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Topic: Freeze (software engineering)

	The Nature of Software: What's So Special About Software Engineering?
		Software development techniques, and the environment of software itself, are changing at an extremely rapid pace that does not allow for progressively consolidating a body of knowledge.
		Software engineers speak about design, but by this they mean only a high-level description of their intent, and then they think of program construction as akin to manufacturing.
		that software engineering should be treated on an equal footing with other engineering disciplines and not solely as computer science or some kind of enlightened craftsmanship, then I also have to acknowledge fundamental differences that make some of the more traditional approaches to engineering and engineering management inapplicable to software.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/rational/library/4700.html (1523 words)

	Peter Suber, "What is Software?"
		Software is not defined as a pattern of any particular material; it is defined as pattern that may be represented in many different materials.
		The pattern of a key is used as software when the key opens a lock; it is used as data when it is used as the model for cutting a duplicate or when it is visually compared to another for identity.
		Patterns that could function as software but that are currently functioning as data cannot escape their "data position" and assume the "software position" by virtue of any information they contain, unless the pattern in the "software position" permits it.
	www.earlham.edu /~peters/writing/software.htm (12587 words)

	Software Engineering Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		First establishing the need for discipline in software engineering, software engineering project and the benefits to practitioners of learning how to manage their personal software process, Humphrey then develops a model that they can use to monitor, test, software engineering project and improve their work.
		Methodology (software engineering) - In software engineering and project management, a methodology is a codified set of practices (sometimes accompanied by training materials, formal educational programs, worksheets, and diagramming tools) that may be repeatably carried out to produce software.
		Freeze (software engineering) - In software engineering, a freeze represents a point in time in the development process after which the rules for making changes to the source code or related resources become more strict.
	www.gmacalgary.com /softwareengineeringproject.html (838 words)

	Software Acquisition Top 10
		Software developments can first proceed through a stage of architecture development, which can be examined and analyzed for quality and flexibility, and then proceed to development of one or more software artifacts themselves.
		Software code reuse can also take place at the module, object and subroutine levels, in much the same manner as common bricks, lumber, hinges, brackets, wall board and like components are employed to build houses.
		Software also involves creative cognitive activity, and the capability of individual software developers can vary by several orders of magnitude, so predicting software development cost and schedule is often difficult.
	web.nps.navy.mil /~menissen/swtop10.htm (2349 words)

	Reverse-Engineering the Euro - Software Reality
		The Euro is showing signs of faltering; and the software infrastructure which we've built around it may have to be deconstructed as EU countries threaten to return to their own currencies.
		In this scenario, software and client accounts would have to be modified to deal with the new currency during the transition period, possibly a few weeks.
		Again software, and client accounts would have to be modified to deal with the new currency during the transition period, but there would be a need to handle the floating rates between Counterparty accounts.
	www.softwarereality.com /soapbox/euro.jsp (1549 words)

	Software Engineering - FAQ's
		Software Evolution : This is characterized by genotypes and phenotypes.
		The software Engineers carry our a detailed study of the users requirement.They then arrive at the proposed system to be built.The model of this system is to be used to freeze all requirements before the next phase begins.
		It enables the software engineer to derive sets of input conditions that will fully exercise all functional requirements for a program.Black box testing is not an alternative to white box testing techniques.Rather it is a complementary approach that is likely to uncover a different class of errors than white box methods.
	jminds.hollosite.com /resources/SE/SE_FAQ1.htm (3485 words)

	[No title]
		Licensing your Software On one (somewhat simplistic) level, the difference between a piece of free software and a piece of propriety software is the license.
		Freezing For those projects that choose to adopt a split development model (Section 3.3), freezing is a concept that is worth becoming familiar with.
		Most released software is in what could be interpreted as a sort of high level "code freeze." Even if you never choose to appoint a release manager (Section 3.1.1.2), you will have an easier time justifying the rejection or postponement of patches (Section 3.2) before a release with a publicly stated freeze in effect.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Software-Proj-Mgmt-HOWTO (16202 words)

	Freeze (software engineering) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In software engineering, a freeze represents a point in time in the development process after which the rules for making changes to the source code or related resources become more strict.
		A freeze helps move the project forward towards a release or the end of an iteration.
		The stricter rules may include only allowing changes which fix bugs, or allowing changes only after thorough review by other members of the development team.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Freeze_(software_engineering) (112 words)

	AdaIC Flyers -- Ada and Software Engineering: Today's Challenge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		With the ubiquitous advances in software as a technology and as an integral part of our increasingly complex lifestyles, let me share with you one vision into the future and the challenges that must be transformed into enablers.
		After the initial "Ugh" from the software engineers, they immersed themselves in Ada and have now not just embraced it, but have adopted it as their language of choice.
		If the software does not exhibit a modular structure that anticipates changes in both mission and technology, then we will be faced with a heavy, and perhaps unaffordable, burden of maintenance costs.
	archive.adaic.com /docs/flyers/sears.html (4299 words)

