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Topic: Free German Trade Union Federation

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	Free German Trade Union Federation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Free German Trade Union Federation, in German Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (FDGB), was the trade union federation in East Germany.
		The bureaucratic union apparatus was a basic component and tool of the SED’s power structure, constructed on the same strictly centralist hierarchical model as all other major GDR organizations.
		The single trade union was also very important as a source of new blood for the military.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Free_German_Trade_Union_Federation (569 words)

	Trade union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Trade unions have sometimes been seen as successors to the guilds of Medieval Europe, though the relationship between the two is disputed.
		Unions may organise a particular section of skilled workers (craft unionism), a cross-section of workers from various trades (general unionism), or attempt to organise all workers within a particular industry (industrial unionism).
		The legal status of trade unions in the United Kingdom was established by a Royal Commission in 1867, which agreed that the establishment of the organizations was to the advantage of both employers and employees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trade_union (3721 words)

	Trade union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Trade unions are often accused to benefit the insider workers, those having a secure job and high productivity, at the cost of the outsider workers, those who are unemployed or at the risk of unemployment or who are not able to get the job that they want.
		The legal status of trade unions in the United Kingdom was established by a Royal Commission in 1867, which agreed that the establishment of the organisations was to the advantage of both employers and employees.
		Unions of workers in the private sector are tightly regulated and overseen by the United States Department of Labor under the authority of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), passed in 1935, which is Administered by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).
	trade-union.ask.dyndns.dk (2330 words)

	Germany - MSN Encarta
		The East German enterprises now had to pay their debts and payrolls in higher-value DM while at the same time losing market share to the superior West German products that were becoming widely available.
		The first German unions were founded in 1868 and grew into a mighty political and economic force until the Third Reich took over all labor organization in 1933.
		German unification demonstrated the economic superiority of well-managed small and medium-sized farms in the West over the collective and cooperative giant farms of East Germany.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576917_6/Germany.html (2086 words)

	East Germany - Workers and the Free German Trade Union Federation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		All trade unions are united under the FDGB, the only federation of unions allowed to operate in the country.
		Union posts at the local levels are filled by volunteers, and nonparty members perform about 75 percent of union tasks.
		The Constitution states that "trade unions are independent" and that "no one may limit or obstruct their activities." In fact the FDGB's close association with the party does not allow it to play a real bargaining role or to strike for specific demands.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-5088.html (794 words)

	Facts about german reunification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		German reunification refers to the reunification of West Germany and East Germany under a single government.
		The West German government under Konrad Adenauer favored closer integration with western Europe and asked that the reunification be negotiated with the provision that there be internationally monitored elections throughout Germany.
		An ambassador in the annus mirabilis of German Reunification
	www.supercrawler.com /Facts/german_reunification.html (422 words)

	East Germany - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The German Democratic Republic (Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR, or GDR), commonly known as East Germany, was a Communist Party-led state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		In the Federal Republic of Germany, until the seventies, the GDR was referred to as Middle Germany or SBZ (Soviet occupation zone).
		Thus, on October 3rd 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Union as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /e/ea/east_germany.html (1522 words)

	German Cup - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The German Cup (official German name: "DFB-Pokal", after Deutscher Fußball Bund Pokal or German Football Association Cup) is an elimination football (soccer) tournament held annually.
		The first German Cup final was contested in the 1934-35 season between 1.
		It was awarded annually until 1991 after German reunification in 1990 led to the merger of the football leagues of the two Germanys.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_Cup (539 words)

	Community Yellow Pages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR)), informally known in English as East Germany, was an authoritarian socialist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		Consequent waves of German settlements, which in subsequent centuries later included French Hugenots and Jews, gradually modified the originally Slavic composition of the land, except for the small community of Sorbs in Lusatia, and eventually most of what is now East Germany formed a large part of the historical Kingdom of Prussia.
		Thus, on October 3, 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Economic Community as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	www.wifiiworld.com /wiki-GDR (3971 words)

	Sept 2001, Campaign to support the Free Trade Zone Workers Union of Sri Lanka
		Free Trade Zones (FTZ) are a part of the prevailing economic rationalist ideology which is today being touted as "the only" economic paradigm, synonymous with globalisation, despite numerous other economic and other alternatives existing.
		Free Trade Zones are a key aspect of export orientated development strategy, which is seen as central to the industrialisation or "liberalisation" of the economy of developing countries.
		The union lodged a complaint with the Commissioner of Labour regarding the termination arguing that union members had been discriminated against, the well established principle of "last on first off" had been violated and non payment of wages while the case was being decided.
	www.cleanclothes.org /urgent/01-09-23.htm (5449 words)

