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	Frank Wedekind - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Benjamin Franklin Wedekind (July 24, 1864 - March 9, 1918) was a German playwright.
		He was born in Hanover and had a number of jobs before working in cabaret and becoming a playwright.
		Wedekind's work, which often criticizes bourgeois attitudes, especially towards sex, is considered to anticipate expressionism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frank_Wedekind (138 words)

	Lulu: Frank Wedekind
		Wedekind’s musical talents can perhaps be inferred from his studies: “as a schoolboy he learned the guitar and the flute and, later, the violin, piano and mandolin” (Jarman 13).
		Wedekind’s imprisonment had spurned an outcry from the German intelligentsia, and this brought him notoriety and spurned his success as a dramatist.
		In contrast, Wedekind was increasingly vilified by the political, religious, and literary establishment.
	www.geocities.com /al6an6erg/lulu1.html (1301 words)

	Frank Wedekind's Lulu Plays (Erdgeist and Büchse der Pandora)
		Wedekind was firmly opposed to certain tenets of the Naturalist school of drama; although he did seek to make his plays reflect the social milieu and its effect on the characters, he hoped to achieve this without sacrificing his aesthetic to a coarse or unfertile mundanity, which he saw as unnecessary.
		Wedekind's dramas did, to a certain extent, reflect the aesthetic and moral questions of his day and age, although his Lulu plays were seen not as realistic portrayals of the "baser" human drives, but as the expression of the author's own ideas about sexuality and pathology.
		Wedekind's agenda was, in part, a call for the relaxation of these constraints, an appeal to recognize human drives -- although the strongly destructive potential of female sexuality for Wedekind remains a problematic issue, and he was by no means calling for the emancipation of women under the terms of the day.
	www.nthuleen.com /papers/711FilmLulu.html (5616 words)

	JS Online: Original 'Lulu' intrigues Theatre X
		Wedekind was a contemporary of Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen, and it's possible to see an Ibsen influence on "Lulu." Schneider says he sees echoes of "A Doll's House" and "Hedda Gabler" in scenes in "Lulu" where she complains about being pregnant and trapped in a household with a dolt of a husband.
		While Wedekind provides plenty of internal details in "Lulu" to explain how she became the person she is, he clearly had something more in mind than the stage biography of a single woman.
		Discussions of Wedekind's mythic intent, though, could obscure the fact that this is also a play in which a besotted painter chases his model around the studio, one lover is hiding behind a curtain while Lulu argues with her husband, and two people complain about how heavy it is to move a dead body.
	www.jsonline.com /onwisconsin/arts/oct01/lulu14101201.asp (1346 words)

	BU Bridge Arts
		Set in Wedekind's native Germany and subtitled "A children's tragedy," it portrays a repressive society through the eyes of a group of 14-year-olds.
		Playwright, actor, and cabaret performer Frank Wedekind (1864-1918) was in the vanguard of German expressionism and was a founder of modern drama.
		Wedekind was scorned and harassed for his outspoken criticism of repressive 19th-century European society.
	www.bu.edu /bridge/archive/2000/02-18/arts.html (1047 words)

	Anna Friel - "Lulu" the play (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The importance of Frank Wedekind (1864-1918) to the history of literature and the development of drama in particular, is enormous.
		Wedekind's vision of what constituted perfect theatre was a combination of colour, music, word and gesture, forever mingling the sublime with the ridiculous.
		Life among the circus artistes in Paris confirmed his dictum that to bring about the rebirth of a genuine, vigorous art it was essential to portray people whose actions are dictated by the simplest animal instincts.
	home.clara.net /dolphine/aflulu2.html (326 words)

	[No title]
		FRANK WEDEKIND GORFF (Hortense Wedekind, Sophie Deschamps, Marie Heidelburg) was born in Noxubee County, Mississippi in 1876.
		Frank worked for the railroad, loading freight in some of the new refrigeration cars that the railroad had built.
		ERNST WEDEKIND GORFF(Frank WGorff, Hortense Wedekind, Sophie Deschamps, Marie Heidelburg) born April 11, 1906 in Birmingham, Alabama and died in 1996 in Cullman, Alabama.
	www.angelfire.com /mi/familypages/gorff.html (2038 words)

	Calder Publications - The Lulu Plays and Other Sex Tragedies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The importrance of Frank Wedekind (1864-1918) to the history of literature and the development of drama in particular, is enourmous.
		His method of advocating unfeigned sexual pleasure by ruthlessly highlighting sex and making his heroine a heartless whore caused Wedekind to be violently attacked and persecuted.
		His hatred of hypocracy where sexual matters are concerned drove the play-wright to employ the most daring expedients in order to shake the complacency of the bourgeoisie.
	www.calderpublications.com /books/0714508683.html (339 words)

	Frank -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Dominating present-day northern France, Belgium, and western Germany, the Franks established the most powerful Christian kingdom of early medieval western Europe.
		U.S. Army Air Corps combat pilot Frank Luke, known as the “Arizona balloon-buster,” in 1919 posthumously received the Medal of Honor, the highest U.S. military decoration, for bravery in World War I. He was the second-ranked ace of the war, after Eddie Rickenbacker.
		U.S. astronaut Frank Borman was born in Gary, Ind., in 1928.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9035158?tocId=9035158 (613 words)

