Francis II of the Two Sicilies

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	Francis II of the Two Sicilies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Francis II was weak-minded, stupid and vacillating, but, although his short reign was stained with some cruel massacres and persecutions, he was less of a tyrant than his father.
		Francis, after long hesitations and even an appeal to Garibaldi himself, left Naples on September 6 with his wife Maria Sophia, the court, the diplomatic corps (the French and English ministers excepted), and went by sea to Gaeta, where a large part of the army was concentrated.
		These events at last frightened Francis into granting a constitution, but its promulgation was followed by disorders in Naples and the resignation of ministers, and Liborio Romano became head of the government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Francis_II_of_the_Two_Sicilies

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Ferdinand I (of Two Sicilies)
		Ferdinand II (of Two Sicilies), known as King Bomba (1810-59), king of the Two Sicilies (1830-59), son of King Francis I, whom he succeeded.
		Son of Ferdinand II, king of the Two Sicilies, and grandson of Francis I, he was the...
		Francis I (of Two Sicilies) (1777-1830), king of the Two Sicilies (1825-30), the son of King Ferdinand I. Francis was viceroy of Sicily from 1812 to...
	encarta.msn.com /Ferdinand_I_(of_Two_Sicilies).html

	Two Sicilies Succession Dispute (La Successione alla Dignita di Capo della Casa di Borbone Due Sicilie)
		The Two Sicilies throne was only limited to the male heirs of Charles III upon whose extinction it would pass to the Princess most closely related to the last King.
		The Two Sicilies King was angered because his own rights to the Spanish Throne - and hitherto he had followed immediately after the youngest brother of Ferdinand VII - were considerably diluted.
		In 1830 Ferdinand VII of Spain, son and successor of Charles IV, abolished Salic law which since 1713 had guaranteed the succession of the throne of Spain to the male heirs of Philip V. This act had a serious affect on relations with the Royal Families of France and the Two Sicilies.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/bourbon/twosicilies/dispute.htm

	Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sicily, whence the Royalists had been expelled, was subjugated by General Filangieri, and the chief cities were bombarded, an expedient which won for Ferdinand the epithet of King Bomba.
		In 1868, he married Isabel Infanta of Spain (eldest daughter of Queen Isabella II) and was created Infante of Spain.
		In January 1848 another rising in Sicily was the signal for revolutions all over Italy and Europe; it was followed by a movement in
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_the_Two_Sicilies

	Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - History
		Francis II is the last King of the Two Sicilies.
		Francis was certainly not endowed with his father’s strong character, nor did he possess his political experience, but he was very humane and magnanimous, he had a deep faith and a sense of duties towards his subjects, especially the needy ones.
		The coronation of Francis and Maria Sofia worsened the relations with the Queen Mother, but other problems were now appearing and Maria Sofia showed to be a brave and strong Queen as just a few in history.
	www.realcasadiborbone.it /uk/archiviostorico/cs_08.htm

	AllRefer.com - Francis II, king of the Two Sicilies (Italian History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Francis II 1836–94, last king of the Two Sicilies (1859–61), son and successor of Ferdinand II.
		Francis II, king of the Two Sicilies, Italian History, Biographies
		When he sought the alliance of Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia, around whom the movement for Italian unification had coalesced, it was too late : Garibaldi had conquered Sicily and was marching (1860) on Naples.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Francis2Sic.html

	FRANCIS IV. OF MODENA - LoveToKnow Article on FRANCIS IV. OF MODENA
		At the time of the French invasion (1796) Francis was sent to Vienna to be educated, and in 1809 was appointed governor of Galicia.
		On the fall of Napoleon in 1814 Francis received the duchy of Modena, including Massa-Carrara and Lurligiana; his mothers advice was to be above the law.
		Later he went to Sardinia, where the exiled King Victoi~ Emmanuel I. and his wife Maria Theresa were living in retirement.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FR/FRANCIS_IV_OF_MODENA.htm

	AllRefer.com - Two Sicilies, kingdom of the (Italian History) - Encyclopedia
		Ferdinand IV of Naples (Ferdinand III of Sicily) officially merged the two kingdoms in 1816 and called himself Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.
		The name Two Sicilies was used in the Middle Ages to mean the kingdoms of Sicily and of Naples (see Sicily and Naples, kingdom of).
		The reactionary regimes of his successors Francis I, Ferdinand II, and Francis II finally ended when Sicily and Naples fell to the forces of Garibaldi in 1860.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/TwoSicil.html

