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	Sicilian Culture: News: Obituary: Frank Gasparro, 92; Chief Engraver at US Mint
		October 3 2001 - - Frank Gasparro, former chief engraver of the U.S. Mint, whose designs ranged from the Lincoln Memorial side of the penny to the Susan B. Anthony dollar, died Saturday at a hospital in Havertown, Pa. He was 92.
		Gasparro was appointed chief engraver by President Lyndon Johnson in 1965 and held the position until he retired in 1981.
		Gasparro went to the offices of the old Philadelphia Bulletin and found two pictures of the early feminist--one when she was 28 and the other when she was 84.
	www.sicilianculture.com /news/gasparro.htm (925 words)

	NPR's All Things Considered -- Obit: Grank Gasparro, Penny Designer
		Gasparro was an engraver at the U.S. Mint and his Lincoln Memorial design graces the “tails” side of the Lincoln penny.
		Gasparro started as a junior engraver with America’s coin-making agency in 1942 and rose to become the Mint’s lead engraver, a post held for 16 years.
		But Gasparro, who once dreamed of being a sculptor, was particularly proud of the penny, his daughter recalled.
	www.npr.org /programs/atc/features/2001/oct/011003.penny.html (602 words)

	obitpage.com :: great obits archive :: G (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Frank Gasparro, who as an engraver at the United States Mint designed the tails side of the current Lincoln penny, showing the Lincoln Memorial, died on Saturday in Havertown, Pa. He was 92.
		Frank Gasparro was born in Philadelphia, the eldest of seven children, on Aug. 26, 1909, just 24 days after the introduction of the Lincoln cent.
		Gasparro agreed, but refused to take out his initials and the tiny statue of Lincoln between the sixth and seventh columns, two features his boss said would look like smudges of dirt.
	www.obitpage.com /obits/g/gasparro_frank.html (819 words)

	Numismatic Articles
		He was Frank Gasparro and his masterpiece is the Lincoln Memorial design engraved on the reverse side of every American one-cent piece minted since 1959.
		Gasparro's most popular and ironically his penultimate piece as the Chief Engraver was a commemorative medal issued in 1980 to honor the recently deceased actor, John Wayne (1907-1979).
		Gasparro was succeeded by Elizabeth Jones who would be the last Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint before the post was abolished ten years later.
	coins.heritageauctions.com /features/numisarticles.php?id=157 (2296 words)

	Featured Article - Jefferson Coin and Bullion, Inc. - The Leader in Wealth Enhancement Through Precious Metals and Rare ...
		So it was that way for nearly two decades; Gasparro toiled in relative obscurity, working primarily on more or less menial tasks, such as sharpening dies and adding the tiny mint marks that identified coins from the two branch mints.
		Gasparro is a simple man himself, and he, too, is widely admired for that trait.
		Gasparro was understandably disappointed to see his design retired (although it did enjoy a curtain call in 1999, when the Mint produced it again for just one year to satisfy demand for mini-dollar coins in vending machines and other mechanical devices).
	www.jeffersoncoinandbullion.com /article42.shtml (2226 words)

	FRANK GASPARRO' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Frank Gasparro was the U.S. Mint's chief engraver when discussion of a smaller-sized dollar coin came about.
		The mintage for this ANA convention medal is 400.
		Ultimately, both of Gasparro's original submissions were rejected in favor of a portrait of the suffragist who lead the fight granting women the right to vote.
	home.earthlink.net /~smalldollars/dollar/page04.html (317 words)

	Frank Gasparro - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Frank Gasparro designed both the obverse and reverse of the Susan B. Anthony Dollar.
		Besides designing the Susan B. Anthony Dollar, he also designed the Lincoln Memorial reverse on the Cent, the reverse of the Kennedy Half Dollar, the obverse and reverse of the Eisenhower Dollar, and numerous other medals for the U.S. Mint and other private ventures.
		Gasparro was born in Philadelphia on August 26, 1909 and died on September 29, 2001.
	home.earthlink.net /~smalldollars/dollar/page13.html (97 words)