	Louise Brooks Studies: Frank Wedekind - for further reading
		Frank Wedekind (1864 - 1918) was a key figure in the emergence of expressionist literature.
		In his plays, Wedekind employed grotesque fantasy and unconventional characters in order to attack the bourgeois ideals and hypocrisy of society.
		Wedekind later attacked bourgeois morality in his two tragedies, Earth Spirit (1895) and Pandora's Box (1904), both of which feature the femme fatale character named Lulu.
	www.geocities.com /louisebrookssociety/wedekind-links.html (555 words)

	Teens' sexual awareness confronts repression in 'Spring Awakening' at UI
		Frank Wedekind, April 10-20 in Theatre A of the University of Iowa Theatre Building.
		Wedekind is recognized as the father of German expressionism.
		A versatile and prolific creator, Wedekind wrote some 30 plays and pantomimes, 17 prose narratives, 21 essays on a variety of literary and cultural topics, nearly 150 poems and cabaret songs, and extensive biographical notes and diaries.
	www.uiowa.edu /~ournews/1997/march/0328awake.html (800 words)

	SpringAwakening (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Spring Awakening, a pre-Expressionist masterpiece written in the 1890s by Frank Wedekind, is about just such a horror.
		Wedekind is blunt in his condemnation of bourgeois morality and of ignorance masquerading as piety.
		It was translated by the incomparable Ted Hughes, known for his strong, sharp imagery, and his writing is a perfect fit for Wedekind’s unrelenting depiction of adolescent frustration and despair.
	www.oobr.com /top/volNine/seventeen/SpringAwakening.htm (469 words)

	The Eugene O'Neill Newsletter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Iconoclasts of the stage, Frank Wedekind and Eugene O'Neill frequently shocked audiences in their choice and treatment of unorthodox subject matter.
		Wedekind's political poetry and his contributions to the satirical magazine Simplizissimus helped to foster his reputation as a freethinker.
		Wedekind, whose tone is sharp and vision is fl, confronts his past with bitterness, while O'Neill masks the truth of his own adolescent years.
	www.eoneill.com /library/newsletter/vi_1/vi-1e.htm (3115 words)

	Pierrot Lunaire: The Melodramas
		Frank Wedekind's poems had appeared in the seminal cabaret anthology German Chansons (published in 1900), and Wedekind played an instrumental role in the founding of Simplicissimus.
		Wedekind's songs (many of which were published in Simplicissimus) reflected his status as the demonic enfant terrible (incorrigible child) of German theater.
		Wedekind made use of pantomime and circus elements in his cabaret plays, as did other cabaret theatrical artists.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/marcr/pierrot/infl_arti.html (639 words)

	The Awakening of Spring
		Wedekind became widely known through his great drama "The Awakening of Spring," which he called a tragedy of childhood, dedicating the work to parents and teachers.
		So close is Wedekind to the soul of the child that he succeeds in unveiling before our eyes, with a most gripping touch, its joys and sorrows, its hopes and despair, its struggles and tragedies.
		Wedekind has been accused of exaggerating his types, but any one familiar with child life knows that every word in " The Awakening of Spring " is vividly true.
	dwardmac.pitzer.edu /Anarchist_Archives/goldman/socsig/spring.html (1918 words)

	Pacific Resident Theatre PRT Venice California Otherwise Engaged - Back Stage West December 2, 1999
		Peter Barnes' "Lulu," adapted from the two-play "Lulu cycle" by German playwright Frank Wedekind, is as unforgiving, wry and sexually charged as the original material.
		Yet, a century after Wedekind wrote the Lulu cycle, there is little in the play's premise that will surprise.
		Wedekind makes Lulu the victim, the comely outlet of a repressed society, and we are given no choice but to feel sorry for her a we wait for her untimely end.
	www.pacificresidenttheatre.com /LuluReview2.shtml (469 words)

	Wedekind Plays 1 by Frank Wedekind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A moralist who wore the mask of an immoralist, Wedekind was the terror of the German bourgeoisie.
		His work was censored and the original Lulu play was not even published during his lifetime; Wedekind toned it down and adapted it to make two plays: Pandora's Box and Earth-Spirit.
		The translation of Spring Awakening ("scrupulously faithful both to Wedekind's irony and his poetry" The Times) was commissioned by the National Theatre and that of Lulu: A Monster Tragedy ("the Bonds' version is sharper and funnier than its predecessors" Guardian) was toured nationally.
	www.methuen.co.uk /wedekindplays1.html (202 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Spring's Awakening : Tragedy of Childhood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As Wedekind makes very clear, it is not the natural impulses of youth that are corrupting, but rather the attempts of the adults to control these impulses by layering them with guilt.
		Wedekind's exploration of these themes, while decidedly (and intentionally) one-sided, is a beautifully crafted piece of expressionist theatre.
		Wedekind describes the problems of getting an adult with simple words, however it turns into a tragedy of dead and suffering because of the unresolvable conflict between the mainpersons and the society.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1557832455?v=glance (1043 words)

	eye - The fires of youth - 11.25.99
		So when he cites the similarities between the world faced by the frustrated students in Spring Awakening, the 1892 play by German Frank Wedekind, and what young people face today, he might really have a point.
		Wedekind's work formed a necessary link between naturalist theatre (which explored the competing influences of society and nature on the individual) and German expressionism -- and was perhaps the single biggest influence on Bertolt Brecht.
		Wedekind's script incorporates short, plot-oriented exchanges and long scenes filled with monologue and philosophical argument.
	www.eye.net /eye/issue/issue_11.25.99/arts/spring.html (835 words)

