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Topic: Frederic Tudor

	Failure Magazine-Archives-History-Cool Customer-Frederic Tudor and the Frozen-Water Trade
		Tudor was careful to insulate the holds of his ships in similar fashion, and under ideal circumstances constructed an icehouse at the destination point to preserve his product for as long as possible.
		By 1825, Tudor was living a comfortable existence on proceeds from ice sales, but the labor-intensive process of hand-cutting large blocks from frozen ponds and lakes limited the growth of the industry.
		By the early 1830s, Tudor was weary of battling new competitors, not to mention the process of harvesting and transporting ice, which involved driving horse-drawn wagons along muddy, bumpy roads in cold, wet and windy conditions.
	www.failuremag.com /arch_history_cool_customer.html (1771 words)

	William Tudor (1779-1830) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tudor was the oldest child of William Tudor and Delia Jarvis Tudor.
		Tudor's travels to Europe polished his civility, and it is said that he held George III's interest in conversation long enough to bring complaints from the lord in waiting, who had others to present.
		Tudor was indirectly involved in the first railroad in the United States, created to carry granite for the construction of the Bunker Hill Monument.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William_Tudor_(1779-1830) (604 words)

	Chapter Excerpt: The Art of Tasha Tudor by Harry Davis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Tasha Tudor was born to parents whose families had occupied positions of wealth and influence for generations in Boston society.
		Her mother, Rosamond Tudor, was the granddaughter of Frederic Tudor, internationally known as the Ice King.
		It is a further measure of the Tudor family's circle of acquaintances that Calvin Coolidge represented Rosamond in the divorce proceedings.
	www.twbookmark.com /books/61/0316174939/chapter_excerpt10704.html (1759 words)

	The Frozen Water Trade : A True Story: Current Amazon U.S.A. One-Edition Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Tudor's commercial triumph offset his sometimes disastrous speculations in sea salt, graphite, and coffee, so that he ended his life a very wealthy man. He was the first trader in ice, and others saw the profits he was making and went into the business for themselves, forming an enormous industry throughout New England.
		Tudor's classic story is that of a vsionary who had difficulty convincing his contemporaries of the wisdom of his ideas, and who risked everything he had to make that vision a reality.
		Tudor's life and the ice trade are so intertwined that when he dies (90% into the book), one is left with the feeling that something is missing in the last 10% of the book.
	www.floridakeysfishing.info /books-reviewed/0786886404.html (3643 words)

	Tudor Family ["Rockwood"]
		Frederic Tudor, son of William and Delia (Jarvis) Tudor, was born September 4, 1783 in Boston, Massachusetts.
		William Tudor purchased two acres of salt marsh in 1790, sixteen acres of farmland in 1793, eight acres of pine grove in 1799 and three more acres in 1801.
		Frederic Tudor died in Boston on February 6, 1864.
	www.library.hbs.edu /hc/sfa/tudorrockwood.htm (489 words)

	The Frozen Water Trade: A True Story by Gavin Weightman - read excerpt
		When the brothers William and Frederic Tudor agreed to put together what money they had in the summer of 1805 and invest it in a scheme to sell ice to the West Indies, they held the plan close to their chests.
		Frederic wrote to him: "I hope you will not be displeased with my going so young." When the Judge returned to Boston, Frederic had already given up his apprenticeship and was spending his days on the Rockwood farm, hunting and fishing with a fl servant of the family who had been given the name Sambo.
		Frederic loved Rockwood and sometimes imagined he could make the farm pay, but he spent most of his time on little schemes that came to nothing, such as designing a water pump that he believed would make ships unsinkable.
	mostlyfiction.com /excerpts/frozenwatertrade.htm (4057 words)

	Tudor, Frederic (4 Sept
		Tudor's business interests were not limited to the ice trade.
		Tudor promptly sued, and the two engaged in a bitter and extended public controversy.
		Tudor was a dogged, stubborn, and reckless individual.
	www.libarts.ucok.edu /history/faculty/roberson/course/1483/suppl/chpXII/FredericTudor.htm (771 words)

