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Topic: Free speech

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Free speech zone

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Copyleft

Berkeley Free Speech Movement

Freedom of religion

Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act

Copyright

Mario Savio

United States Constitution

Flag burning

Internet censorship

Australian Constitution

Grundgesetz

Noam Chomsky

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	Freedom of speech - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Free speech is nowadays also protected by international human rights law, notably under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, although implementation remains lacking in many countries.
		While this type of suppression of speech is even more difficult to prevent than government suppression, there are questions about whether it truly falls within the ambit of freedom of speech, which is typically regarded as a civil liberty, or freedom from government action.
		One form of speech that was widely restricted in England was the law of seditious libel that made criticizing of the government a crime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Free_speech (5804 words)

	The Free Software Definition - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
		Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.
		Thus, you should be free to redistribute copies, either with or without modifications, either gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to anyone anywhere.
		Being free to do these things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay for permission.
	www.gnu.org /philosophy/free-sw.html (1474 words)

	Introduction: The Free Speech Rulebook
		Free speech may be a matter of social convention, or law, and is usually both.
		Or a democracy with significant free speech protections may endure the spectacle of savage social harassment of dissenters-- something that has happened several times in this country and which we appear to be undergoing again today.
		Three of the major tenets of the free speech rulebook are humility, tolerance and optimism.
	www.spectacle.org /296/rulebk.html (2016 words)

	Reason
		Free speech has already been squelched by the new campaign finance reform law.
		When the far Left The Progressive and far Right The American Conservative both decry the creation of free speech zones into which protesters are corralled whenever the President comes to a town, one should pay attention.
		These Orwellian "free speech zones" are typically far away from the venue where the visiting President is appearing, so that he can enjoy a Potemkin village experience in which he sees only an adoring populace through his limousine windows.
	reason.com /links/links020504.shtml (468 words)

	Free Speech 101 - Wartime censorship is alive and well and living on campus. By Dahlia Lithwick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Free Speech 101 - Wartime censorship is alive and well and living on campus.
		Never mind that protesters punched and kicked prospective listeners who were lined up to hear the speech or that the protesters shattered windows, upended newspaper boxes, and hurled furniture.
		Free speech does not encompass the right to fire, suspend, or riot your way into a universe in which everyone agrees with your views, even if you have legitimate grievances.
	slate.msn.com /?id=2071214 (1145 words)

	EPIC Archive - Free Speech
		California, obscenity is speech that (1) the average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find, taken as a whole, to appeal to the prurient interest; (2) depicts or describes in a patently offensive manner specifically defined sexual conduct; and (3) lacks as a whole serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value.
		Speech likely to provoke an average listener to retaliation, and thereby cause a breach of peace, falls outside the protection of the First Amendment because the words have no important role in the marketplace of ideas the freedom of speech is designed to promote.
		Commercial speech, which was warranted no protection by the Court until 1980 in Central Hudson Gas and Electric, is now protected under an intermediate level of scrutiny because the motivation to market goods and services is believed sufficient to overcome any chill caused by government regulation.
	www.epic.org /free_speech (5051 words)

	Berkeley Free Speech Movement, 1963-64 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A new organization, the Free Speech Movement (FSM), was formed with a large executive committee representing its constituent campus organizations.
		And it placed the Free Speech Movement at about the point in the spectrum that much of the student left then spoke from: with no suggestion of violence, thinking of concrete change, its discourse as yet unthickened by dogmatic pseudorevolutionary verbiage.
		Free Speech supporters came to the meeting in force along with many students sympathetic to the administration's tone of moderation.
	www.writing.upenn.edu /~afilreis/50s/berkeley.html (3655 words)

	The Free Speech Movement: Media Resources, University of California Berkeley
		Key participants in the Free Speech Movement which occurred at the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 address students on the 30th anniversary of the student movement at the International House concerning their views on the current political situation in the United States.
		Key participants in the Free Speech Movement which occurred at the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 address students thirty years later in Sproul Plaza, the sight of the student strike and current sight of the "open forum" for ideological debate at UCB which resulted from the Free Speech Movement.
		A panel of participants in the Free Speech Movement which occured at the University of California, Berkeley in 1964 engage in a historical retrospective on the movement's impact and debate current political situations and philosophies.
	www.lib.berkeley.edu /MRC/FSM.html (2712 words)

	Introduction to the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment
		Certain categories of speech are seen (such as, for example, obscenity or "fighting words" or--at one time--commercial speech) as falling entirely outside of First Amendment protection, whereas most other categories of speech are either highly protected or protected absolutely.
		It has been argued that freedom of speech, especially through our practice of extending protection to speech that we find hateful or personally upsetting, teaches us to become more tolerant in other aspects of life--and that a more tolerant society is a better society.
		A community in which free speech is valued and protected is likely to be a more energized, creative society as its citizens actively fulfill themselves in many diverse and interesting ways.
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/firstaminto.htm (1184 words)

