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Topic: Freeze drying

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Freeze drying - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Freeze drying works by freezing the material and then reducing the surrounding pressure to allow the frozen water in the material to sublimate directly from the solid phase to gas. Freeze drying is used in the manufacture of instant coffee as well as some pharmaceuticals. Freeze drying (also known as Lyophilization) is a dehydration process typically used to preserve a perishable material or make the material more convenient for transport. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Freeze_drying   (474 words)

Freeze - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Freeze drying, a method or rapidly removing moisture from food products, especially instant coffee. Freeze, a particularly cold spell of weather, a snow storm or an ice storm. Freeze (software engineering), in software engineering, is a period of stricter rules for changing the software. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Freeze   (177 words)

Benefits of Freeze Drying - Klamath Blue Green Algae Freeze drying is widely used to preserve sensitive pharmaceutical proteins and similar molecules, such as enzymes. Today freeze drying is regarded as the "gold standard" of drying methods, where the preservation of biological activity, flavor, aroma, and/or chemistry are important. Freeze drying is so effective in processing chemical components that small living organisms can be preserved and kept alive during and after freeze drying. www.klamathbluegreen.com /whyfreezedry.htm   (813 words)

Industrial Food Ingredients Commercially, the process is reffered to as freeze drying and when heat is applied to make the process economically viable, it is referred to as "accelerated freeze drying" (Figure 1). Freeze drying is a rather specialized segment of the food industry. With freeze drying, the moisture is being sublimed from the product while it's in the frozen state which permits maintenance of the natural fresh fruit flavor. www.ofd.com /news/confectionary/1.html   (648 words)

Heat and Mass Transfer Scale-up Issues During Freeze-Drying, I: Atypical Radiation and the Edge Vial Effect While modern freeze dryers are constructed to minimize direct "views" of the extreme temperatures of the condenser, the potential for variability in drying rates arising from atypical radiation effects cannot be ignored, especially in the case of vials on the edge of the vial array close to the freeze dryer door or view port. Freeze drying was performed on a laboratory-scale freeze dryer using pure water with vials that were fully stoppered but had precision cut metal tubes inserted in them to ensure uniformity in resistance to vapor flow. This drying heterogeneity could be a serious problem in process control, where the product in these vials is very likely to collapse if primary drying is conducted at temperatures close to the glass transition temperature of interior (ie, middle) vials. www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt040214&pdf=yes   (3893 words)

A comparison of methods for drying seeds: vacuum freeze-drier versus silica gel - Hu, X., Zhang, Y., Hu, C., Tao, M. & Chen, S. Drying rates using silica gel or a freeze-drier were comparable, but lower water contents could be obtained using silica gel; also, silica gel was readily available and the daily rental fees made the cost of freeze drying prohibitive, thus drying using silica gel was the preferred method. Drying time courses for barley (top), kenaf (middle) and rice and oat (bottom) seeds that were freeze dried (open squares) or dried over silica gel with (solid stars) and without (solid diamonds) a circulating fan in the desiccator. Drying to low water contents had no measurable effect on germination percentage. www.ipgri.cgiar.org /publications/HTMLPublications/243/ch07.htm   (2731 words)

Freeze Dryers and Freeze Drying from Atlas for Coffee and Food Industry The freeze drying and vacuum dry condensing activities will be part of the food and Dairy Division of Niro A/S, Steen Lassen, former General Manager of the Atlas-Stord Food Division, will be responsible for the day to day operation and as Deputy Division Manager will report to the Food and Dairy Division Manager, Kristian Skaarup. Freeze drying is a superior preservation method for a variety of foods and food ingredients. The freeze drying group (Atlas) will be represented by Niro Inc.'s chemical division in North America. www.niroinc.com /html/chemical/freezedryers.html   (467 words)

Freeze Drying Freeze drying, or vacuum freeze drying--controlled drying in a sub-freezing vacuum--is coning to be the preferred method for wet books, because the water sublimes or goes straight from the solid phase (ice) to the vapor phase. But freeze drying of green beans is not the sane as freeze drying of books. Although there have been a number of articles published about how different libraries dried their books after a disaster, there has been very little research on freeze drying as such. palimpsest.stanford.edu /byorg/abbey/an/an10/an10-5/an10-505.html   (775 words)

