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	Francesco Crispi - LoveToKnow 1911
		FRANCESCO CRISPI (1819-1901), Italian statesman, was born at Ribera in Sicily on the 4th of October 1819.
		Crispi was compelled to resign office, although the judicial authorities upheld the invalidity of his early marriage, contracted at Malta in 1853, and ratified his subsequent union with Signora Barbagallo.
		Crispi's uncompromising suppression of disorder, and his refusal to abandon either the Triple Alliance or the Eritrean colony, or to forsake his colleague Sonnino, caused a breach between him and the radical leader Cavallotti.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Francesco_Crispi (1248 words)

	Francesco Crispi - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Crispi, Francesco (1819-1901), Italian prime minister (1887-91 and 1893-96).
		Crispi was active in the Italian unification movement and served...
		Francesco Crispi (October 4 1819 August 12 1901) was a 19th century Italian politician.
	encarta.msn.com /Francesco_Crispi.html (198 words)

	Francesco Crispi
		On the 9th of February, 1879, the death of Pope Pius IX necessitated a conclave, the first to be held after the unification of Italy.
		Crispi, helped by Mancini and Cardinal Pecci (afterwards Pope Leo XIII), persuaded the Sacred College to hold the conclave in Rome, and prorogued the chamber lest any untoward manifestation should mar the solemnity of the event.
		Crispi was prepared to cultivate good relations with France, but refused to yield to pressure or to submit to dictation; and in this attitude he was firmly supported by the bulk of his fellow countrymen.
	www.nndb.com /people/197/000095909 (1250 words)

	Francesco Crispi Biography / Biography of Francesco Crispi Biography Biography
		Francesco Crispi was born on Oct. 4, 1819, in Ribera, Sicily.
		Implicated in Giuseppe Mazzini's attempt to foment revolt in Milan in 1853, Crispi was expelled from Piedmont.
		When the kingdom of Italy was proclaimed in 1862, Crispi was elected deputy to the first Italian Parliament and became a leader of the left opposition to the premier, the Conte di Cavour.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-francesco-crispi (571 words)

	Francesco Crispi - Best of Sicily Magazine
		It was Crispi who encouraged the Germans (during a visit with Bismarck) to initiate a war against France and Austria which would have led to Italy gaining territory as a result of a massive multi-nation conflict.
		Despite this debacle, it was Crispi whose blind expansionism became a cornerstone of subsequent Italian foreign policy for decades --at least until Fascist Italy had her wings clipped by the Allies in 1943.
		Though previously a republican, Crispi wrote to Mazzini in 1864 that, "the monarchy unites us, the republic would divide us." Clearly, Crispi saw the way the Italian winds were blowing, and they were caressing the aspirations of the House of Savoy.
	www.bestofsicily.com /mag/art249.htm (980 words)

	Francesco Crispi - Encyclopedia.com
		Francesco Crispi and Italy's pursuit of war against France, 1887-9.
		Nation-building in 19th-century Italy: the case of Francesco Crispi.
		V.E. Orlando, 'Francesco Crispi', in V.E. Orlando, Scritti varii di diritto pubblico e scienza politica (Milan; Giuffre, 1940), pp.395-417.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Crispi-F.html (1137 words)

	Francesco Crispi
		Crispi regierte autoritär und unterdrückte vor allem die Arbeiterschaft, er orientierte sich außenpolitisch am Deutschen reich und propagierte eine entschlossene Kolonialpolitik.
		Nach der Niederlage gegen das Heer Menileks bei Adua 1896 wurde Crispi persönlich verantwortlich gemacht.
		Nach seinem Rücktritt schrieb er an seinen Memoiren, in denen er seine Politik rechtfertigte.
	www.weltchronik.de /bio/cethegus/c/crispi.html (222 words)

	physics - Francesco Crispi
		Crispi was born in Ribera, Sicily and baptized in the Greek Orthodox Church.
		He assumed an active role in the Sicilian uprising against the rule of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies at Palermo in 1848.
		But a court ruled that Crispi's 1853 marriage on Malta was invalid because it was contracted while a woman he had married still earlier was still living.
	www.physicsdaily.com /physics/Francesco_Crispi (1238 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Crispi and his followers, however, were also strongly conscious of the function of the 'other' as a tool for mass mobilisation.
		Crispi's attitude to France and the French was complex and highly ambivalent, and I will suggest using as evidence his speeches, writings, and political actions, above all when prime minister in 1887-91 that there was an element of disingenuousness in his repeated claims that France was bent on destroying Italy.
		What Crispi was trying to do was to create a climate of tension, that would not only bring the population together, but might also lead on to a war, in alliance with Germany a war that would finally cement the country's 'moral unity'.
	www.arts.uwa.edu.au /acis/guests/guest_Duggan (453 words)