	Atheism and Intraorganizational Free Speech
		In particular, Mill argues that one should not suppress speech on the grounds that it is immoral, shocking, unorthodox, or heretical, and especially not simply because it is false.
		But there is no evidence that her speech was defamatory, incitive to violence and so forth.[3] In this case, Mill's two branch argument works well.
		It might be argued that if harmful speech of this kind is uttered by a member of an atheistic organization, this should be handled through the criminal or civil law.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/michael_martin/free_speech.html (1891 words)

	LII: Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
		A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
		No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
	www.law.cornell.edu /constitution/constitution.billofrights.html (273 words)

	FSF - The Free Software Foundation
		You can read more about free software in our essays section, in the philosophy section of gnu.org, and in the pages of the independently published Free Software Magazine.
		Today the GNU GPL is the most widely used Free Software license, and as its author, the FSF works to help the wider community use and comprehend it.
		The Free Software Directory was started in September 1999 to catalog all useful free software that runs under free operating systems.
	www.fsf.org (576 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Issues: Human Rights and Liberties: Free Speech (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Free Expression Network - Current news, features and trend analysis in free expression issues in U.S. Free Speech Movement Archives - Documents, photos, and essays on the events of the 1964 movement in Berkeley.
		Green Ribbon Campaign - Publisher campaign asking webmasters who agree that the true right of free speech is accurately carried out when self-restraint is responsibly exercised to add their ribbon graphic to their site.
		There Is 'No Constitutional Protected Right' of Freedom of Speech - Argues that there is no constitutional right of freedom of speech or of press in America since a person could be defamed, sued or boycotted.
	dmoz.org /Society/Issues/Human_Rights_and_Liberties/Free_Speech (811 words)

	JWA - Emma Goldman - Free Speech
		The First Amendment to the Constitution notwithstanding, freedom of speech was far from guaranteed in late nineteenth and early twentieth century America.
		Under surveillance for much of her adult career, Goldman was arrested so often that she began to carry a book wherever she went, for fear of sitting in jail with nothing to read.
		In 1903, Goldman became involved with the Free Speech League in New York City, which had become increasingly active in the wake of anti-anarchist laws passed after President McKinley's assassination in 1901.
	www.jwa.org /exhibits/wov/goldman/speech.html (324 words)

	Free Speech Pen at DNC 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Why is the "free speech zone" penned in and the delegates in the open?
		How did we get to the point where some citizen speech is penned and the people who are imposing themselves with extraordinary security needs (which us taxpayers are footing the bill for) speak and roam freely.
		Free speech and assembly on the line Boston Pheonix, May 21 - 27, 2004
	www.vulnwatch.org /misc/pics/free-speech-pen (283 words)

	“Free-Speech Zone”
		Presuming that terrorists are as unimaginative and predictable as the average federal bureaucrat is not a recipe for presidential longevity.
		Protesters will be free to speak as much as they like just as long as they can’t be heard.” Demonstrators were shunted to an area away from the Federal Parliament building and prohibited from using any public address system in the area.
		But instead of a “free speech zone”—as such areas are labeled in the U.S.—the Bush administration demanded an “exclusion zone” to protect Bush from protesters’ messages.
	www.amconmag.com /12_15_03/feature.html (1822 words)

	Quarantining dissent / How the Secret Service protects Bush from free speech
		The Bush administration's anti-protester bias proved embarrassing for two American allies with long traditions of raucous free speech, resulting in some of the most repressive restrictions in memory in free countries.
		The FBI took a shotgun approach toward protesters partly because of the FBI's "belief that dissident speech and association should be prevented because they were incipient steps toward the possible ultimate commission of act which might be criminal," according to a Senate report.
		On Nov. 23 news broke that the FBI is actively conducting surveillance of antiwar demonstrators, supposedly to "blunt potential violence by extremist elements," according to a Reuters interview with a federal law enforcement official.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/01/04/INGPQ40MB81.DTL&type=printable (1858 words)

	Free Speech -- Virtually (washingtonpost.com)
		Free Web-based software has made it so easy to publish a blog that even the code-phobic can thrive in a world once dominated by HTML wizards.
		Groove also notes that at times employees may be asked to "temporarily confine" their commentary to topics unrelated to the company or to "temporarily suspend" publishing to comply with securities or other regulations.
		"We tried to strike a respectful balance that would encourage people to exercise their right to free expression while observing their responsibility to protect confidential information and be respectful [of companies] with whom we did business," Seul said.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A9204-2002Dec18 (1584 words)