Transtopia -- Plastination, Freeze Drying and Pet Preservation Freeze dried food for instance tends to suffer from a "woody" texture which is due to ice crystal growth during the process of freeze drying. Freeze drying pets and other animals, used purely as a convenient taxidermy alternative, seems to be becoming quite a lucrative business in the US, with more and more taxidermists switching to this in many ways superior technique. Freeze Dry Co. "Pioneering the floral freeze dry industry since 1978." Though intended for the treatment of flowers 'n' stuff, these huge machines might also be used for whole-body (or multi-brain) freeze drying. www.transtopia.org /plastination.html#pets   (10588 words)

Heat and Mass Transfer Scale-up Issues during Freeze Drying: II. Control and Characterization of the Degree of Supercooling Freeze drying of mannitol was performed at a shelf temperature of +5°C and a chamber pressure of 100 mTorr. Since the freezing procedure used enables crystallization of mannitol during freezing itself, vial breakage, a feature commonly associated with the crystallization of mannitol during primary drying, is not an issue. Ostwald ripening, a phenomenon that occurs during annealing, results in the formation of larger crystals (which means larger pores) at the expense of smaller ones, and is believed to be responsible for the significant increases in the primary drying rate observed upon annealing. www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt050458&pdf=yes   (5142 words)

Lyophilization: Freeze-Drying Lyophilization, also called freeze-drying, is a method of drying that significantly reduces such damage. Because lyophilization is the most complex and expensive form of drying, its use is usually restricted to delicate, heat-sensitive materials of high value. (Important exceptions are mammalian cells, nearly all of which are destroyed by lyophilized.) Many microorganisms and proteins survive lyophilization well, and it is a favored method of drying vaccines, pharmaceuticals, blood fractions, and diagnostics. www.rpi.edu /dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/LYO   (212 words)

Microplate and Vial Freeze-Drying Unit Not only does freeze drying increase the stability of biomolecules it greatly enhances the solubility of many molecular species, including RNA and peptides. Following drying, a valve attached to the unit is closed, thus retaining a sterile vacuum environment, and the box is transferred to a sterile hood. After the samples freeze (e.g., after several hours) the unit is connected to a freeze-dryer via a quick release hose attached to one of the freeze-dryer ports (several configurations are possible). www.btc-bti.com /product_literature/freezedryingspecs.htm   (564 words)

Pet Taxidermy Pet Preservation Freeze Dry Service Freeze drying is a method of preservation that removes liquid from a frozen object by vacuum. The freeze drying continues until all of the Pet preservation freeze dry taxidermy for cats, dogs and all family pets. www.petpreservations.com /faq.html   (528 words)

r8707e.rtf Freeze-drying was initially considered a possible course of action for drying by sublimation; temporary arrange ments had been made to place railroad freight cars on a siding near the records center in case they were needed to freeze and stabilize the water-damaged records. Freeze-drying is one of the methods employed successfully in drying pre-treated (polyethylene glucol impregnation) wood in order to prevent the normal movement of water which would cause the collapse of damaged cells (24). In freeze- drying of these specimens there is faithful retention of appearance and tissue structure - prevention of shrinkage which is vitally important. www.unesco.org /webworld/ramp/rtf/books/r8707e.rtf   (20157 words)

Freeze Drying Equipment : Atlas Denmark offers Batch Plant RAY™ Freeze Dryer Continuous, detailed refinement of the basic concept over the years means that the RAY™ freeze-drying installations - as demonstrated in the flow diagram - have a technical balance and operational efficiency which are second to none. One preparation shift provides sufficient product for 24 hours of freeze drying. Drying is carefully controlled throughout the temperature range. www.niroinc.com /html/chemical/freezedryingequip.html   (155 words)

Freeze Dry Systems Ltd :: Vacuum and Freeze Drying Vacuum freeze drying is a method of preserving a wide variety of products with minimal loss of their original physical qualities. At Freeze Dry Systems we offer a full range of services within the vacuum and freeze drying industries. We can assist at each stage of the process, from the initial consideration of the benefits of freeze drying through to full production and maintenance. www.vacuumandrefrig.co.nz   (206 words)

Taxidermy.Net: Freeze Drying Services Freeze drying turkey heads and all types of antlers In velvet. Kulis Freeze Dry Taxidermy was established in 1968, and has grown into one of the largest taxidermy studios in the Midwest. We are a full service, full time wholesale taxidermy shop, offering both conventional and freeze dry services and a very rapid turnaround time. www.taxidermy.net /suppliers/wholesalefreezedry.html   (493 words)