	ACM Computing Surveys : Supporting Software Engineering with Open Hypermedia
		Software engineers are tasked with the formidable goal of managing this collection such that information is accessible, arranged cohesively, and organized consistently.
		A software engineer using Neptune could, for instance, create a link between a requirements document and a design diagram, as long as both artifacts were managed by the CAD applications built on top of the HAM.
		This paper has identified several issues encountered by software engineers in managing the relationships that exist between their software artifacts and has described why the open hypermedia approach is well-suited to address this problem domain.
	www.cs.brown.edu /memex/ACM_HypertextTestbed/papers/46.html (2305 words)

	freeze - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Freeze : Hormel Glossary of Kitchen and Food Terms [home, info]
		Phrases that include freeze: freeze dry, freeze drying, freeze out, freeze etching, freeze up, more...
		Words similar to freeze: block, freezing, freezingly, frost, froze, frozen, halt, immobilize, suspend, freeze down, freeze out, ice, stop dead, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=freeze (447 words)

	Fluid flow software - CFD - CAE - Passage® fluid flow simulation software and engineering
		Software is a collection of finite element programs for flow, heat transfer and related analyses.
		software is a collection of 3D and 1D finite element programs solving complex flow, heat transfer and other related problems in product design and manufacturing using advance CFD and other CAE software and techniques.
		Passage Flow or any other Passage 3D software can be used to do further analysis to improve specific component performance, understand and visualize complex flow behavior and solve any flow and heat transfer problems.
	www.technalysis.us /engineering_software.htm (328 words)

	STSC CrossTalk - F-22 Software Risk Reduction - May 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		The ATF software development team was composed of the three prime contractors, four major suppliers, and more than a dozen smaller suppliers, all of whom had to have a common goal of developing an operational flight program (OFP) for the ATF.
		Not surprisingly, software development risk mitigation was near the top of the list, since the ATF was to be the most software-intensive airplane built for the Air Force.
		Commonality at the software code development level may not be as critical today as it was 10 years ago due to the intercommunication between computer systems, which is a lot easier than it used to be.
	www.stsc.hill.af.mil /crossTalk/2000/05/moody.html (2831 words)

	The Case For Results-Based Software Management - Technology News by InformationWeek (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		But decades of software projects have shown us that traditional modes of construction are very different from the diverse ways in which software is designed and delivered to the customer.
		What we've learned is that software management is better described in terms of "software economics" than "software construction" or "software engineering." Day-to-day decisions in software management are about value judgments, cost tradeoffs, human factors, macroeconomic trends, technology trends, market strength, and timing.
		When software projects do not succeed, the primary reason is usually a failure to crisply define and execute these two stages, with proper balance and appropriate emphasis.
	www.informationweek.com /story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=6502386 (1317 words)

	Streamed Lines: Branching Patterns for Parallel Software Development
		The result of rampant abuse of gotos is commonly called "spaghetti code" so Ive dubbed it the branching equivalent "spaghetti branching." In the case of spaghetti code, the control-flow hierarchy of a program is adversely cluttered with many undesirable and unwieldy dependencies between subroutines and between modules.
		Or else the engineer always has "one last change" to add just when they thought they were finished.
		One alternative is to freeze the release-line, but allow it to sync-up with the mainline so another codeline can be spawned for work on subsequent releases (as in overlapping release lines.
	www.cmcrossroads.com /bradapp/acme/branching/pitfalls.html (5114 words)

	Sam Guckenheimer, software engineering and VSTS
		Other issues for software engineering books are depth (some dwell on minutiae, some gloss over major concepts) and focus (there are a lot of disciplines covered within a full development team — you can satisfy one narrow audience, but freeze out the rest).
		A small team of engineers at the Scripps Research Institute for biomedics has quickly built a 3D rendering app using Windows Presentation Foundation.
		"Software Engineering with Microsoft Visual Studio Team System" is not a book for developers or architects if what they want is something that can't be understood outside of their own discipline.
	www.theserverside.net /news/thread.tss?thread_id=41125 (3642 words)

	LWN: Software, reverse engineering and the law
		The ban on reverse engineering is just another example -- we are shooting the American industry in the head, with little actual benefit for anyone (publisher or engineer) in the United States, but plenty of benefit for engineers in all the rest of the world.
		Reverse engineering of manufactured products was originally designed, in US law, as a kind of balancing limit on trade secret protection, to ensure that a company couldn't gain, through that back door, a perpetual, unlimited monopoly on unpatented inventions.
		Sadly, software patents are now granted in the US without applicants having to reveal all the inner workings, so some legal commentators have argued that reverse engineering doesn't infringe under the first sale principle of patent law, or if you do it to satisfy your scientific curiosity, that you could assert an experimental use defense.
	lwn.net /Articles/134642 (7746 words)

