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Topic: Frank Pantridge

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	Guardian \| Frank Pantridge
		Pantridge pointed out that since two-thirds of deaths occurred in the first hour after the onset of an attack, it would make more sense to take the defibrillator to the patient by way of a specialist "heart ambulance".
		Pantridge was first to point out that damage could be minimised and blood pressure stabilised if remedial action was taken as soon as possible to normalise the patient's heart rate.
		Pantridge was born in Northern Ireland, on a farm on the outskirts of Hillsborough, Co Down.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,5096685-103684,00.html (887 words)

	Frank Pantridge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		James Francis "Frank" Pantridge ( October 3, 1916, Hillsborough â“ 26 December 2004) was a Northern Ireland physician and cardiologist who transformed emergency medicine and paramedic services with the invention of the portable defibrillator.
		Frank Pantridge returned to Northern Ireland in 1950, and was appointed as cardiac consultant to the Royal Victoria Hospital and professor at Queen's University, where he remained until his retirement in 1982.
		Although he was known worldwide as the "Father of Emergency Medicine", Frank Pantridge was less acclaimed in his own country, and was saddened that it took until 1990 for all front-line ambulances in the UK to be fitted with defibrillators.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frank_Pantridge (454 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Pantridge, who was based at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast, doubted the value of these, since epidemiological data had shown that the majority of coronary deaths were sudden, and thus occurred outside hospital.
		Pantridge suggested that, if the problem lay outside hospital, ventricular defibrillation should be corrected where it occurred, in the workplace, the home, the street or in an ambulance.
		Pantridge thought that a similar circuit should operate from the chest surface, and he discussed this with Mirowski on a train journey between Ghent and Amsterdam in 1976.
	www.aedinstructorfoundation.org /article.html?id=105 (1112 words)

	jems.com -- "The Paramedics" by James O. Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The foreigner who had the greatest influence on EMS in America, however, was J. Frank Pantridge, physician in charge of the Department of Cardiology at Belfast’s Royal Victoria Hospital (Ireland) and professor of cardiology at that city's Queens University.
		Pantridge was influenced by the factor of time in treating prehospital episodes of acute myocardial infarction.
		Pantridge noted that more than 60% of the young and middle-age males who had died from this form of heart attack, did so within one hour of the onset of symptoms.
	www.jems.com /paramedics/ch1.html (1365 words)

	Professor Frank Pantridge \| Obituaries \| News \| Telegraph
		Pantridge, who was based at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast, doubted the value of these, since epidemiological data had shown that the majority of coronary deaths were sudden, and thus occurred outside hospital.
		Pantridge suggested that, if the problem lay outside hospital, ventricular defibrillation should be corrected where it occurred, in the workplace, the home, the street or in an ambulance.
		Pantridge returned to Belfast in 1950, and was appointed Physician to the Royal Victoria Hospital, where he remained until his retirement in 1982.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/12/29/db2902.xml (1157 words)

	Frank Pantridge -- Evans 330 (7494): 793 Data Supplement - Longer version -- BMJ
		Frank was aware of epidemiological studies in America that showed that mortality in myocardial infarction was highest in the very early hours, ie a significant proportion of death was sudden.
		Frank’s innovations continued: the introduction of the first truly portable defibrillator in 1968, weighing roughly the same as a newborn baby, and the concept of the automatic defibrillator which Frank first conceived on Saturday 6 March 1976 on a train travelling between Ghent and Amsterdam.
		Frank was presented with a statuette of a gaucho by the president of Uruguay.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/330/7494/793/DC1 (2716 words)

	Remembering Dr. Frank Pantridge, 1916-2004 — Emergency Medical Services (EMSResponder.com)
		Pantridge, called by some “the father of emergency medicine,” invented the portable defibrillator in 1965 while working at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast and installed the first device, which operated on car batteries, in an ambulance.
		Retired emergency physician Eugene Nagel describes Pantridge as “a crusty guy, who had a profound contempt for government and public figures and was sometimes almost impossible to deal with.
		Pantridge became a cardiologist in the early years of that specialty, says Nagel, and carried it back to Ireland, where he went to the homes of people who were presumably having a heart attack and treated them in their home.
	www.emsresponder.com /publication/article.jsp?pubId=1&id=1875 (571 words)

	The Ultimate EMS Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In 1966, Pantridge developed a defibrillator that operated on car batteries and weighed 70 kilos, enabling acute coronary care to be taken from the hospital and out into the community where Pantridge believed it was desperately needed.
		Pantridge's hope was to use his coronary care unit to reach patients experiencing an acute MI quickly enough to prevent the heart from going into ventricular fibrillation.
		Frank Pantridge was born on October 3, 1916, near the village of Hillsborough, Co Down.
	www.merginet.net /index.cfm?pg=industry&fn=PantridgeDies (444 words)