	U.S. Treasury - Fact Sheet on the History of the Lincoln Cent
		February 12, 1959, a revised reverse design was introduced as part of the 150th anniversary of Lincoln's birth.
		Frank Gasparro, then Assistant Engraver at the Philadelphia Mint, prepared the winning entry, selected from a group of 23 models that the engraving staff at the Mint had been asked to present for consideration.
		Again, only the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury was necessary to make the change because the design had been in use for more than the required 25 years.
	www.treas.gov /education/fact-sheets/currency/lincoln-cent.shtml (962 words)

	Amazon.com: "Frank Gasparro": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Though Victor D. Brenner's original heraldic reverse of 1909 was supplanted by Frank Gasparro's depiction of the Lincoln Memorial beginning in 1959, the profile of Abraham Lincoln has become perhaps the most univer- sally...
		Designed by Frank Gasparro, it pictures the Lincoln Memorial building in Washington, D.C. From 1909-42 the Lincoln cent had a composition of 95% copper...
		The portrait by Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro was drawn both from memory and from a photograph...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Frank-Gasparro (554 words)

	CoinPeople.com > Eisenhower Dollar
		Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro was directed to prepare the models in as little time as necessary.
		Anticipating this coinage, Gasparro had already begun work; his galvano for the obverse bore the date 1970, even though the first Ike dollars were dated 1971.
		Gasparro's initials FG are on the truncation of the bust.
	www.coinpeople.com /lofiversion/index.php/t972.html (1389 words)

	Frank Gasparro -- an Honorary Unsubscribe
		His name is not well known, but if you live in the U.S. this engraver's art is probably in your pocket or purse.
		Gasparro went to work for the U.S. Mint in 1942, and by 1965 was its Chief Engraver.
		Gasparro died September 29 in Pennsylvania after a fall.
	www.honoraryunsubscribe.com /frank_gasparro.html (487 words)

	Koala Coins - Numismatics Frank Gasparro
		Frank Gasparro designed the reverse of the 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar.
		Frank Gasparro: Portraitist of America's Pocket Art' Frank Gasparro isn't a household name...
		Honoring both President Dwight D. this design is the work of Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro, whose initials are on the truncation of the...
	www.koala.gr /coins/29/numismatics--frank-gasparro.php (208 words)

	Eisenhower Dollars
		The innovative obverse and reverse designs are the work of Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro.
		Since the quarter, half dollar and dollar were to have the dual dates of 1776-1976, the Mint froze the 1974 date and none of these coins bear the 1975 date.
		A new reverse was to be mated to Frank Gasparro's Eisenhower dollar obverse from a nationwide competition for bicentennial designs.
	www.coincentric.com /EisenhowerDollars.htm (551 words)

	fundacion.gif
		Responding to a question posed by Larson, former U.S. Mint Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro said, “I did engrave all the dies.
		They were designed to strike experimental or trial coins, because it is illegal to strike official U.S. coins outside of the Mint.” In response to a follow up question, Gasparro reiterated, “All those for the GM project, I made.” In addition to the patterns, the coin roller produced Lincoln Cents.
		Gasparro or his staff raised concerns about the nature of the dies he was directed to prepare may never be known.
	www.segoviamint.org /fundacion/espanol/articulos/philadelphiamint.htm (3814 words)

	FRANK GASPARRO DIES
		The E-Sylum: Volume 4, Number 42, October 14, 2001, Article 3 FRANK GASPARRO DIES Dick Johnson wrote the following obituary of the late Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro for the American Medallic Sculpture Association.
		It is published here with permission: Frank Gasparro, who held America's highest office for creating coins and medals died September 29, 2001.
		Frank Gasparro will be listed in the new directory of American coin and medal artists being compiled by AMSA member Dick Johnson.
	www.coinbooks.org /esylum_v04n42a03.html (457 words)

	Numismatic Information - Clad Dollars (1971 - 1999)
		Honoring both President Eisenhower and the first landing of man on the moon, the Eisenhower Dollar is the work of Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro, whose initials are on the truncation and below the eagle.
		The reverse is and adaptation of the official Apollo 11 insignia.
		Both designs, obverse and reverse, were the work of Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro.
	www.centercoin.com /coin_information/library/clad_dollars_1971_1981.htm (226 words)