	Abstract - 4 - Stephen Kerr and The Scientific Juridical Analysis of the Succession to the Headship of the Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies and the Grand Magistry of the Order of Constantine of St. George of Naples
		As the first two princes would be required to abdicate the Two Sicilies succession to the third, all of the subsequently born children of the first two princes would thus be excluded from the Tow Sicilies succession before taking up the Spanish succession.
		However, this could be easily done if the Two Sicilies prince in question were to absolutely renounce his eventual succession to the dynastic rights of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies for himself and for his heirs and successors.
		Thus Louis XIV's act of legitimation of his natural children was declared void after his death and in the Two Sicilies dynasty, the issue of the unrecognized marriage of the second Count of Aquila were not even entitled to the name of Borbone and were given an entirely new name of Roccaguglielma.
	www.dynastic-law.com /abstract-4.html

	gaeta
		the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and marched to Gaeta, were he met Vittorio Emmanuel.
		Francis, or to take the fortresses of Capua and Gaeta, without the help of Sardinia.
		Capture of Gaeta The progress of the Sardinian army compelled Francis...
	www.wikisearch.net /gaeta

	AllRefer.com - Ferdinand II, king of the Two Sicilies (Italian History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Ferdinand II 1810–59, king of the Two Sicilies (1830–59), son and successor of Francis I. Although initially he sought to improve the wretched conditions of his kingdom, he soon relapsed into the repressive policies of his predecessors and became an absolute despot.
		The political isolation brought about by Ferdinand facilitated the fall of the dynasty under his son and successor, Francis II.
		Fear of revolution made him grant a constitution in 1848, but when disorders broke out in Sicily he ordered the bombardment of Messina (1848) and Palermo (1849) : an act that earned him the nickname "King Bomba." He soon revoked the constitution, becoming even more reactionary.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Ferdi2Sic.html

	The Royal House of Bourbon - Two Sicilies
		The last reigning King, Francis II, and his brother and successor (in 1894) Alfonso, Count of Caserta, continued to maintain their claim to be the legitimate successors to the throne of the Two Sicilies and refused to recognize the unification of Italy.
		Since the end of the Two Sicilies Monarchy in 1860 the head of the Bourbon-Two Sicilies royal house has lived in exile.
		The process of reconciliation between the Bourbon and Savoy royal houses has continued although the Head of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies continues to represent the traditions of that ancient Monarchy.
	www.borbone-due-sicilie.org /english

	Sicily
		Francis I, king of the Two Sicilies - Francis I, 1777–1830, king of the Two Sicilies (1825–30), son and successor of...
		Two Sicilies, kingdom of the - Two Sicilies, kingdom of the.
		Ferdinand I, king of the Two Sicilies - Ferdinand I, 1751–1825, king of the Two Sicilies (1816–25).
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0845120.html

	Gaeta
		Finally, in 1860, it was the scene of the last stand of Francis II of the Two Sicilies against the forces of United Italy.
		In 875 the town was in the hands of Pope John VIII, who gave it to the count of Capua as a fief of the Holy See, which had long claimed jurisdiction over it.
		Shut up in the fortress with 12,000 men, after Garibaldi's occupation of Naples, the king, inspired by the heroic example of Queen Maria, offered a stubborn resistance, and it was not till February 13, 1861 that, the withdrawal of the French fleet having made bombardment from the sea possible, he was forced to capitulate.
	www.portaljuice.com /gaeta.html

	constantinian
		After the death of HM Ferdinando II, his brother Alfonso, Count of Caserta, became Head of the Royal House and Family of the Two Sicilies and reigned from 1894 through 1934.
		The dignity of the Grand Master of the Constantinian Order, reserved to the Royal family of Bourbon of the Two Sicilies, heir to the Most Serene House of Farnese, is related to the capacity as Head of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies.
		HRH The Duke of Castro, the Constantinian Order’s Grand Master and Head of the Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies, was invested as a Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion in December 1968.
	www.knightofmalta1.org /constantinian.html

	Italy
		Two years after Boniface was assassinated in 1052, the widowed Marchioness, Beatrice, married Godfrey II (the Bearded), Duke of Upper (1044-1047) and Lower Lorraine (1065-1069).
		Sicily and Naples then continued separately or together until the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was overrun by Garbaldi, fighting for a united Kingdom of Italy, in 1860.
		Francesco II (also Gianfrancesco, John Francis, II or III) married Isabella d'Este (the house of Modena).
	www.friesian.com /italia.htm

	21ST GENERATION
		She was married to King Francis II Charles of TWO SICILIES (son of Ferdinand II of NAPLES) in 1852.
		King Francis II Charles of TWO SICILIES was born in 1836 in Naples- son of Ferdinand II.
		Maria Sophia Amalia of BAVARIA was born in Bavaria - dtr of Duke Maximilian Joseph.
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d7225.htm

	Royal Order of Francis I
		In this way the Royal Order of Francis I has continued to be conferred long after the deposition of Francesco's grandson, Francesco II, in 1861, and is today bestowed by the Head of the Royal House of Bourbon of the Two Sicilies, a great great grandson of the founder.
		King Francesco (Francis) I of the Two Sicilies ruled briefly from 1825 until his death in 1830.
		The growing prosperity of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was certainly one of the factors motivating the Crown to institute an order of knighthood to reward those whose efforts had contributed to that same prosperity.
	www.twosicilies.org /fran1.html

	Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - Historical Archive
		Francis II never gave up his lawful rights over the Throne of the Two Sicilies.
		After the heroic and glorious resistance in Gaeta, in February 1861 His Majesty Francis II of the Two Sicilies and Queen Maria Sofia reached Rome as guests of Pious IX, who in these sorrowful circumstances could return the hospitality he had received in Gaeta in 1848-'50 by Ferdinand II.
		Francis II died in Arco (present Alto Adige) in 1894, without heirs; whereas Maria Sofia died in Munich in 1925.
	www.realcasadiborbone.it /uk/archiviostorico/cs_09.htm

	Living History of the House of the Two Sicilies
		(This law served to forever separate the dynasty of the Two Sicilies from that of Spain.) On several occasions --most recently in 1900-- princes have renounced their rights of succession for themselves and any eventual heirs in compliance with this law.
		Headship of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies is transmitted by legitimate male primogeniture according to Neapolitan dynastic laws enacted prior to deposition of the last King of the Two Sicilies in 1861.
		Though Tuscan was the common written language of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (and throughout Italy), the "Borboni" of Naples spoke Neapolitan at court.
	www.twosicilies.org /history.html

	The May Queen: Queen Marie-José of Italy (b.1907)
		She recently read a biography of her great-aunt, Queen Marie of Naples, wife of King Francis II of the Two-Sicilies.
		From exile in Portugal, Umberto II unsuccessfully tried to convince the Italian government to abrogate the law of exile imposed in 1947.
		After the Allied invasion of Italy, old King Victor-Emmanuel III abdicated in his son's favor in a last effort to safe the Italian monarchy.
	www.eurohistory.com /marjose.html

	Francis II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Franz, Duke of Bavaria, called Francis II by supporters of the Jacobite claim to the British throne
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Francis_II

	Gapers Block, Chicago, IL - Airbags: The Leopard
		When Garibaldi's army topples the rule of King Francis II over the two Sicilies, Don Fabrizio breaks his allegiances with the previous regime, in favor of the new regime ruled by Victor Emmanuel II.
		Refusing her on grounds that he is too old for such a lively dance, he agrees to the next waltz, where the two are watched jealously by all eyes.
		It was only with its final act, set mostly at a crowded ball thrown at one of the wealthiest estates in Donnafugata, that the pieces started falling together and my interest was wholly captured.
	www.gapersblock.com /airbags/archives/the_leopard

	Leopold II Grand Duke Of Tuscany & Maria Antonia Of The Two Sicilies
		Leopold II Grand Duke Of Tuscany and Maria Antonia Of The Two Sicilies
	www.mostyn.com /Genealogy/Father/Family/WC20/WC20_114.HTM

	Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - Introduction
		The present Head of the Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies is His Royal Highness Prince Ferdinand Duke of Castro, sole lawful heir of the last King of the Two Sicilies, Francis II.
		The official website of the Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies intends to make known – in its various historical political religious and cultural aspects - the August Dynasty that reined over Southern Italy from 1734 to 1861.
		Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - Introduction
	www.realcasadiborbone.it /uk/presentazione/index.htm

	Frederic Henry Francis Ford Coppola France Frodo Baggins
		Francis II See the appropriate page for Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire Francois II of France Francis II of the Two Sicilies.
		Frivolous lawsuit A lawsuit is termed frivolous if it is brought in spite of the fact that both the plaintiff and his lawyer knew that it had no merit and it did not argue for a reasonable extension or reinterpretation of the law or no underlying justification in fact base
		Fredericton, New Brunswick For the Canadian federal electoral district of the same name, see Fredericton (electoral district Fredericton population 47,560 (greater Fredericton 81,346, both per 2001 census), is the capital of the province of New Brunswick, Canada.
	www.masterliness.com /i/Fr.htm

	GrokPedia Encyclopedia
		Francis Thomas de Grey Cowper, 7th Earl Cowper
	www.grokpedia.com /en/f/fr

	Emperor Francis Ii Habsburg-lotharingen Of Austria / Maria Theresa Of Naples Princess Two Sicilies
		Emperor Francis Ii Habsburg-lotharingen Of Austria / Maria Theresa Of Naples Princess Two Sicilies
		Father: King Ferdinand Iv Of Naples De Bourbon Of The Two Sicilies Mother: Archduchess Maria Carolina Habsburg-lotharingen Of Austria
		Name: Francis Charles Habsburg-lotharingen Archduke Born: 7 Dec 1802 at Wien, Wien, Austria Died: 8 Mar 1878 at Wien, Wien, Austria Wife: Maria (twin) Wittelsbach Arch Duchess Of Austria
	www.e-familytree.net /F77/F77114.htm

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Topic: Francis II of the Two Sicilies

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