	Frank Wedekind Biography / Biography of Frank Wedekind Main Biography
		The German dramatist, cosmopolite, and libertarian Frank Wedekind (1864-1918) was a foe of middle-class hypocrisy and a moralist eager to reform the world through sexual emancipation.
		Frank Wedekind was born Benjamin Franklin Wedekind on July 24, 1864, in Hanover, Germany.
		After working as a freelance journalist, an advertising copywriter, and a secretary for a circus, and spending long sojourns as a painter in England and France, young Wedekind moved to Munich, joining the staff of the satirical magazine Simplizissimus, in which his first political poems appeared.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-frank-wedekind (242 words)

	Lulu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The German dramatist Frank Wedekind was one of the most important forerunners of the expressionists and employed grotesque fantasy and unconventional characters in order to attack the bourgeois ideals and hypocrisy of society.
		Christian Spuck, since 2001 Resident Choreographer of the Stuttgart Ballet, is interpreting Wedekind's Lulu in a liberal version for the dance stage.
		With his first full-length ballet, Spuck's challenge will be to use radical material, which is not only mercilessly cold-blooded, but also mercilessly emotional and transposing it into the aesthetic world of dance.
	www.stuttgart-ballet.de /english/e_ballette/e_lulu.html (326 words)

	Pacific Resident Theatre The production of Lulu - PRT - Venice, California
		Lulu, as conceived in the Frank Wedekind plays and re-made in the Peter Barnes adaptation, is a ravenous incarnation of the human libido.
		Robert Bailey as the father figure who has adopted the lustful waif Lulu and attempts to bring her into "polite" society is similarly winning, finding humor in a script that oscillates between slapstick and pathos.
		A sexual circus of primitive lust and the story of that "special kind" of insanity that belongs to those in the grip of passion and love.
	www.pacificresidenttheatre.com /lulu.shtml (684 words)

	Variety.com - Reviews - Lulu
		Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit
		By the time they are married, it is clear that his "protection" of her has left Lulu almost defenseless.
		Lulu seems so childlike that it is sometimes difficult to believe her coldness; she is naughty and selfish and unable to understand the consequences of her actions, but she is not sadistic or homicidal.
	www.variety.com /review/VE1117907250?categoryID=33 (568 words)

	Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL): 'Lulu' enjoys revival in condensed version of Wedekind productions.(Time Out!)@ ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		German playwright Frank Wedekind (1864-1918) spent his career shocking proper Germans with his messy, sexy, frank plays.
		But nothing he wrote stirred things up as much as the pair of plays about that ultimate femme fatale, Lulu: "Earth Spirit" (1895) and "Pandora's Box" (1904).
		For a glimpse of why Wedekind's plays stirred up so much controversy, see the brilliant, sexy revival of the Lulu...
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:92598560&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (196 words)

	Theatre Department Season Schedule!
		Frank Wedekind's potent and affecting play is a chronicle of adolescence and sexual awakening in a society that suppresses information out of a need to preserve the moral order.
		Wedekind challenged the moral code of the Victorian age, and over a century later we find ourselves still struggling with the same issues.
		As the religious right is threatened by the perceived decay of "family values," it works diligently to protect its children from societal permissiveness.
	www.holycross.edu /departments/theatre/website/homepage/thseason.html (347 words)

	AllRefer.com - Frank Wedekind (German Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Frank Wedekind (German Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Frank Wedekind[frAngk vA´dukint] Pronunciation Key, 1864–1918, German dramatist.
		He was also a journalist and publicist, and he worked on the staff of Simplicissimus.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/W/Wedekind.html (216 words)

	Wedekind, Frank -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		"Wedekind, Frank." Britannica Student Encyclopedia from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
		More results on "Wedekind, Frank" when you join.
		The chief factors fostering realism, however, were war and social revolution (see Germany, section on history).
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9340061?tocId=9340061 (552 words)

	Spring Awakening by Frank Wedekind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Wedekind's play about adolescent sexuality is as disturbing today as when it was first produced
		Wedekind's notorious play Spring Awakening was written in 1891 but had to wait the greater part of a century before it received its first complete performance in Britain, at the National Theatre in 1974.
		The production was highly praised, much of its strength deriving from this translation by Edward Bond and Elisabeth Bond Pablé"scrupulously faithful both to Wedekind's irony and his poetry." (The Times)
	www.methuen.co.uk /springawakening.html (114 words)

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