	Science News Online (6/6/98): Melanoma Madness The scientific flap over sunscreens and skin cancer -- Epidemiological ...
		Frank Gasparro of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia says the academy had a knee-jerk reaction to Berwick's talk.
		Gasparro, who organized the AAAS session, says Berwick accurately portrayed the data on sunscreen and skin cancer.
		Sunscreens effectively block the ultraviolet B radiation that causes sunburn, Gasparro says, but they don't all shield the skin from potentially harmful ultraviolet A rays.
	www.sciencenews.org /sn_arc98/6_6_98/bob1.htm (1327 words)

	Cameo CC Coin Collecting - About Cameo CC
		In 1959, Frank Gasparro changed the reverse to “memorialize” the 150th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth.
		In 1964, Gilroy Roberts and Frank Gasparro co-designed the Kennedy Half-Dollar.
		In 1971, Frank Gasparro designed this dollar honoring both President Eisenhower and the first landing on the moon.
	www.cameocc.com /webdocs/catalogsummary.aspx (2091 words)

	POL: ASP 68th Council Meeting
		President Dr Frank Gasparro toasted the outgoing president A Girotti and the first 25 years of the ASP.
		President Gasparro commented on the late arrival of some of the programme material of the Atlanta meeting.
		Dr Gasparro said that he would write to the advisory committee (when established) to inform them that Council wants to initiate the awards as soon as possible.
	www.kumc.edu /POL/ASP_Home/Meetings/asp_68cn.html (2365 words)

	FRANK GASPARRO GILROY ROBERTS Autograph
		The first of the John F. Kennedy half dollars for general circulation purposes were struck at the Mints in Philadelphia and Denver on February 11, 1964...." Two actual 1964 JFK half-dollars have been glued to this page next to their printed images.
		GILROY ROBERTS (1905-1992) and FRANK GASPARRO (1909-2001) were the 9th and 10th Chief Engravers of the United States.
		Roberts held that office from 1948 to 1964, and was succeeded by Gasparro, who served until 1981.
	www.historyforsale.com /html/prodetails.asp?documentid=171161 (301 words)

	The History of The United States Penny Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		On February 12, 1959, a revised reverse was introduced as a part of the 150th anniversary celebration of the Great Emancipator's birth.
		Frank Gasparro, the Assistant Engraver at the Mint in Philadelphia, prepared the winning entry, selected from a group of 23 models the engraving staff at the Mint had been asked to present for consideration.
		Gasparro's initials, FG, appear on the right, near the shrubbery.
	www.pennies.org /history/four.html (154 words)

	Libertas Token Facts
		The "Gasparro dies" feature a "Young Lady's Head" obverse that is paired with a reverse that is very similar to the reverses found on the "Libertas Americana" tokens.
		Clearly, Gasparro would not have patterned his G.M. "Roller Press -Young Lady's Head" reverse die design, complete with nonsensical legends and the exact four-digit number found on the "Libertas Americana" tokens, if they had no connection to the U.S. Mint.
		It is probable that Gasparro patterned his die from designs available in-house.
	koinpro.tripod.com /Articles/LibertasToken.htm (1425 words)

	Lincoln Cent
		The Lincoln Memorial reverse of 1959 was designed by Frank Gasparro and honors Lincoln's 150th anniversary of his birth.
		Frank Gasparro's "FG" initials are found to the right of the Lincoln Memorial at the base on the reverse on cents dated 1959 to date.
		Lincoln cents minted from 1909 to 1942 are bronze (copper, tin and zinc) like the Indian Head cent produced before them.
	www.shawneecoin.com /library/us_1c_lin.html (1195 words)

