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Topic: Francisco Xavier do Amaral

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	BBC NEWS \| Special Report \| 1999 \| 05/99 \| East Timor \| Profile: Francisco Xavier do Amaral
		But Mr do Amaral said that by standing, he was at least helping to uphold the principle of democracy by preventing a one-horse race.
		One of the founding leaders of pro-independence party Fretilin, Mr do Amaral was expelled from his own organisation in 1977 following a dispute over the tactics used to counter Indonesia's invasion.
		Moved to Jakarta in 1983, Mr do Amaral was a virtual prisoner of Indonesia for 22 years.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/special_report/1999/05/99/east_timor/1916419.stm (494 words)

	Francisco Xavier do Amaral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A founder of the Frente Revolucionaria de Timor Leste Independente (Fretilin), he was sworn in as President when the country, then a Portuguese colony, made a unilateral declaration of independence on November 28, 1975.
		In April 2002, Amaral ran against Xanana Gusmão in the presidential elections, but was soundly defeated.
		During the campaign he said that he fully expected to lose to Gusmão, but felt that running was symbolically important, demonstrating the strength of East Timor's democracy by ensuring that Gusmão had competition in the race.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Francisco_Xavier_do_Amaral (242 words)

	Timor Timur, Xanana Gusmao, dan Francisco Xavier do Amaral - Selasa, 16 April 2002
		Namun, Francisco Xavier do Amaral, yang pernah menjabat sebagai Presiden Timtim selama sembilan hari sejak 28 November 1975, menilai pemilihan tidak akan demokratis jika hanya ada satu kandidat.
		Karena itu, Xavier pun lalu bersedia dijadikan kandidat presiden.
		Baik Xanana maupun Xavier menunjukkan sikap yang tetap bersahabat, meski ada perbedaan pendapat di antara keduanya.
	www.kompas.com /kompas-cetak/0204/16/ln/timo02.htm (626 words)

	Fretilin's First President Announces New 'Third Way' Party
		The first president of East Timor's Fretilin party, Francisco Xavier do Amaral, announced Wednesday plans for a new political movement, a Fretilin "third way" aiming to serve as either a "pole for union" of party factions or an "alternative" for the elections next August.
		Xavier do Amaral said Wednesday that his new movement, to be known as either the Fretilin-ASDT or the PDT (Timorese Democratic Party), will be officially founded in April if other Fretilin leaders do not heed his call to unite.
		The flag is a major focus of debate at a time when symbols and well-known figures are determinant fixtures of the East Timorese political stage, setting those calling for restoration of the republic proclaimed in 1975 by Fretilin against those defending the proclamation of an independent republic at the end of the current transition process.
	www.etan.org /et2001a/march/25-31/28freti.htm (511 words)

	Gusmao faces tough ride after predicted election victory
		Amaral, 66, was president for nine days in 1975 between East Timor's first independence declaration and Indonesia's invasion.
		Amaral began secretly campaigning for East Timor's independence in the 1960s when it was a neglected but harshly-ruled Portuguese colony.
		Amaral fought with the Falantil guerrillas, the military wing of Fretilin, until he was captured by Indonesian troops in 1979 and brought to Bali island.
	www.etan.org /et2002b/april/07-13/09gusmao.htm (1611 words)

	Francisco Xavier do Amaral \| THG Lexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Francisco Xavier do Amaral (* 1937) ist ein osttimoresischer Politiker und einer der Gründer der FRETILIN (Frente Revolucionaria de Timor Leste Independente).
		Amaral wurde aufgrund der Gefechte mit dem indonesischen Militär oft verlegt.
		Amaral kam unter Hausarrest, zuerst in Bali, ab 1983 in Jakarta, bis Indonesien sich 1999 aus Osttimor zurückzog.
	www.thgweb.de /lexikon/Francisco_Xavier_do_Amaral (240 words)

	Radio Australia - Asia Pacific - Programs - EAST TIMOR: Xanana Gusmao a candidate in presidential elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		DE FREITAS: The contender is a man by the name of Francisco Xavier Do Amaral, prominent for being East Timor's first ever president back in 1975 when Fretilin declared independence some nine days before the Indonesian takeover.
		XAVIER DO AMARAL: "When you have to elect, you must elect between at least two, if only one there's no way to make a elections, if we put only one candidate it means that we have no clear idea about democracy."
		DE FREITAS: Few are giving Xavier Do Amaral much of a chance, but Joah Freitas believes it's a good thing that he's standing.
	www.abc.net.au /ra/asiapac/programs/s490238.htm (734 words)

	theage.com.au - The Age -
		Francisco Xavier do Amaral said the two parties supporting him in the April 14 poll would drop their logos from ballot papers, following a threat by Gusmao to withdraw from the election over the issue.
		Amaral said he would write to the commission tomorrow stating his decision had been taken "under no pressure whatsoever".
		Amaral, 66, was president for nine days in 1975 when the former Portuguese colony declared independence, only to be invaded by Indonesia just over a week later.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2002/03/12/1015909852539.html (332 words)