	Frederic Tudor, the Ice King - HBS Working Knowledge
		Frederic Tudor had a bold idea: Cut winter ice from the ponds of New England and transport it by ship for sale in far away lands including India and Singapore.
		Tudor conquered many challenges in packing, shipping, and storing ice in far away lands—not the least of which were weather issues—as excerpted in a new biography of Tudor published by the Massachusetts Historical Society and Mystic Seaport.
		Frederic exulted: "The frost covers the windows, the wheels creak, the boys run, winter rules & $50,000 worth of ice now floats for me upon Fresh Pond."6 The next day, he commenced cutting and testing Wyeth's new rig for hoisting ice into wagons.
	hbswk.hbs.edu /archive/3650.html (1471 words)

	"Ice King" Reveals the Force at Heart of Democratic Capitalism
		The tale in question was the saga of Frederic Tudor, the Ice King, as told by historian Daniel Boorstin in "The Americans: The National Experience." Tudor was born in Boston in 1784.
		In 1805, when Tudor was 21, his brother asked whimsically at a party why ice on nearby ponds was not harvested and sold at ports in the Caribbean.
		Tudor's greatest triumph came in 1833, when he sent a ship with 180 tons of ice to Calcutta, halfway across the globe.
	www.americanexperiment.org /publications/1998/19980128kersten.php (958 words)

	New York Press - STACY SPENCER -
		Tudor’s ingenious business schemes are also highlighted, along with the special challenges of the early 19th century in the form of yellow fever, pirates, shipwrecks, debt imprisonment and an appalling death rate.
		Tudor sent one unlucky young manager after another to the tropics only to have them succumb to the "chills." His older brother, a principal business partner, turned to magazine editing and then died.
		By the end of Tudor’s life, ice became an important commodity throughout the North as well, with New York and Philadelphia consuming tons of the stuff, harvested from Massachusetts, Maine and increasingly Midwestern states like Wisconsin–but this ceases to be Frederic Tudor’s story alone.
	www.nypress.com /print.cfm?content_id=7686 (1013 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Archive Search
		Tudor's problem was getting the stuff from here to there without meltdown in transit; the first few cargoes shrank disastrously by the time they reached their destinations in Charleston and various points south, despite being bedded down amid bales of hay.
		Doggedly, Tudor tried one form of insulation after another, charcoal and peat also being found wanting before he got it right with sawdust, which he was soon bringing down from the Maine lumber mills at a cost of $16,000 a year.
		Tudor thereupon spotted another opening, and sold blankets all over the world at a dollar apiece, so that customers could get their ice home with minimal loss.
	www.guardian.co.uk /Archive/Article/0,4273,4356679,00.html (748 words)

	Walden Pond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His account of the experience was recorded in Walden, or, Life in the Woods, and made the spot famous.
		Remarkably enough, Frederic Tudor, Boston's "Ice King", harvested ice yearly on Walden Pond for export to the Caribbean, Europe, and India.
		In his journal, Thoreau philosophizes upon the wintry sight of Tudor's ice harvesters: "The sweltering inhabitants of Charleston and New Orleans, of Madras and Bombay and Calcutta, drink at my well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Walden_Pond (211 words)

	Postcards from Old Milton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Standing in 1945 beside his automobile bearing Massachusetts license plate #1 is Dr. Frederic Tudor, former chief of staff of the Milton Hospital.
		In 1940, Dr. Tudor, a well known physician, inherited the license plate from his father, and it became popularly known in the town, as well as a coveted family license plate.
		Tudor lived at 51 Randolph Avenue, a Greek Revival cottage built about 1830 by lumber merchant Robert McIlvanie Todd which the physician adapted for both his home and a small doctor’s office.
	www.miltonhistoricalsociety.org /postcard13.html (86 words)