	Pioneer who took defibrillator on the road - Obituaries - www.smh.com.au (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Pantridge was born in Northern Ireland, on a farm in County Down.
		Pantridge was incarcerated at Changi before moving north to work on the infamous Burma railway.
		Pantridge was unquestionably focused and brilliant, and he brought about unique advances in cardiology.
	www.smh.com.au /news/Obituaries/Pioneer-who-took-defibrillator-on-the-road/2005/02/01/1107228699568.html (897 words)

	Lisburn mourns death of a medical genius
		Professor Frank Pantridge, a native of Hillsborough who saved countless lives throughout the world by inventing the portable defibrillator, passed away in the Royal Victoria Hospital earlier this week aged 88.
		However, it was not until 1990, almost 25 years after he installed the first defibrillator in a Belfast ambulance that Secretary of State for Health Kenneth Clarke announced £38 million was to be made available to equip all frontline ambulances in England with the equipment.
		Professor Pantridge was born on the outskirts of Hillsborough on October 3, 1916 and was educated at Friends School.
	www.lisburn.com /history/memories/professor_pantridge.html (666 words)

	Charlottesville-Albemarle Rescue Squad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Richard Crampton, a cardiologist affiliated with the University of Virginia Hospital, was one of the pioneers of this technique in the United States, adapting it from the physician-staffed mobile unit developed by Dr. Frank Pantridge in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
		Frank Pantridge of Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, developed a rapid response system for dealing with cardiac emergencies.
		By carrying emergency coronary care into the community, Pantridge was able to resuscitate patients in cardiac arrest.
	www.rescue1.org /about/first_ems_grant.asp (757 words)

	Project 51: History
		In the jungles of Malaya in 1942, a young Northern Irishman named Frank Pantridge was awarded the Military Cross, an honor rarely bestowed upon a physician in the Royal Army Medical Corps.
		After returning to Belfast and the Royal Victoria Hospital, Pantridge began research on the relationship between cardiac beriberi and sudden death, an interest that led to the world's first mobile coronary care unit in 1965.
		Pantridge was inspired by an article describing American servicemen in the Second World War, between the ages of 18 and 36, who had died of heart attacks.
	www.clafma.org /project51/project51history.html (796 words)

	A shock to the heart
		A cardiologist from the Royal Victoria hospital, Dr Frank Pantridge is credited with inventing not only the first defibrillator that could be moved from place to place, but also with coming up with the idea of the first cardiac ambulance.
		Before Pantridge, defibrillators used to be huge bulky devices that had enormous capacitors inside to store all the energy they required.
		Over the years they designed a range of defibrillators called the Pantridge defibrillators which were very different to the rest of the technology available".
	www.irishhealth.com /index.html?level=4&id=2546&var=print (1486 words)

	eMJA: O'Rourke, Defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Pantridge asked the question "Is property more important than life?".
		In strife-torn Belfast, Pantridge's idea lapsed because no system was available at the time for automatic recognition of ventricular defibrillation, so the device had to be used in the manual mode, and could have been used as a weapon.
		The management of the acute coronary attack: the J Frank Pantridge Festschrift.
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/172_02_170100/orourke/orourke.html (1022 words)

	last link on the left > final credits > december 2004
		In the 1950s, Pantridge noted that the majority of coronary deaths were sudden, and thus occurring outside of hospitals.
		Pantridge was labelled the "father of emergency medicine" and his device was rapidly adopted in America and elsewhere.
		After the war, Pantridge was appointed Physician to the Royal Victoria Hospital in England, where he remained until his retirement in 1982.
	lastlinkontheleft.com /fc0412.html (16984 words)

	The Emergency Medical Services Program
		Dr. Richard Crampton, a cardiologist affiliated with the University of Virginia Hospital, was one of the pioneers of this technique in the United States, adapting it from the physician-staffed mobile unit developed by Dr. Frank Pantridge in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
		Frank Pantridge of Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, developed a rapid response system for dealing with cardiac emergencies.
		By carrying emergency coronary care into the community, Pantridge was able to resuscitate patients in cardiac arrest.
	www.rwjf.org /files/publications/books/2000/chapter_10.html (8060 words)

	SAOIRSE32 » 2004 » December » 29 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Professor Frank Pantridge, best known for developing the portable defibrillator, died on Sunday.
		This pre-hospital coronary care unit was known as the Pantridge Plan, and his name was printed on many defibrillators.
		In 1990, then-Health Secretary Kenneth Clarke allocated £38m to equip all front-line ambulances in England with defibrillators.
	saoirse32.blogthing.com /2004/12/29/page/2 (357 words)