	East Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Consequent waves of German settlements later Jewish and French Hugenots gradually advert ethnic of land except the small community of Sorbs in Lusatia.
		The increasing prosperity of West Germany and political oppression in the East led large of East Germans to flee to the The increasing depopulation in the GDR caused political leadership to order the borders closed fences turrets dogs and most of all walls (DDR border system) which included the Berlin Wall in 1961.
		Thus on October 3rd 1990 the East German population was the from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Union as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	www.freeglossary.com /German_Democratic_Republic (1586 words)

	Labor - Economy - Germany - Europe
		Among the reasons for the sluggishness in job creation were the high wage rate common in Germany and the strong trade unions, which sought to protect existing wages and jobs.
		The federations ranged from the powerful metalworkers and autoworkers with 2.7 million members to the leather workers with 22,000 members.
		With the dismantling of some of the largest East German industrial conglomerates and agricultural collectives, whole regions became depressed areas of high unemployment, especially in the north and northeast.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/germany/economy/labor.htm (464 words)

	Welcome to my Homepage! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The NSDAP circular ordering the seizure of the Free Trade Unions on 2 May 1933 directed that the SA and SS were to be used to occupy the branches and paying offices of the Bank for Workers, Employees and Officials and appointed a Nazi commissar, Mueller, for the bank’s subsequent direction.
		The Fuehrer’s basic order on the German Labor Front of the NSDAP in October 1934 declared that all the property of the trade unions and their dependent organizations constituted property of the German Labor Front.
		Referring to the seizure of the property of the unions in a speech at the 1937 Party Congress, Ley mockingly declared that he would have to be convicted if the former trade union leaders were ever to demand the return of their property.
	sites.vwsport.com /vw16vcabby (5298 words)

	Germany - Women in Society
		By the mid-1960s, East German women accounted for about half of all secondary school graduates who had prepared to study at institutes of higher learning in the GDR; by the 1975-76 academic year, they were in the majority (53 percent).
		Expanded educational opportunities for West German women were slower in coming and never equaled the levels reached in the east.
		Two factors were believed to be responsible for the discrepancy between eastern and western rates of attendance at institutes of higher learning: West German women had a stronger orientation toward traditional familial relations; and they had dimmer prospects for admission to particular academic departments and for professional employment after graduation.
	countrystudies.us /germany/91.htm (1344 words)

	Everything about GDR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), was a socialist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		In the first and last free elections of the GDR on March 18, 1990, the leading communist party SED lost the majority in the Volkskammer (the parliament of the GDR), of which they had been guaranteed in the previous elections.
		East German economists and planners were well aware of the alleged strengths and weaknesses of their system of planned economy.
	1491.he.wikimiki.org /en/GDR (10204 words)

	Germany - The Ulbricht Era - Consolidation of the New State
		The most important instrument employed by East German authorities to guarantee their absolute rule was the State Security Service (Staatssicherheitsdienst, commonly referred to as the Stasi).
		One of the most important was the Free German Youth (Freie Deutsche Jugend--FDJ), founded in March 1946, in which young people between the ages of fourteen and twenty-five were to be indoctrinated as members of a new socialist society.
		Together with its suborganization for youngsters from six to fourteen years of age, the Young Pioneers--later called the Pioneer Organization "Ernst Thälmann," in memory of the chief of the KPD during the Weimar Republic, who was killed in a concentration camp--the FDJ soon became an effective instrument for influencing the coming generations.
	countrystudies.us /germany/55.htm (575 words)

	Work Force And Family Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		During the 1980s, the East German population could be roughly divided into four social strata: workers who constituted the vast majority, the privileged political elite, intelligentsia, and privately employed people.
		Almost all workers were members of the SED-controlled Free German Trade Union Federation (Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund – FDGB) which offered a variety of educational, cultural, and social activities (97).
		The equality of women was understood as a goal of socialism, and besides that, there was a large shortage of labor in the GDR which demanded the participation of women in the economy (Parrot).
	www.denison.edu /modlangs/german/GDRwebsite/adulthood.html (1090 words)

	German Democratic Republic Biography,info
		The German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, or DDR, informally known in English as East Germany) was a Communist state which existed from 1949 to 1990 in eastern Germany.
		The German Democratic Republic was proclaimed in East Berlin on October 7, 1949 in the Soviet-occupied zone of Germany, following the proclamation in 1948 of the Federal Republic of Germany ("West Germany") in the former United States, British and French-occupied zones of Germany.
		FC Lokomotive Leipzig had some success) in comparison to the West German national team, which won the world championship in 1990 shortly before the reunification, football was the second-most popular sport after handball.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_GDR (4073 words)