	Crispi, Francesco -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		On the death of Depretis in 1887 the Sicilian and former Mazzinian Francesco Crispi became prime minister and pursued a policy of administrative reforms at home and expansion abroad.
		Italian artist Francesco Guardi was one of the outstanding Venetian landscape painters of the rococo period, an age that produced refined, graceful, and brilliantly decorated works of art and architecture.
		Francesco Guicciardini's The History of Italy' is the most valuable work on Italy written during late Renaissance.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9027917 (591 words)

	Eri24
		Crispi was accused of provocation and of acting in obedience to Prince Bismark, who wanted war, and also of helping the Triple Alliance to assume an alarming attitude.
		Crispi’s answers to the French objections were contained in three Notes, two of the twenty-fifth and one of the thirty-first of July, which were addressed to our ambassadors, to be communicated to the Foreign Secretaries of the great Powers.
		He carried the contest before the Chancelleries of Europe, demonstrated to them that France was sustaining a false thesis, and that she was not moved either by questions of principle or dignity, but rather by rancour at the spirit of independence by which the Italian policy was animated.
	www.eri24.com /Article_431.htm (4021 words)

	OUP: Francesco Crispi 1818-1901: Duggan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Franceso Crispi is a laudable work of scholarship based on a decade of archival research, but it is not an arid political biography.
		Francesco Crispi (1818-1901) was among the key figures in the Italian Risorgimento, a close freind and supporter of Mazzini and Garibaldi, and one of the architects of Italy's unification in 1860.
		Crispi was celebrated by the fascist regime as the 'precursor' of Mussolini, and in exploring Crispi's evolution from revolutionary democrat to bellicose authoritarian, this book aims to shed light on the roots of fascism and the problems of Italian liberalism.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-820611-9 (583 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Crispi Francesco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Crispi, Francesco (1819-1901), Italian Prime Minister (1887-1891 and 1893-1896).
		Crispi was active in the Italian unification movement and served...
		When Victor Emmanuel died in January 1878, his son, Humbert I, succeeded to the Italian throne.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Crispi_Francesco.html (81 words)

	Christopher Duggan - The Info Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The death of Urbano Rattazzi in 1873 induced Crispis friends to put forward his candidature to the leadership of the Left; but Crispi, anxious to reassure the crown, secured the election of Depretis.In 1876 he was elected President of the Chamber.
		Crispi, helped by Mancini and Cardinal Pecci (afterwards Leo XIII), persuaded the Sacred College to hold the conclave in Rome, establishing the legitimacy of the capital.The statesmanlike qualities displayed on this occasion were insufficient to avert the storm of indignation of Crispis opponents in connection with a charge of bigamy.
		Although the legal authorities ruled that Crispis early marriage, on Malta in 1853, was invalid, he was nevertheless compelled to resign office.For nine years Crispi remained politically under a cloud, but in 1887 returned to office as minister of the interior in the Depretis cabinet.
	www.authorof.com /150318_christopher-duggan_0521408482aconcisehistoryofitalybuybooks.html (1252 words)

	JMIS: Francesco Crispi, 'political education' and the problem of Italian national consciousness, 1860-1896 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Francesco Crispi has often appeared a paradoxical figure.
		Yet he ended his career as an authoritarian Prime Minister, a vigorous opponent of the Far Left, and an imperialist, who prorogued parliament and contemplated the dispensing with representative government altogether.
		This article contends that Crispi's career has more coherence than is commonly suggested; it focuses on an important but hitherto neglected aspect of his thinking, namely the problem of how to achieve a sense of national consciousness in Italy through 'political education'.
	www.brown.edu /Research/Journal_Modern_Italian_Studies/2.2/duggan.html (188 words)

	Francesco Crispi and Italy's pursuit of war against France, 1887-9. - The Australian Journal of Politics and History - ...
		This paper will examine the problems of nation-building in Italy in later nineteenth century Italy, focusing principally on the ideas and policies of the man who dominated the country in the 1880s and 1890s, Francesco Crispi.
		It will be my contention that Crispi and many of his political contemporaries on both the left and the right were strongly conscious of the mobilising and nationalising potential of "the other", and to an extent manipulated and deliberately exaggerated threats posed both by internal enemies--principally the Catholics and the socialists--and external enemies--above all...
		This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
	www.highbeam.com /doc/1G1-124342854.html (174 words)

	The Anthony P. Campanella Collection of Giuseppe Garibaldi - Island 4
		Crispi, a republican, served prominently in the 1860 Sicilian campaign, acted as Garibaldi's secretary, and was opposed to the annexation of Naples and Sicily to the kingdom of Italy.
		Includes the flight of Francesco II of Naples and Garibaldi's decision to rest his troops for a few days before continuing the war of unification.
		In the vignette at the foot of the sheet Garibaldi is shown in repose at Caprera.
	www.sc.edu /library/spcoll/hist/garib/garib4.html (840 words)

	Francesco Crispi Books and Articles - Research Francesco Crispi at Questia Online Library
		The Crispi Period 1887-1896 163...the suffrage was demanded by Cairoli and Crispi in the form of universal suffrage accompanied...promoters of strikes to...
		On January 12 a revolt organized by Francesco Crispi, a young Sicilian lawyer then practising in...
		Francesco Crispi: Dogali and the Necessity of...1887 130 5.
	www.questia.com /library/history/european-history/southern-europe/italian/francesco-crispi.jsp (445 words)