	Peter Weir Pantridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		He is truly one of the giants of twentieth century medical pioneering, and someone whose international reputation brought great credit to the province.
		It was therefore all the more disappointing that while he was alive, Professor Pantridge was insufficiently recognised by the Honours system, only receiving in recent years a CBE.With Professor Pantridge’s somewhat abrasive style, he was perhaps ignored because his face didn’t fit in with the establishment.
		I am calling upon the Honours section of government to rectify this omission by awarding a posthumous knighthood to Frank Pantridge.
	www.nddup.org.uk /press-content/311204-weir-pantridge.htm (202 words)

	Pushing the Envelope to Save More Lives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In 1967 in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Dr. Frank Pantridge became the first to show that victims of sudden cardiac death could be successfully resuscitated outside of the hospital environment.
		All the successful programs reconfirm Pantridge’s original observation: time to defibrillation is the single most important factor in improving save rates.
		What started from the ideas of Pantridge will soon be adopted by the Smiths, the Joneses - and perhaps you.
	www.early-defib.org /03_frontier.html (670 words)

	AEDens vej til lægmandsbrug › Kystlivredning
		I 1960'erne opdagede den irske kardiolog J. Frank Pantridge, at 60% af unge og midaldrende mænd døde af akut myokardie infakt (hjerteanfald) inden for én time efter de første symptomer viste sig.
		Ireren J. Frank Pantridge fandt også ud af, at mere end 90% af de tidlige dødsfald skyldtes ventrikelflimmer, en tilstand, som kun kunne fjernes med defibrillation.
		Pantridge omdannede en ambulance til en mobil hjertebehandlings-enhed og udstyrede den mobile enhed med hospitalspersonale og en transportabel defibrillator.
	livredder.dk /aed_vejtil_laegmandsbrug.html (428 words)

	e-mergeny - ARTICLE 1
		Dr Frank Pantridge implemented the first portable defibrillators in ambulances around 1963.
		Pantridge's first unit was complex and was the size of a small refrigerator.
		Today, defibrillators are simple to use, available for use by the general public and can be the size of a phone book.
	www.e-mergency.biz /article_1.html (519 words)

	AEDens vej til lægmandsbrug › Kystlivredning
		I 1960'erne opdagede den irske kardiolog J. Frank Pantridge, at 60% af unge og midaldrende mænd døde af akut myokardie infakt (hjerteanfald) inden for én time efter de første symptomer viste sig.
		Ireren J. Frank Pantridge fandt også ud af, at mere end 90% af de tidlige dødsfald skyldtes ventrikelflimmer, en tilstand, som kun kunne fjernes med defibrillation.
		Pantridge omdannede en ambulance til en mobil hjertebehandlings-enhed og udstyrede den mobile enhed med hospitalspersonale og en transportabel defibrillator.
	www.livredning.dk /aed_vejtil_laegmandsbrug.html (429 words)

	HeartSine Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In the mid 60's a study in Belfast by McNeilly and Pemberton under the direction of Professor Frank Pantridge at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast showed that the majority of deaths from acute myocardial infarction occurred soon after the onset of symptoms.
		Since the median delay in hospital admission was determined to be, at that time, as long as 8 hours the majority of patients with acute myocardial infarction were dying unattended at or near the place of the attack.
		Based on this study, the world's first mobile coronary care unit was established by Pantridge and Geddis at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast in 1966.
	www.heartsine.com /hst/history.htm (590 words)

	October 3 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		He found out that death occurred within the first hour for 60% of males (up to middle-age) that died from heart attack, and of these, 90% suffered ventricular fibrillation.
		To begin earliest possible treatment, in 1965, Pantridge equipped an ambulance with a portable defibrillator.
		He was a medical scientist and Nobel laureate (1960, with Sir Frank Burnet) for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance.
	www.todayinsci.com /10/10_03.htm (2408 words)

	SAOIRSE32: Memorial statue for top Ulster cardiologist
		Prior to Professor Pantridge's portable version, defibrillators - which apply an electric shock across the chest to correct a disturbance of the heart rhythm - only existed in hospitals.
		His first portable model was operated by car batteries and weighed 70 kilos, and was transported to the scene of a heart attack by ambulance.
		Professor Pantridge's expertise in heart disease had its origins in the 1939-45 war, when he became ill with cardiac beri beri and his heart swelled to three times normal size - and he deduced what was wrong.
	fenian32.blogspot.com /2005/07/memorial-statue-for-top-ulster.html (408 words)

	Chain of Survival
		In the 1960's, Irish cardiologist J. Frank Pantridge discovered that 60% of the young and middle-age males that died from acute myocardial infarctions (heart attack) did so within one hour of the onset of symptoms.
		From these facts, Dr. Pantridge concluded that treatment must commence even before the patient reaches the hospital.
		Pantridge converted an ambulance into a mobile coronary care unit, and equipped the unit with hospital personnel and a portable defibrillator.
	www.chainofsurvival.com /cos/Cardiologist_detail.asp (299 words)

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