	Attac and German Trade Union Federation hold joint congress in Berlin A "Perspectives Congress" without ...
		Attac and the trade union leadership in Germany are beginning to close ranks against any political challenge from the left.
		The congress was attended by a large number of high-ranking representatives of the official German Federation of Trade Unions (DGB), who in the past would have assiduously avoided any association with such events.
		In addition, there were presidents of large DGB unions: Jürgen Peters (SPD) of the IG Metall; Klaus Wiesehügel (SPD) of the IG Bau, the construction workers’ union; Frank Bsirske (Greens) of ver.di, the union of service sector workers; and Eva-Maria Stange from the teachers’ union, GEW.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2004/may2004/attac-m26_prn.shtml (1932 words)

	About Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Foosball (from the German Fußball = soccer - In German itself it's called Kicker) is also known as table soccer, table football, babyfoot, or gettone.
		Free throws or foul shots, in basketball, are attempts to score points unopposed from the free throw line, and are generally awarded after a foul by the opposing team.
		Freon is a trade name for a group of chlorofluorocarbons used primarily as a refrigerant.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/index_17.html (1374 words)

	Post-War East Germany
		In Berlin, which was still undivided, the SPD had resisted the party merger and, running on its own, had polled 48.7 percent of the vote, thus scoring a major electoral victory and decisively defeating the SED, which, with 19.8 percent, was third in the voting behind the SPD and the CDU.
		The Soviet Union envisaged an East German state controlled by the SED and organized on the Soviet model.
		In addition, the Soviet Union arranged to strengthen the influence of the SED in the antifascist bloc.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/EGermPW.html (1947 words)

	Era Ulbricht
		By 1950 he was chairman of the SED and through a variety of positions ruled the East German state with an iron fist for the next two decades by successfully eliminating every potential competitor within the SED leadership.
		Following the conclusion of the Treaty of Moscow between the FRG and the Soviet Union in January 1970, a new era of communication began between the two German states that culminated in the signing of the Basic Treaty in December 1972.
		The Soviet Union, which had demonstrated considerably more flexibility than the GDR leadership during its negotiations with the FRG, was also irritated by the failure of Ulbricht's economic program and by his attempts to demonstrate ideological independence by adhering to conservative Marxist principles.
	www.robertwise.com /era_ulbricht.htm (2343 words)

	Britain's trade union federation lines up behind Bush/Blair war drive
		The annual conference of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) provided a showcase for the type of sycophancy and cowardice one has come to expect from Britain’s trade unions.
		Having failed to pressure the small rail union TSSA (Transport Salaried Staffs Association) to withdraw its amendment, the executive provocatively denounced the motion as tantamount to treachery, with Roger Lyons, joint general secretary of the Amicus engineering union, claiming it could have been drawn up “by the trades council of Baghdad”.
		Under Blair, the unions have played a key role in enabling the government to cut public spending and hold down wages, whilst ensuring industrial unrest has been kept at a record low.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/sep2002/tuc-s14.shtml (897 words)

	☻ Online Trade ☻ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stocks were modestly lower Friday at the end of a week of zigzag trading that saw a steep selloff early in the week, then a dramatic rebound.
		The deficit in the broadest measure of foreign trade narrowed sharply in the first three months of this year after setting an all-time high at the end of 2005.
		Free access to international trade statistics for Canada and the U.S. for over 5,000 products by Harmonized System codes and over 500 manufacturing/resource industries by NAICS and SIC codes.
	www.onlinetradingnews.info /onlinetrading/federation-free-german-trade... (674 words)

	Germany, East (Former) : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
		Germany, East (Former) : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
		The German Question Today: One Nation or Two?
		Women and the Democratic Women's League of Germany
	memory.loc.gov /frd/cs/gxtoc.html (146 words)

	East German ministries, political parties, etc.
		1945 Christian Democratic Union (CDU) established 1 Oct 1990 merged into West German Christian Democratic Union Chairmen 1945 Andreas Hermes (b.
		Jun 1948 Democratic Peasants' Party of Germany (DBD) established 15 Sep 1990 merged into West German Christian Democratic Union Chairmen Jun 1948 - May 1982 Ernst Goldenbaum (b.
		Dec 1948 National Democratic Party of Germany (NDPD) established 11 Aug 1990 merged into West German Free Democratic Party Chairmen Dec 1948 - Apr 1972 Lothar Bolz (b.
	www.rulers.org /egergovt.html (1107 words)

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