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Topic: Franciscana

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	CMS: Pontoporia blainvillei, La Plata dolphin
		Franciscana are relatively common on the Uruguayan side of the Rio de la Plata (Brownell, 1989 and references therein).
		Franciscana was included in Appendices I and II of the CMS Convention (see "links"), because the convention considers as migratory those species regularly crossing national jurisdictional borders.
		Main concerns for franciscana conservation are the higher rates of incidental mortality in artisanal fisheries thoughout the area of distribution as well as chlorinated hydrocarbon and heavy metal spills as result of the industrial and agricultural activities in the coastal zone.
	www.cms.int /reports/small_cetaceans/data/P_blainvillei/p_blainvillei.htm (2900 words)

	Fishery Bulletin: Reproductive biology of male franciscanas (Pont... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In species that possess small testes, as in the case of the franciscana, the variation in the testicular activity may be better reflected by changes in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the rate of spermatogenesis rather than by changes in the testes weight.
		Ecology and behaviour of the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) in Bahfa Anegada, Argentina.
		Mortality of franciscanas, Pontoporia blainvillei, in coastal gillnetting in southern Brazil.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:125227463&refid=holomed_1 (6599 words)

	[No title]
		Clarkia franciscana is a slender, erect, herbaceous annual of the evening-primrose family (Onagraceae), 40 cm (16 in) tall with few, very small, and narrow leaves.
		franciscana is threatened by potential development, roadside maintenance, foot traffic, mowing, competition from alien plants, and shade from native and introduced shrubs and trees.
		Clarkia franciscana is known from five populations that are imperiled by potential development, foot traffic and competition from alien plants.
	www.cdpr.ca.gov /docs/es/estext/fr020395.txt (13880 words)

	CSI Whales Alive! Vol. X No. 4 Franciscana Dolphin: A Threatened Species?
		Although considered one of the river dolphins, franciscanas are found mainly in coastal marine waters with occasional occurrences in estuaries.
		Thousands of franciscana were killed before sharks became so depleted that fishermen turned to smaller mesh sizes in nets designed to catch bony fish, or trawled for shellfish.
		Even though franciscana is legally protected in Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, law enforcement will not likely offer a solution to the by-catch problem because the greatest threat to the species' survival is incidental captures.
	csiwhalesalive.org /csi01407.html (1607 words)

	Franciscana Pontoporia Dolphin - Dolphins And Whales Window
		Franciscana is the best of many names for this tiny dolphin, also called the La Plata River Dolphin, toninha, and boto amarelo by fishermen in small villages that know it all too well from net entanglements.
		Franciscanas measure between 1.3-1.7m in length, and weigh from 30-53kg.
		Habitat: Although related to the river dolphins, the Franciscana is a marine species which lives within 30m on the shore, in waters less than 10m deep.
	dolphins.jump-gate.com /differnt_dolphins/franciscana_pontoporia.shtml (425 words)

	ACS Franciscana (La Plata River Dolphin) Cetacean Fact Sheet - American Cetacean Society
		The name "Franciscana" is of unknown origin, but one suggestion connects it to the monks of the Franciscan order, the "gray friars" who were involved in the earliest European settlement of Uruguay; the dolphin's grayish color may be responsible for its curious name.
		Franciscanas can be identified by the long, slender beak which is the longest beak relative to body size of any dolphin.
		LENGTH AND WEIGHT The Franciscana is one of the smallest cetaceans; average length for both males and females is 6 feet (1.8 m).
	www.acsonline.org /factpack/Franciscana.htm (660 words)

	Franciscana Description
		Franciscanas have a very unusual feature - the length of their beaks.
		Franciscanas move very smoothly, and don't often roll or splash the surface.
		Franciscanas seem to be fond of rippled sand.
	www.wdcs.org /dan/publishing.nsf/allweb/EC787E737D7C61DB802569CB0055558A (364 words)