	Salon.com Technology \| Playing games with free speech
		The U.S. District Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit has already ruled, in a separate case involving a similar ordinance, that games are indeed speech.
		One more uninformed ruling, and the potential of this medium could be curtailed even further, by legislators with elections to win, and ideologues who've pincered it from both sides of the political spectrum.
		The stakes really are the future of free expression; and as this ruling makes plain, the need for the game industry to mount a preemptive attack is past due.
	www.salon.com /tech/feature/2002/05/06/games_as_speech (707 words)

	Ars Technica: Is code free speech? - Page 1 (4/99) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A while back, I posted a new blurb that dealt with strong encryption and free speech issues.
		He and his lawyers are arguing that source code is basically a linguistic expression and should therefore have full First Amendment protection as free speech.
		The government, on the other hand, is arguing that source code is a device just like circuitry, not a form of speech.
	arstechnica.com /wankerdesk/2q99/freespeech-1.html (539 words)

	'Nuking' Free Speech (washingtonpost.com)
		Rather, some in the Senate are considering dropping a legislative bomb that threatens the rights to dissent, to unlimited debate and to freedom of speech.
		If senators are denied their right to free speech on judicial nominations, an attack on extended debate on all other matters cannot be far behind.
		This would mean no leverage for the minority to effect compromise, and no bargaining power for individual senators as they strive to represent the people of their states.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A5692-2005Mar3.html (542 words)

	CDT \| Communications Decency Act (CDA)
		In a landmark 1997 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the Internet is a unique medium entitled to the highest protection under the free speech protections of the First Amendment to the US Constitution.
		Writing for the court, Justice John Paul Stevens held that "the CDA places an unacceptably heavy burden on protected speech" and found that all provisions of the CDA are unconsitutional as they apply to "indecent" or "patently offensive" speech.
		CDT strongly opposed this legislation because it threatened the very existence of the Internet as a means for free expression, education, and political discourse.
	www.cdt.org /speech/cda (441 words)

	The Canadian Association for Free Expression (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Founded in 1981, the Canadian Association for Free Expression believes free speech and discussion are essential to any functioning democracy.
		Freedom of speech and freedom to express one's beliefs are essential to human dignity and liberty.
		The Association, through publishing, lectures, conferences, court interventions and lobbying fights to protect these basic human rights and to promote to the maximum the Charter guaranteed rights of freedom of speech, freedom of belief, freedom of expression and freedom of assembly.
	www.canadianfreespeech.com (77 words)

	Free Speech Seattle
		The ordinance SMC 15.48.100 has been ruled to be a bad law, one which is "an unconstitutional restriction on free speech.".
		We are a group of Seattle citizens who feel the anti-postering ordinance has hampered freedom of speech and had a drastic effect on Seattle's music and political communities, as well as anybody trying to hold a garage sale or find their lost puppy.
		In 1999, we ran a city-wide initiative to amend the ordinance to allow for posting on public utility poles.
	www.freespeechseattle.org (386 words)

	Free Speech . . . under attack
		However, this latest attack on free speech is occurring nationwide, with Time Warner subscribers from New York to California reporting that their access to the websites is being blocked.
		Freedom of speech is the foundation of a functioning democracy, and Internet bullies shouldn't use the law to stifle legitimate free expression.
		The fact of the matter is, tactics such as those contemplated in last year's FBI memo, and approved by the Justice Department this past spring, do chill free speech.
	www.matrixmasters.com /blog/speech01.html (9216 words)

	AlterNet: MediaCulture: Free Speech Impediment
		But the final script – the one that was actually shot for the show that will appear on Sunday – has been thoroughly scrubbed on orders from top ABC network executives, and all mention of Fox News and O’Reilly has been sent down the Memory Hole.
		Speaking of free speech, there’s another, related issue to consider as well – the unexplained fact that Robert Greenwald, creator of the Outfoxed documentary (which curiously is still excerpted and mentioned by name in Sunday’s episode) was unable to purchase time on the ABC network to advertise his film.
		And while you’re at it, why not ask David E. Kelley what pressure was brought to bear on him to censor an episode of his series – one supposedly devoted to the issue of free speech.
	www.alternet.org /mediaculture/21463 (1288 words)

	Warblogging.com: Free Speech Zones and John Ashcroft — Read in the White House (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		They allow protesters to assemble in "free speech zones", which are often fenced-in areas hundreds of yards or even a mile away from the site of the President's appearance.
		He was protesting at a speech by President Bush and decided that no "Free Speech Zone" would hem him in.
		Warblogging stands proudly in the free speech zone that is America.
	www.warblogging.com /archives/000655.php (1432 words)

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