	Rescuing Programmers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		If that is the case, the web browser you are using was created by programmers who designed the program and coded the thousands of lines of instructions, which the computer follows to generate a web browser on your screen.
		Because humans cannot be ideal master coders, the attitude that software engineering is only coding leads programmers straight into disastrous experiences.
		Donald J Reifer, Is the software engineering state of the practice getting closer to the state of the art?, IEEE Software, Nov/Dec 2003, Vol.
	web.mit.edu /bramsen/www/Rescue.html (1208 words)

	Brad Appleton's Software Engineering Links
		SEworld is an internet resource which provides the Software Engineering community with timely announcements of conferences, workshops, symposia, special journal issues, calls for papers, research and educational systems, and the like.
		The Software Research Laboratory (SRL) is a cooperative effort between the NASA Office of Safety and Mission Assurance (OSMA) and West Virginia University.
		Within ARCS we study the architecture of software systems and the composition of software components in such systems, primarily from the perspective of the object-oriented paradigm.
	www.cmcrossroads.com /bradapp/links/swe-links.html (2143 words)

	Amazon.ca: Mythical Man-Month, The: Essays on Software Engineering, Anniversary Edition: Books: Frederick P. Brooks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Software tools and development environments may have changed in the 21 years since the first edition of this book, but the peculiarly nonlinear economies of scale in collaborative work and the nature of individuals and groups has not changed an epsilon.
		If you have managed some software projects or have worked on some non-trivial software systems, undoubtedly you have faced many difficulties and challenges that you thought were unique to your circumstance.
		It has defined the agenda for the software engineering field, as well as guide the organizational design for many software and IT organizations.
	www.amazon.ca /Mythical-Man-Month-Software-Engineering-Anniversary/dp/0201835959 (1562 words)

	ScienceDaily: Software Learns To Recognize Spring Thaw
		Using this software, the Space Technology 6 Autonomous SciencecraftExperiment autonomously tracked changes in the cryosphere, the sectionof Earth that is frozen, and relayed the information and images back toscientists.
		In fact,the new software has learned to classify the images so well thatscientists plan to use it for the remainder of the mission.
		Future versions of the software also might be used to track duststorms on Mars, search for ice volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Europa, andmonitor activity on Jupiter's volcanically active moon Io.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/08/050819093826.htm (891 words)

	Weaknesses of RAP Software Process
		Projects should consciously identify the software process to be used.
		Projects should be allowed to pick and choose their process as opposed to having one imposed externally.
		Reliability of software is particularly important for novice users/customers.
	www.cisl.ucar.edu /secomm/Software_Planning_Mtg_Notes.htm (313 words)

	Architectures for Distributed Interactive Simulation
		A software architectural style (definition number 3) can be thought of as an idiomatic modeling technique/style from which an instance of a system architecture/model is created.
		The logical software architecture emphasizes the logical structure of the system; that is constructs are separately visible to the developer regardless of how they are compiled and packaged at run-time.
		All software components, independent of the aircraft component they simulate, are consistently realized in software as Ada packages with private internal states and an identical set of procedures that operate on the components.
	www.sei.cmu.edu /architecture/Architectures_for_DIS.html (7461 words)

	Technology Highlights
		Panda Software's technologies function as a unified system that simultaneously combats both known and unknown viruses, spyware, Trojans, worms and other threats, applying a layered protection model to secure the network and all devices within it.
		Unlike other companies in the industry, all of Panda Software's products include the same signature-based detection engine, and as a result they all have the same capacity to detect and eliminate threats.
		This engine is also available as an SDK (Software Development Kit) for companies that want to incorporate the capacity to detect and eliminate known threats in their software products.
	www.pandasoftware.com /about_panda/technology (1253 words)

	Software Engineering Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Software Engineering YEAR 2000 developed programs for the cataclysm in the Year 2000+!.
		A ticking time-bomb that explodes in the Year 2000 will cause a crunching freeze of all computers and software without preparation for the next century.
		You can also register for the Software Engineering customer newsletter,which is planned to be sent out by E-Mail every month.
	users.aol.com /stanmorgan/website.htm (158 words)

	Software Quality Metrics Overview > In-Process Quality Metrics
		Higher defect rates found during testing is an indicator that the software has experienced higher error injection during its development process, unless the higher testing defect rate is due to an extraordinary testing effort—for example, additional testing or a new testing approach that was deemed more effective in detecting defects.
		The rationale for the positive correlation is simple: Software defect density never follows the uniform distribution.
		That principle is another expression of the positive correlation between defect rates during testing and in the field or between defect rates between phases of testing.
	www.informit.com /articles/article.asp?p=30306&seqNum=2&rl=1 (1422 words)

	The Future of Software Engineering: III
		While the 360 architecture essentially froze the border between the hardware and the software, it was a temporary freeze and, over the next few years, system designers moved many software functions into the hardware.
		Unfortunately this architectural freeze means that software continues to provide many functions that hardware could handle more rapidly and economically.
		In these columns, I discuss software issues and the impact of quality and process on engineers and their organizations.
	www.sei.cmu.edu /news-at-sei/columns/watts_new/2001/3q01/watts-3q01.htm (1834 words)

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