	Ocean Abstracts-Marine Wildlife (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Notes: The franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei, is a dolphin that experiences extensive incidental mortality in fisheries throughout its restricted distribution and is perhaps the most exploited species along the Atlantic coast of South America.
		To understand the population structure of this platanistoid dolphin, we sequenced 418 base pairs (bp) of the control region and 68 bp of the adjacent pro-tRNA gene of the mtDNA from 20 franciscana that were captured incidentally by gillnet fisheries of Rio Grande do Sul and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
		Of 11 haplotypes found, 5 were exclusive to franciscana from Rio Grande do Sul and 6 were found only in franciscana from Rio de Janeiro and no haplotypes were shared between locations.
	www.seaweb.org /background/abstracts/marinewild/1998/98whales.3.html (246 words)

	FIGIS - FAO/SIDP Species Identification Sheet: Pontoporia blainvillei (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Franciscana are countershaded brownish to dark grey above, and lighter brown (or even yellowish) to grey below and on the lower flanks.
		Franciscana are found only along the east coast of South America, from central Argentina to central Brazil.
		Franciscana feed mostly near the bottom on several species of fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans.
	www.fao.org /figis/servlet/species?fid=18234 (431 words)

	bioegog template
		Although the size of the flowers are different, franciscanaís being larger, both plants have the same creeping low to the ground appearance (Wells 1968).
		Known to occur on serpentine outcrops in Laurel Hill Cemetery, Masonic Cemetery and Mount Davidson franciscana was thought to be itís own species by Eastwood in 1905 until it was distinguished as a subspecies by Munz in 1958 (Markos 1995).
		When franciscana went extinct due to urbanization in the late 1930ís to early 1940ís, it was thought that ravenii, which was evidently found in the same areas had gone extinct as well until it was rediscovered by Wells in 1968 (US Fishing and Wildlife Services 1984).
	bss.sfsu.edu /holzman/courses/Fall99Projects/manzanita.html (1599 words)

	Crecimiento en poblaciones de Artemia franciscana y A. persimilis (Crustacea, Anostraca) en condiciones ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		franciscana tiende además a presentar mejor éxito colonizador si se introduce en nuevos hábitats, desplazando a la fauna nativa (Williams y Geddes 1991).
		La población de A. franciscana de Utah, tiene sobrevivencia óptima a salinidad entre 30 y 120 %o con 18° y 34°C, mientras que A.
		Effects of temperature and salinity on the biology of Artemia franciscana Kellog, from lake Grassmere, New Zeland.1.Growth and mortality.
	rbt.ots.ac.cr /revistas/49-2/delosrios/delorios.html (2270 words)

	[No title]
		franciscana A. monica populations found in this cytological survey is not so clear in electrophoretic: analyses, although low heterozygosity values for this population compared to the rest of the species (Abreu-Gobois, 1983) is indicative of having undergone recent bottlenecks.
		franciscana collected from the same locality in San Francisco Bay as that used for the present study has shown the chromocenters visualized with these dyes to constitute heterochromatic blocks in the chromosomes, rich in repetitive Alu I 110-bp fragments (Barigozzi et al., 1984).
		franciscana and the latter, in turn, are a subset of these in populations of the same species in North America, then duplication and amplification of a common ancestral repetitive sequence could have been involved.
	biblioweb.dgsca.unam.mx /cienciasdelmar/instituto/1989-2/articulo342.html (2601 words)

	Faculty and Researchers - James Clegg, Ph.D.
		Long-term anoxia in encysted embryos of the crustacean, Artemia franciscana: viability, ultrastructure and stress proteins.
		The metabolic status of quiescent and diapause embryos of Artemia franciscana.
		Effects of anaerobiosis on cysteine protease regulation during the embryonic-larval transition in Artemia franciscana.
	www.bml.ucdavis.edu /facresearch/clegg.html (476 words)

	Cetacean Bycatch Resource Center: ~ Bios: Eduardo Secchi ~
		Eduardo's PhD has been focused (just as his Master's was) on modelling the population dynamics of franciscana dolphins and the response of the populations to bycatch.
		Particularly in the case of franciscana dolphins, the socio-economic situation of the region wherein the species occurs will be considered.
		Mortality of franciscanas, Pontoporia blainvillei, in coastal gillneting in southern Brazil: 1994-1995.
	www.cetaceanbycatch.org /bios/secchi.htm (829 words)