PRESERVATION OF BACTERIA BY FREEZE-DRYING (1) 6.3 When cool the vials are attached to the manifold of the freeze-drying machine for secondary drying at least for 2 hours or overnight. Note: Primary drying is not complete if not all ice has disappeared or if the vials removed from the chamber are still cold. After drying the bacteria are stored under vacuum in glass vials. www.cabri.org /guidelines/micro-organisms/M300Ap508.html   (697 words)

Freeze-Drying Equipment - FTS - manifold freeze dryer, freeze-drying machine The Flexi-Dry MP™ is a compact freeze-dryer with a rapid drying rate. Our benchtop freeze-dryers are known throughout the industry for their ironclad reliability and ease of operation – qualities which enable them to be kept in near continuous operation. Our line of RandD freeze-dryers is designed to provide researchers with the ability to select equipment with the features and capacity best suited to their application. www.ftssystems.com /ManifoldSystems.htm   (139 words)

A Moment of Science: Freeze Drying Using a freeze drying machine you'd first freeze the tomato in order to change its water into ice. The pharmaceutical industry relies on freeze drying to give its products a long shelf life. That's because when you freeze dry something, you're essentially removing all the water from it. amos.indiana.edu /library/scripts/freezedry.html   (255 words)

Freeze Drying Flowers, Freeze-Dried Bouquets With the development of mechanical refrigeration and vacuum systems during World War II, freeze- drying was developed to assist the storage of human plasma. Processes involving chemicals, Others have attempted cryogenics, sterilization, irradiation and dehydration, but freeze-drying is still regarded as the finest method of capturing the original state. (See pix of the Freeze Dry Machine) Everyday I increase the temperature in the chamber one degree until they are dry. www.frostedfloralmemories.com /freeze_drying.htm   (1139 words)

CMNH Disaster Plan Dehumidification has the advantage of drying the materials in place on the shelves or in storage boxes, eliminating the time and expense of removing materials to a freezer or vacuum chamber. It is important to understand how each vacuum drying process operates so you can request the correct method; and ask specific questions of the potential commercial firm (such as whether the materials remain wet or frozen). It is a very acceptable manner of drying wet records if distortion is not a problem, but it often produces extreme distortion in bound volumes, and causes adhesion of coated paper. www.carnegiemnh.org /library/disaster_manual.htm   (4439 words)

Freeze drying Question #2 - The vacuum on the drying chamber is the force that causes the water molecules to diffuse through the specimen and sublime. The dried microorganisms are reconstituted, cultured, and used in bioconversion reactions. Food specimens are dried at a relatively high temperature but the time used to dry must be carefully chosen to prevent loss of taste. www.rpi.edu /dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/DOWNSTREAM/lyo.htm   (856 words)

Freeze drying Freeze drying and arranging is as much of an art as it is a When no more ice forms the freeze drying is done. The flowers are placed in a the freeze drier's specimen chamber at -20F for www.foxvalleyweddings.com /Freeze_drying.html   (417 words)

Freeze-Drying Process Vacuum Freeze Drying is noninvasive and produces no chemical damage. Frozen material is placed into a vacuum chamber where the freeze-drying process takes place. Decide which drying procedure is best suited for the situation. www.americanfreezedry.com /process.htm   (156 words)

Freeze Drying At Home That is why freeze drying is a popular preservation technique. When all of the slices are completely dry, what you have is freeze-dried apples, potatoes and carrots. That is the water in the slices will convert straight from solid water to water vapor, never going through the liquid state (this is the same thing that mothballs do, going straight from a solid to a gaseous state - mothballs are the only thing in a normal person's life that sublimate naturally). www.i4at.org /surv/freeze.htm   (394 words)

Howstuffworks "How Freeze-Drying Works" We'll also see how freeze drying is different from ordinary dehydration, and we'll find out about some of its important applications. In this article, we'll explore the basic idea behind freeze-drying, and we'll look at the different steps involved in the process. home.howstuffworks.com /freeze-drying.htm   (104 words)

GARDENING : Other : Freeze-Dried Flowers : DIY Network Drying a load of flowers takes 12 to 14 days in a larger machine. Larger models work the same as smaller machines, removing air from the chamber and crystallizing the moisture as it is removed from the flowers. Larger commercial machines are available that will accept an entire bouquet. diynetwork.com /diy/gf_other/article/0,2029,DIY_13835_2269716,00.html   (276 words)

Freeze Drying Glassware, freeze dryer, lyophilizer Designed to accept many bulk specimens, the freezing dryer glassware are compatible with all laboratory freeze dryer brands. Extra wide mouth insure an easy filing and sample removal. www.equilabcanada.com /fglass.htm   (263 words)

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