame rate and border problems that often occur on US and Japanese games converted to run on European Playstations.
		This mini FAQ describes a range of frame rate related issues, including why these problems occur, and what can be done to avoid, or reduce them.
		Refresh Rate and Hz The refresh rate of a TV is the number of times it draws a new picture every second.
	www.guybrush.demon.co.uk /videofaq/PSX_Framerate_FAQ.html (1958 words)

	Frame Rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The time depends on two things: when the keyframe was created and the frame rate set for the project.
		However, after the animating is complete, changing the frame allows you to render different numbers of frames per second.
		, then set the frame rate to 30 fps and render for video, and you will see the same 2 hours of animation with the same timing, just more frames were rendered.
	www.hash.com /htmlHelp/HTMLHelp/mas00187.htm (158 words)

	Dexterity Software Forums - Constant frame rate in 2D ?
		I think that frame rate indpendent movement, overall, is a good thing, but frame rate variable movement, as in compensating the frame rate during the course of a game, is not so desirable.
		During the reaquisition, the frame rate may have changed significantly again, causing a further backup in the "processing" done by the brain and possibly wasted "cycles" trying to anticipate uneven patterns in the change of frame rates.
		At high frame rates all of this would likely not be a significant problem because the object would be near enough to where the brain expects it to be to not raise any red flags.
	www.indiegamer.com /archives/t-1633.html (8836 words)

	Lobby Display, Bank Sign, Rate Board - Displays2go
		Our rate board display is magnetic and has changeable magnetic numbers mounted inside this lobby unit.
		The rate board is 22" x 28" and includes your custom header with text phrase, logo, account title strips, and footer per your custom format.
		The rate board display includes twelve rows of magnetic-back replaceable account titles (10-1/2" x 1-5/8") along with 400 precision cut magnetic-back numbers (0-9) plus decimals and percent signs.
	www.displays2go.com /product.asp?ID=807 (348 words)

	Frame rate problems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		However the frame rate is always less than 15 fps and I and I am not quite sure what prevents me from getting higher frame rates.
		When I open the dialog box (using showDlg) as camera parameter it is not possible to set the frame rate to more than 15 fps when the resolution is 640x480.
		It is possible to capture an.avi clip with high frame rate using the software that came with the camera.
	www.hitl.washington.edu /artoolkit/mail-archive/message-thread-00702-Frame-rate-problems.html (1746 words)

	FRAME RATE CONVERSION
		In this case, the footage is interlace, 60 fields at 30 frames per second while the project type is progressive and 24 frames per second.
		The Timewarp effect can be used to create all the frame rate conversions needed, but we will use the 60 field interlace to 24p as the example.
		There is also a bin available here that has all of the frame rate conversions as a preset template.
	www.24p.com /conversion.htm (510 words)

	Why Am I Not Acquiring Images at the Expected Frame Rate of my Camera? - KnowledgeBase - Support - National Instruments
		The higher frame rates may not acquired because the camera is not sending all of the frames.
		To achieve the maximum frame rates specified for these cameras, the shutter speed must be increased so that each frame can be completed in time.
		If the trigger frequency is close to the frame rate, there is a chance that the triggers could be offset enough that the next trigger occurs during the acquisition of a previous frame, resulting in every other trigger is ignored.
	digital.ni.com /public.nsf/allkb/96CB1A25EFF49A3C86256F80005B8EB1 (1149 words)

	Speech Frame Rate Classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This paper proposes a speech rate classifier that selects frames for suppressed encoding rates based upon a perceptual distortion measure that has been shown to be highly correlated with MOS scores, Enhanced Modifed Bark Spectral Distortion (EMBSD) [Yantorno1999].
		For example, a particular frame of speech could be considered as a good candidate for encoding at half-rate if it's perceived quality would be equal to that of one coded at full rate.
		The other rate(s), (quarter and) eighth are essentially a speech/non-speech modes and easily distinguishable without the use of an elaborate discrimanent.
	www.chuckhahm.com /fr_class.html (1347 words)

	Doom9's Forum - Variable frame rate support
		About the new frame property (we're maybe talking in the wind but, still, it's an interesting stuff), I prefer to see it as a timecode (ie an absolute time since the start of the video stream) rather than a frame duration.
		Frame duration is more precise, but I think that a precision of under 1ms is hardly usefull (though all containers support lower resolution), and timecodes are the natural information handled by those containers.
		Using a frame duration setting sounds good, and was even mentioned for adding to the Matroska specs, so that a frame (subtitle frame) could be displayed for only X amount of time.
	forum.doom9.org /showthread.php?s=&threadid=47203 (3985 words)

	TDSO Frame Error Rate Measurement Description
		TDSO FER testing begins when the first frame (called a sync frame) in the first full segment is received by the mobile station.
		Approximately 5.12 s later the mobile station receives the first sync frame from the test set and is able to compute the PRBS data pattern the test set is about to send.
		Interim results are displayed when the frame count is greater than 512 and the test set is able to retrieve mobile station counter values after intermediate sync frames.
	wireless.agilent.com /rfcomms/refdocs/cdma2k/cdma2000_meas_tdso_fer_desc.php (762 words)

	[SDL] CSDL with quad-buffering and a seperate flip-thread (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Back in the glorious days of the Demo Scene and 2D games, "full frame=20 rate" was the only frame rate there was for 2D effects...
		Well, if he had superhuman reactions, he could have had some benefit,=20 if the input code was running at the full "internal" frame rate...
		Or rather, more accurate -=20 responses can never be seen before the next frame is visible anyway, so=20 it's sufficient that input events are read and timestamped, so that the=20 engine knows which "logic frame" each one belongs to.
	www.libsdl.org /pipermail/sdl/2002-March/043278.html (858 words)

	Canon USA Consumer Products - Camcorders - XL2 Body Kit - Features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It delivers 60i, 30p, and 24p frame rates (24p with 2:3 and 2:3:3:2, both with 1/48th second shutter speed).
		The 24p frame rate is also a non-interlaced format, and is now widely adopted by those planning on transferring the video signal to film.
		The combination of 24p frame rate and 1/48th perfectly mimic a motion film camera.
	consumer.usa.canon.com /ir/controller?act=ModelFeaturesAct&fcategoryid=165&modelid=11544&pageno=1 (351 words)

	frame rate - SereneScreen Forum
		With all this discussion on frame rates, which is minimum and all that, no one has mentioned the appearance of the bubble column.
		So indeed the frame rate all depends on the subject's motion and the screen phosphor latency.
		Those for whom a frame rate of 24 is acceptable probably have longer latency phosphors on their screen or use an LCD screen, which cannot refresh much faster than that, especially the passive types.
	www.feldoncentral.com /forums/showthread.php?t=199 (1352 words)

	Frame Rate - ActionScript.org Forums
		It's the size of your content, not the frame rate, that determines the size of the movie.
		Choosing your frame rate depends on what you want to do and who your target audience is (ie how much bandwidth does the "baseline user" have and how good is their computer).
		I'm sure that frames with actionscript on will be given priority by the player and not skipped.
	www.actionscript.org /forums/showthread.php3?t=21392 (548 words)

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