	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Pontoporia blainvillei (Rio Grande do Sul/Uruguay subpopulation)
		The Franciscana dolphin inhabits shallow coastal and estuarine waters of tropical and temperate regions of the western South Atlantic Ocean.
		Thirty-four franciscanas (in 29 groups) were recorded during aerial surveys of coastal waters of Rio Grande do Sul State in 1996, giving a mean density of 0.657 individuals/sq.
		Andrade, A.L.V., Pinedo, M.C. and Pereira Jr., J. The gastrointestinal helminths of the Franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei, in southern Brazil.
	www.redlist.org /search/details.php?species=41761 (3984 words)

	Biogeography of Clarkia franciscana
		franciscana is a showy annual herb, roughly 12 inches tall, with four-pedaled lavender-pink flowers that bloom from May through July. Bright lavendar on the ends of the petals, the flower grows paler in color moving inward until it turns nearly white.
		franciscana vary more widely and are of a different sort than the variations and arrangements found in the two other species, and in general vary more widely than other members of the genus.
		The person doing the counting will carefully lay out a sample area that is X percent of the total area, count the number of individuals in the sample area, then extrapolate to the larger habitat.
	bss.sfsu.edu /holzman/courses/Fall%2003%20project/clarkia%20web%20site/clarkia.htm (3261 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 20, 6, June, 1933 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Bushy Dwarf appeared in the ratio of 1 : 422 from the haploid selfed (cultures 24.25 and 26.26, table 1), and Red Elongate appeared in the ratio of 1 : 41 from similar selfing (cultures 24.25, 26.25, and 27.41, table 2).
		In crosses in which the variants furnished the pollen with franciscana as the female parent (tables 3 and 4), the incidence of mutation was 1 : 1200 for Red Elongate and 1 : 2000 for Bushy Dwarf.
		When Bushy Dwarf and Red Elongate were pollinated by franciscana, the former appeared as 8.4 per cent of the total and the latter as 3.4 per cent (tables 3 and 4).
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001313.html (1399 words)

	Abstract: Measuring ecdygenic effects of municipal wastewaters in the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana: A new type of ...
		The objectives of this study were twofold: 1) to find biochemical endpoints related to the molting hormone ecdysone of the brine shrimp A.
		franciscana, and 2) to explore the ecdygenic properties of municipal wastewaters.
		Overall, the results suggest that the biomarkers examined in this study are responsive to ecdysone and that a primary-treated municipal effluent contains ecdygenic compounds.
	www.qc.ec.gc.ca /csl/eve/eve012_e.html (298 words)

	Monitoring the incidental mortality of cetaceans
		The identity of the franciscana stocks has been recently clarified and recently biological and genetic evidences led to the establishment of four management areas (hereafter referred to as FMA [Franciscana Management Areas] 1 to 4) (Secchi et al., 2001).
		Recent studies have proved that monitoring of franciscana mortality is imperative for the conservation of the species and results have provided substantial information for improving the management of the species.
		During the first year of regular monitoring, the franciscana was the only cetacean taken as bycatch in the fishery of Praia Grande.
	www.yaqupacha.de /debr1_02.htm (1229 words)

	Cetacea - Franciscana or La Plata River Dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Franciscana can be readily identified by its small dorsal and long beak.
		Although related to the river dolphins, the Franciscana is a marine species which lives within 30m on the shore, in waters less than 10m deep.
		There is no direct fishery for Franciscanas, but hundreds/thousands are killed annually in gillnets across all of their range.
	www.cetacea.org /new/species/francis.php (221 words)

	Arctostaphylos hookeri franciscana Franciscana Manzanita Franciscan Manzanita.
		Arctostaphylos hookeri franciscana Franciscana Manzanita's foliage color is Green, and type is Evergreen.
		Arctostaphylos hookeri franciscana Franciscana Manzanita's flower color is White.
		Arctostaphylos hookeri franciscana Franciscana Manzanita's fruit is edible..
	www.laspilitas.com /plants/52.htm (402 words)