	[No title]
		1860 Francesco Crispi (2x) 1860 Col. Antonio Mordini s.a.
		Giuseppe Paternò, marchese di Spedaletto 1784 - 1874 1860 Gen. Nicola Patrizi Ministers of the Navy Ministri della Marina 1860 Giuseppe cavaliere Piola 1826 - 1904 1860 Giovanni Battista Fauché 1815 - 1884 Ministers of the Interior Ministri dell'Interno 1860 Francesco Crispi s.a.
		1885 - 1887 Francesco Brescia Morra 1832 - 1910 1887 Achille Serpieri 1828 - 1887 1887 - 1893 Guglielmo conte Capitelli 1840 - 1907 1893 Leopoldo Pacini 1831 - 1893 1893 - 1894 Vincenzo Arata 1832 - 1894 Pietro Bondi s.a.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Rotunda/2209/Sicily.html (2390 words)

	Italy - 4 - 1878 - National Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		After the last inspection of the Italian Armed Forces by the Primeminister Francesco Crispi and delegates from both the State- and Military departments, several issues have been risen.
		After a cabinet meeting together with the King, the Italian PM Francesco Crispi announced that a new WM had been agreed upon.
		Alongside dignities from all over Europe our own PM, Francesco Crispi, as well as the Italian FM attends the congress.
	www.cse.sc.edu /~girard/1878/Italy_4_1878_NatA.html (526 words)

	Bed and breakfast Villa Crispi Mestre - Official Site - Bed and Breakfast a Mestre Venice Italy
		Bed and breakfast Villa Crispi Mestre - bed and breakfast Mestre Venice - bed and breakfast a Mestre Venice - b&b Venice Italy - hotels
		Amidst villas and gardens in the residential area of Mestre, 10 minutes from Venice, and the main freeways and airport, a lovely early 1900's home houses the rooms of Villa Crispi 1 e 2.
		Villa Crispi 1 e 2 - Via Francesco Crispi, 20 Venice Mestre · Ph.
	www.villacrispi.it (162 words)

	Hotel Villa Crispi, Mestre, Italy - Mestre Hotels, Hotel Mestre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Following is our address: Via Francesco Crispi, 20, 30170, Mestre, Italy.
		Equipped with all that is necessary for a pleasant stay, the rooms of Hotel Villa Crispi offer the best in furnishing.
		If a cancellation is made 2 days before the check-in date, it is charged 100% of the total reservation fee.
	www.hotel-d.com /en/p1/226800/villa-crispi-hotel-mestre.html (293 words)

	Italy - 3 - 1881 - Nationalist Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Francesco Crispi, the Italian PM and leader of the Italian Empire held a speech to the Italian people after a short cabinet meeting with the other ministers and the Italian high command;
		Our prairs is with all those brave Italians that gave thier life in protecting our homeland on the banks of the Piave river.
		They will not have died in vain, and their deeds will always be remebered." Mr Francesco Crispi, the Italian PM and the leader of the nationalist party, said after the news reached Rome.
	www.cse.sc.edu /~girard/1881/Italy_3_1881_NatA.html (700 words)

	Apartments Rental in Rome, Trevi Fountain Area, Italian Holiday Villa, Travel Italy,
		Lux - Via Crispi - 2 pax - € 190,00 per day - map
		Lux - Via Crispi - 2 + 2 pax - from € 170,00 per day - map
		Lux - Via Francesco Crispi - 2 + 1 pax - from € 140,00 per day - map
	www.rentalinrome.com /trevifountainapartments.htm (684 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Francesco Crispi, 1818-1901: From Nation to Nationalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Amazon.ca: Books: Francesco Crispi, 1818-1901: From Nation to Nationalism
		We will notify you within 2-3 weeks if we have trouble obtaining this title.
		Top of Page : Francesco Crispi, 1818-1901: From Nation to Nationalism
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0198206119 (170 words)

	Francesco Crispi, Italian minister of War/premier, dies at about 82 August 11 in History
		Francesco Crispi, Italian minister of War/premier, dies at about 82 August 11 in History
		Francesco Crispi, Italian minister of War/premier, dies at about 82
		Nothing can be more contrary to religion and the clergy than reason and common sense.
	www.brainyhistory.com /events/1901/august_11_1901_68165.html (52 words)

	Fodor's Travel Guides \| Forums Messages
		Now: Via Francesco Crispi crosses the Via Sistina; the Via Sistina starts at the top of the Spanish Steps.
		One side of Via Francesco Crispi goes uphill on a slope from Via Sistina until it becomes Via di Porta Pinciana, along the edge of Villa Borghese Park.
		I know the upper part of Via Francesco Crispi, having walked along it once when I was staying on the Via Sistina.
	www.fodors.com /forums/pgMessages.jsp?fid=2&tid=34536793&numresponses=2&start=0 (397 words)

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