	Design Types of U.S. Coins (Early Years) - Page 1 - PCGS Coin Guide
		The Liberty Cap motif, the symbol of freedom derived from the cap given to slaves freed in ancient times, occurs over a long period in American numismatics, particularly as part of the Liberty Seated design used on silver coinage of the 1837-1891 span.
		Interestingly, Frank Gasparro, chief engraver of the Philadelphia Mint, proposed a revival of the Liberty Cap design, quite similar to that used on early cents and half cents, when Congress proposed issuing a new metallic dollar in the late 1970s.
		However, the pressure of special interests prevailed, and the liberty cap design was not to be.
	www.pcgs.com /coinguidetext/display_chapter.chtml?chapter=design (402 words)

	Supplement to Silver Dollars at Mintmark.com
		Honoring both President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the first landing of man on the moon, this design is the work of Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro, whose initials are on the truncation and below the eagle.
		The reverse is an adaptation of the official Apollo 11 insignia.
		Both obverse and reverse designs were the work of Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint, Frank Gasparro, whose initials FG are located below the portrait and the eagle.
	www.mintmark.com /supplement_silverdollars.html (1357 words)

	Frank Gasparro’s “Freedom for All” Commemoratives Available for First Time -- Coin News -- Panda ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Frank Gasparro, Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint from February 23, 1965 to January 16, 1981, designed a salute to America soon after General Schwarzkopf led coalition troops to victory in the first Gulf War in 1991.
		Besides designing the Susan B. Anthony Dollar, Gasparro also designed the Lincoln Memorial reverse on the Cent, the reverse of the Kennedy Half Dollar, the obverse and reverse of the Eisenhower Dollar, and numerous other medals for the U.S. Mint.
		For the first time, Gasparro's “Freedom for All” designs appear on cameo prooflike brilliant uncirculated pure silver commemoratives.
	www.pandaamerica.com.cob-web.org:8888 /NEWS_FrankGasparro_3_2_04.ASP (411 words)

	POL: ASP 75th Council Meeting
		Dr Gasparro proposed Dr John Spikes as an excellent and willing candidate for this post, who would be helped by Dr Gasparro.
		Dr Gasparro informed Council that a law firm in Philadelphia was drawing up the relevant legal documents.
		Dr Gasparro suggested that it would be timely to have a new edition of The Science of Photobiology, as the last (2nd edition) was published in 1989.
	www.kumc.edu /POL/ASP_Home/Meetings/asp_75cn.html (2658 words)

	FLEISHER GASPARRO SCHOLARSHIP
		A Numismatic News "Viewpoint" article (August 27, 2002 issue) by Don Carlucci outlines efforts establishing the Frank Gasparro Memorial Fellowship Fund at The Samuel S. Fleisher Art Memorial, the nation's oldest tuition-free art school.
		Chief Engraver Gasparro "continued to work, teach and sculpt at the Fleisher school long after he had retired from his duties at the Mint." The Pennsylvania Association of Numismatists (PAN) donated $5,000 to kick off the fund drive.
		To contribute to the fund, checks may be sent to: Frank Gasparro Memorial Fund (FGMF) c/o The Madison Bank 8000 Veree Road Philadelphia, PA 19111
	www.coinbooks.org /esylum_v05n36a03.html (244 words)

	The SBA Dollar: A Retrospective
		Lending support to Anthony's portrait was Frank Gasparro, chief engraver of the Mint, and creator of both the Anthony and Flowing Hair Liberty motifs.
		Gasparro argued, "The Anthony design for the dollar coin will serve as a teaching tool.
		Chief Engraver of the United States Mint Frank Gasparro (shown) created the Susan B. Anthony portrait as well as the proposed Flowing Hair Liberty design.
	maddys-treasure.com /Library/SBA/sba_retro.htm (4097 words)

	pubs
		But Dr. Gasparro is one of many leading scientists who worry that even the strongest sunscreen may not be protecting people against the deadliest skin cancer.
		But there is preliminary evidence that piling on the sunscreen might actually put you at higher risk by letting you spend more time outdoors.
		While a lot of cancer experts agree, Gasparroís conclusions invoke the rage of many skin doctors, dermatologists, who have been hailing the virtues of sunscreens for years.
	www.fotondoc.com /pubs.html (751 words)

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