	Index Am-Aq
		Amaral became the first president of the Democratic Republic of East Timor proclaimed by the Fretilin movement on Nov. 28, 1975.
		Amaral was overthrown (1978), held in an underground cell, and tortured with hot irons.
		In the 1990s, with General Dading dying and the general's children uneasy with a Timorese in their home, Amaral bought a tiny plot of land in Jakarta and built a shack.
	www.rulers.org /indexa3.html (8044 words)

	smh.com.au - Fretilin fails to halt Gusmao landslide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mr do Amaral recorded about 28 per cent of the vote nationwide while there were 3.26 per cent informal votes.
		The gap between the two candidates is expected to widen as final figures come in, given that Mr do Amaral's strongest constituencies were counted first.
		Mr do Amaral, 66, who was briefly president of a republic declared by Fretilin in 1975 as Indonesian troops advanced on Dili, said earlier he would be glad to lose.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2002/04/16/1018333526990.html (569 words)

	Security Council Hears Details of Free and Fair Elections in East Timor
		Also, Francisco Xavier do Amaral, the leader of the Timorese Social Democratic Association (ASDT), which came in fourth with 7.8 per cent of the vote and six seats, had announced his willingness to form a coalition with FRETILIN.
		The Timorese Social Democratic Association (ASDT), led by Francisco Xavier do Amaral, came in fourth place, with 7.8 per cent of the vote and six seats.
		In an interesting development, he said, the leader of the ASDT, Francisco Xavier Amaral, had announced his willingness to form a coalition with FRETILIN.
	www.unis.unvienna.org /unis/pressrels/2001/sc7139.html (5127 words)

	SABCnews.com - world/asia1pacific
		Francisco Xavier do Amaral said the two parties which support him in the April 14 poll would drop their logos from ballot papers, following a threat by Gusmao to withdraw from the election over the logos.
		Amaral said he would write to the commission on Wednesday stating the decision which had been taken "under no pressure whatsoever."
		Amaral (66) was president for nine days in 1975 when the former Portuguese colony declared independence, only to be invaded by Indonesia just over a week later on December 7.
	www.sabcnews.com /world/asia1pacific/0,2172,30063,00.html (457 words)

	Dili, February 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		East Timor Transitional Administrator Sergio Vieira de Mello welcomed the announcement today by presidential candidate Francisco Xavier do Amaral and his supporters to ask the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) to remove all party symbols from the ballot for the upcoming election.
		By agreeing to the removal of their party symbols from the ballot, ASDT and Parentil have fulfilled the IEC’s condition that an established procedure can only be changed through the agreement of all parties, and in a way that treats all parties equally.
		The Transitional Administrator praised this solution by Francisco Xavier do Amaral and his supporters as one that respects the authority of the IEC while addressing the concerns of presidential candidate Xanana Gusmão.
	www.un.org /peace/etimor/DB/db120302.htm (1150 words)

	CNN.com - East Timor votes for first president - April 13, 2002
		In a display of unity rarely seen in presidential elections elsewhere the two candidates in the vote walked to their polling station arm in arm Sunday to cast their ballot.
		Former guerilla leader Xanana Gusmao is widely expected to dominate the vote, easily beating Francisco Xavier do Amaral who briefly held the post of East Timorese president before the Indonesian invasion in 1975.
		Do Amaral, for his part, has said he is resigned to coming in second, saying he is running largely to give East Timorese a choice.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/04/13/timor.vote (431 words)

	RTE News - Polling in East Timor's first presidential election
		Former freedom fighter and independence hero, Xanana Gusmao, is the overwhelming favourite to win the election, which is being contested by one other candidate, Francisco Xavier do Amaral.
		Amaral has hinted that he is standing to ensure there is a democratic contest.
		It was Amaral who proclaimed and presided over the Democratic Republic of East Timor in 1975 after the Portuguese withdrew.
	www.rte.ie /news/2002/0414/easttimor.html (296 words)

	CNN.com - Campaigning ends for Timor presidency vote - April 13, 2002
		His only opponent on the ballot sheet for Sunday's vote is Francisco Xavier do Amaral, who held the East Timorese presidency for nine days in 1975, just before Indonesian armed forces invaded the territory.
		Although the country has received millions of dollars in aid since then, it is expected to remain dependent on overseas assistance for many years yet.
		Do Amaral, who acknowledges he has little hope of scoring anything more than a landslide defeat, has said the main reason he is running is to provide a choice for East Timor's 430,000 voters.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/04/12/timor.vote (601 words)

	Initial results show Gusmao heading for landslide victory in Timor elections: 4/16/02
		With 64 percent of the 78,500 votes cast Sunday in the capital Dili counted, Gusmao was leading with 79 percent.
		His only challenger, Francisco Xavier do Amaral, had garnered 18 percent.
		Do Amaral served as president for nine days after four centuries of Portuguese colonial rule collapsed in 1975 and before Indonesia invaded on Dec. 7, 1975.
	www.s-t.com /daily/04-02/04-16-02/a07wn044.htm (323 words)