	DailyWealth Weekend: Korea’s Frozen Assets: How to Always Make Money in Stocks
		The year Tudor was born, Boston merchants made a fortune selling an entire shipload of ginseng in Canton, China.
		Tudor thought that the ice frozen in Massachusetts lakes and ponds was a valuable commodity, one that could be shipped far and wide for a profit.
		People ridiculed Tudor's idea, including his father, who lectured him every morning on his "miserable prospect for success," urging his youngest son to abandon the voyage.
	www.dailywealth.com /archive/2006/nov/2006_nov_25.asp (1064 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Frederic Tudor (Boston) is credited with the first importing ice to Martinique in 1805.By 1815; he was importing ice to Cuba.
		In 1817 and 1818, Tudor began exporting crystalline water to Savannah and Charleston.
		Expanding his business, Tudor, in 1833, sent a shipment of ice to Calcutta and began a route to Brazil.
	blackpowderonline.com /OCT02Ice.htm (846 words)

	Innovation Odyssey - The Technology Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Until Tudor, there was no ice in the Caribbean, India, or New Orleans.
		The "Ice King," Tudor's nickname, was soon shipping ice from Fresh Pond and Walden Pond along the railroad he helped build down to Tudor's Wharf on the Charlestown waterfront.
		Tudor enjoyed a monopoly in Boston for ten years.
	www.innovationodyssey.com /ice.htm (221 words)

	Thomas Holcombe of Connecticut - Person Page 73
		Samuel Frederic Holcombe married Lizzie Laura Dewey, daughter of Henry Jackson Dewey and Laura Searles, on 6 May 1880 at Granby, Hartford Co., CT. Samuel Frederic Holcombe died on 29 July 1932 at age 76.
		Tudor 43 and Laura 42 were also in the household.
		Tudor Frederic Holcombe died on 10 February 1978 at Avon, Hartford Co., CT, at age 91.
	www.holcombegenealogy.com /data/p73.htm (3419 words)

	BOOKS IN BRIEF: NONFICTION - New York Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		But while everyone else saw only a barren winter wasteland, a Boston merchant named Frederic Tudor realized that during the cold months a potentially lucrative cash crop grew wild everywhere and was just waiting to be harvested and taken to market.
		Tudor ''clung to one conviction: people living in tropical climates would pay a good price for ice if they could get it,'' and set his sights on sending ice to perpetually steamy locales like Calcutta and Havana.
		Tudor's ice, harvested from local lakes basically free, could be used to fill their holds.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01EFDA103FF935A25750C0A9659C8B63&sec=&pagewanted=print (259 words)

	Frederic Rzewski
		Frederic Rzewski (born Westfield, Massachusetts, 1938) studied music first with Charles Mackey of Springfield, and subsequently with Walter Piston, Roger Sessions, and Milton Babbitt at Harvard and Princeton Universities.
		He went to Italy in 1960, where he studied with Luigi Dallapiccola and met Severino Gazzelloni, with whom he performed in a number of concerts, thus beginning a career as a performer of new piano music.
		The experience of MEV can be felt in Frederic Rzewski's compositions of the late sixties and early seventies, which combine elements derived equally from the worlds of written and improvised music.
	www.otherminds.org /shtml/Rzewski.shtml (305 words)

	Economic Principals
		It was in 1806 that 21-year-old Frederic Tudor shipped his first cargo of ice to the Caribbean.
		(Tudor's story is well told in the third volume of historian Daniel Boorstin's great trilogy, The Americans, from which all the details here are drawn.
		Tudor himself was a poster boy for the replacement process.
	www.economicprincipals.com /issues/03.11.02.html (1014 words)

	Amazon.com: The Frozen Water Trade: A True Story: Books: Gavin Weightman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Tudor, born in 1783 to a wealthy Massachusetts family, was more interested in making his fortune than in getting an education, and dropped out of college.
		Tudor's commercial triumph offset his sometimes disastrous speculations in sea salt, graphite, and coffee, so that he ended his life a very wealthy man. He was the first trader in ice, and others saw the profits he was making and went into the business for themselves, forming an enormous industry throughout New England.
		Tudor came up with the idea that winter ice harvested from the various waterways in his home state could be transported to hotter climates (Cuba, India, etc..) and sold for a profit.
	www.amazon.com /Frozen-Water-Trade-True-Story/dp/0786886404 (2662 words)