	IngentaConnect Systematics of the Argyrotaenia franciscana (Lepidoptera: Tortric... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		IngentaConnect Systematics of the Argyrotaenia franciscana (Lepidoptera: Tortric...
		Moths of the Argyrotaenia franciscana species group represent a challenging case of evolutionary lability and taxonomic complexity in California.
		franciscana insulana is most simply interpreted as DNA polymorphism within a single species for which the oldest name is A.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/esa/aesa/1999/00000092/00000001/art00005 (247 words)

	IngentaConnect Presence of Franciscana Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) Remains ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Presence of Franciscana Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) Remains in the Stomach of a Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvieri) Captured in Southeastern Brazil
		The present record is the first report of interactions between this species of shark and franciscana dolphins in Brazilian waters.
		Further reports are necessary to determine if shark predation on franciscana dolphin is an important factor in its natural mortality in southeastern Brazil, where this species also is affected by coastal fisheries.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/eaam/am/2004/00000030/00000002/art00014 (313 words)

	High DNA Sequence Variability at the {alpha}1 Na/K-ATPase Locus of Artemia franciscana (Brine Shrimp): Polymorphism in ...
		1 Na/K-ATPase Locus of Artemia franciscana (Brine Shrimp): Polymorphism in a Gene for Salt-Resistance in a Salt-Resistant Organism
		franciscana or fixed (F) between species, and whether it is a silent (S) or replacement substitution (R, in bold type).
		The amino acid sequence of the other Artemia franciscana cDNA (c130) and genomic clones (g83, g11, g17, and g13) and Artemia parthenogenetica genomic clones (Apa) are shown underneath.
	mbe.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/full/17/2/235 (6352 words)

	Regulatory features of transcription in isolated mitochondria from Artemia franciscana embryos -- Eads and Hand 277 ...
		franciscana mitochondria incubated in medium B (Table 1).
		Oxidative phosphorylation and the realkalinization of intracellular pH during recovery from anoxia in Artemia franciscana embryos.
		Identification of a mitochondrial RNA polymerase in the crustacean Artemia franciscana.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/6/R1588 (5200 words)

	CSI Photo Gallery Page 37
		The World Conservation Union (IUCN) "Red List" includes the franciscana as "Data Deficient", but even though recent research is providing more information, it has yet to be verified and applied to make the dolphin's IUCN status "Vulnerable".
		Everyone agrees that the franciscana is the cetacean species most impacted by human activities in the western South Atlantic, especially by incidental catches in gillnet fisheries.
		Until that crisis is documented and solved, almost all research on the species is directed at conservation.
	csiwhalesalive.org /csigallery37.html (495 words)

	International study on Artemia. LXII. Genomic relationships between Artemia franciscana and A. persimilis, inferred ...
		franciscana occurred in a rather steady, continuous geographical pattern with an overlapping zone between both species.
		franciscana populations from the northern hemisphere, whilst the trait increased from this point towards southern latitudes with a population in Chilean Patagonia (below 52°S) exhibiting the highest chromocentre frequency.
		franciscana (although this species has a lower diploid chromosome number), might nevertheless reflect chromosomal reorganizations between the species.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/hdy/journal/v87/n2/abs/6888930a.html (292 words)

	Transcriptional initiation under conditions of anoxia-induced quiescence in mitochondria from Artemia franciscana ...
		In response to anoxia, embryos of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana
		Transcription by mitochondria isolated from Artemia franciscana embryos is depressed by anoxia and low pH.
		Regions of the mitochondrial genome of Artemia franciscana footprinted with dimethylsulfide (DMS).
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/206/3/577 (6759 words)

	Campaña Franciscana
		Por lo tanto, en el 4º "Workshop para Coordinación de la Investigación y Conservación de la Franciscana en el Atlántico Sudoccidental" se pidió formalmente a la IUCN que se la cambie de categoría pasándola a "vulnerable" o "en riesgo".
		El objetivo de este proyecto es presentar algunas alternativas posibles para acrecentar el conocimiento que de la Franciscana tienen las comunidades locales, las instituciones gubernamentales, el público en general, y en especial los chicos a fin de crear conciencia de la necesidad de conservar esta especie y su hábitat.
		Estudios de la biología y conservación de la franciscana se vienen llevando a cabo en la Argentina, Uruguay y Brasil.
	www.cethus.org /camp_franciscanaES.htm (1061 words)

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