	CAVR UPDATE / December 03–January 04 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		To speak openly and truthfully of events of this period, and to do so in a spirit of seeking to understand and to reach out across divisions, was also seen to be a vital aspect of the CAVR’s reconciliation work.
		With Dom Basilio do Nascimento opening the hearing, and President Xanana Gusmao closing, the event took on a national significance matched by the spirit of those testifying to come forward in an open and conciliatory way, seeking to help heal wounds and build the basis of new national relationships.
		The goal for us is to courageously seek the best way to do this, to move forward not weighed down by the past … The process which we will undertake together over the next four days is intended to assist in healing the wounds of the past.
	www.easttimor-reconciliation.org /cavrUpdate-Dec03Jan04-en.html (11728 words)

	Khaleej Times - Online
		Mr Do Amaral, who said he was running only to provide the electorate a choice, had no immediate plans to concede defeat, his supporters said.
		Mr Do Amaral served as president for nine days after four centuries of Portuguese colonial rule collapsed and before Indonesia invaded on December 7, 1975.
		The IEC said a total of 378,538 votes were cast in Sunday's ballot, in which Gusmao had been widely predicted to eclipse do Amaral.
	www.khaleejtimes.co.ae /ktarchive/170402/theworld.htm (5180 words)

	printarticle.
		Symbolising a new era of peace in East Timor, the fledgling nation's two presidential candidates embraced yesterday as voting began in a history-making election that marks one of the last steps towards full independence.
		The candidates - former resistance leader Jose "Xanana" Gusmao and parliamentary Deputy Speaker Francisco Xavier do Amaral - upheld the friendly spirit of the campaign as they arrived to vote at St Paulus School in central Dili.
		Mr do Amaral, the leader of a short-lived independence bid in 1975, kissed his rival's baby, apparently in affection rather than as a political gesture, before the two entered the polling station together.
	www.theage.com.au /cgi-bin/common/printArticle.pl?path=/articles/2002/04/14/1018333463485.html (468 words)

	East Timor Travel Tips
		Do not drink tap water unless it has been boiled, filtered, or chemically disinfected.
		Do not eat fruits or vegetables unless they have been peeled or cooked.
		Do not eat raw or undercooked meat or fish.
	www.southtravels.com /pacific/easttimor/traveltips.html (3179 words)

	East Timor - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		The leftist Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (FRETILIN) triumphed, and on November 28th FRETILIN established the Democratic Republic of East Timor, with Francisco Xavier do Amaral as its president.
		A constituent assembly, charged with writing a constitution for East Timor, was elected in Sept., 2001.
		In Apr., 2002, José Alexandre "Xanana" Gusmão, a former guerrilla leader, defeated Xavier do Amaral for the presidency, and the following month East Timor became an independent nation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-EastTimor.html (1335 words)

	Spectator.co.nz communications management professionals
		In 11 of these 12, Xanana Gusmao has polled considerably more votes than his opponent Francisco Xavier Do Amaral.
		Gusmão has won 11 districts and a total of 267,615 votes while Legislative Assembly Vice President Francisco Xavier do Amaral has captured one district and a total of 57,536 votes.
		After all the ballots were accounted for during the first phase of the counting process, the official number of total votes was determined to be 378,538 - or 86.2 per cent of the estimated voter population.
	www.spectator.co.nz /state-of-it/peaceful-vote.htm (489 words)

	Political Parties Politics East Timor Paige Johnson Tan
		Francisco Xavier do Amaral, President of the Fretilin-declared Democratic Republic of East Timor in the 1970s, founded ASDT in April 2001, and just months later the party secured 7.8% of the vote in the PR races and 6 of 88 seats in parliament.
		Do Amaral is particularly popular among Mambae-speaking East Timorese, and the ASDT vote was concentrated in these Mambae areas, particularly the districts of Ainaro, Aileu, and Manufahi.
		It is, however, supported by prominent individuals from the political parties, including Francisco Xavier do Amaral of ASDT and Abilio de Araujo of the Nationalist Party of Timor (PNT).
	people.uncw.edu /tanp/polsocpartieset.html (9416 words)

	smh.com.au - Xanana tipped for landslide victory
		A high voter turnout is expected despite reports that some people were being encouraged to spoil their ballots in order to minimise what is expected to be an overwhelming vote for former resistance leader Jose Alexandre Xanana Gusmao.
		Campaigning for the votes of the more than 439,000 electors ended yesterday with a vehicle parade for Xanana's supporters and a full day of speeches and cultural events held by his only rival, Francisco Xavier do Amaral.
		Xavier has already been president of East Timor from November 28, 1975, when Fretilin declared independence from colonial rulers Portugal until Indonesia invaded on December 7.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2002/04/13/1018333432418.html (356 words)

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