	Books of Interest
		Frederic Tudor, Tasha Tudor's Great-Grandfather, was the first to discover that ice packed in sawdust didn't melt.
		Tudor seems to have encountered more than his share of obstacles, in his personal as well as in his business life, yet with dogged determination he managed to overcome each crisis on his way to becoming 'inevitably and unavoidably rich.' "
		In her introduction to this new edition, the gardener, writer, illustrator, and craftsperson Tasha Tudor explores the space Celia Thaxter made for herself on one of the Isles of Shoals and the place her gentle, commonsense journal has held in the hearts of gardeners and artists for over a hundred years.
	www.tashatudorandfamily.com /book_of_interest.htm (752 words)

	Metroblogging Chennai: Ice House, Chennai, and the Ice Trade: It's history!
		Frederic Tudor came from a fairly wealthy Bostonian family, one that believed in the merits of quality education.
		Young Frederic concluded that "college was a waste of time" and spent idle days inventing gadgets at the family farm.
		Tudor conquered many challenges in packing, shipping, and storing ice in far away lands--not the least of which were weather issues--as excerpted in a new biography of Tudor published by the Massachusetts Historical Society and Mystic Seaport.'
	chennai.metblogs.com /archives/2006/07/ice_house_chennai_and_the_ice.phtml (983 words)

	Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Eventually this house became a silent spectator of a series of diverse historical events, some of which have lifted this building to a status of an outstanding historical and cultural monument.
		Frederic Tudor, the 'Ice King', built three houses in Calcutta, Bombay and Chennai to keep ice under proper insulation so that it could be stored for months together.
		Tudor maintained his business in Chennai from 1842 upto around 1880.
	www.rkmchennai.org /Svhouse.htm (1438 words)

	DesiJournal.com - The Frozen-Water Trade - A True Story by Gavin Weightman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Frederic, “a diminutive, pig-headed Bostonian,” had dropped out of school at thirteen (though his brother had gone to Harvard) and had always been seen as something of a maverick.
		It is only because Frederic came from a prominent family whose wealth and connections subsidized his initial experiments in 1806, when he was 22, that he was able to start his business at all, sending his first shipment of “frozen water” to Martinique.
		Though he ran into debt many times and was even sent to jail twice for these debts, Frederic’s business became huge, ranging from Martinique, where ice was not initially a success, to Havana, Charleston, Savannah, New Orleans, and cities in India, where it was hugely successful.
	www.desijournal.com /book.asp?ArticleId=51 (779 words)

	Uni-Tat Ice and Marketing Pte Ltd
		Frederic Tudor began the evolution of the ice trade.
		It was Frederic Tudor who was the first in history to come up with the innovative way to make money by exporting ice, a valueless product in New England, by harvesting ice from lakes and rivers.
		Tudor had started the ice industry that generates employment (including Uni-Tat), created millionaires and entrepreneurs.
	www.iceman.com.my /evolution.htm (491 words)

	February 2003 Book Review
		In the summer of 1805, Frederic, then 22, and his older brother William were enjoying that very luxury at a family picnic when it dawned on Frederic (so the story goes) that there was money to be made shipping such a commodity to the West Indies and other hot climates.
		Tudor had not anticipated the two largest inhibitions to his success: an insulated place to store the ice was yet to be built on the island and the islanders hadn’t a clue what to do with it.
		Tudor calculated his losses for that first venture at between three and four thousand dollars—his total sales about two thousand.
	www.maineharbors.com /febbk03.htm (677 words)

	New England Historic Genealogical Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		There are as well about fifteen letters addressed to other members of the Tudor family; a portrait of Henry James Tudor in both watercolor and lithographic states, and a sketch of the family burial plot with annotations by Henry James Tudor.
		Henry James Tudor was the eighth and youngest child of William Tudor of Boston, (1750-1819), and his wife Delia Jarvis Tudor, (1753-1843).
		Frederic, (1783-1864), the “Ice King,” invented and perfected methods of preserving and shipping ice to the tropics.
	www.newenglandancestors.org /education/articles/NEXUS/notes_on_the_manuscript_collection_659_90212.asp (505 words)

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