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Topic: French Sign Language

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	Sign language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A sign language (also signed language) is a language which uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning - simultaneously combining handshapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's thoughts.
		Sign languages develop in deaf communities, which can include interpreters and friends and families of deaf people as well as people who are deaf or hearing-impaired themselves.
		Sign languages are not simple pantomime, and they are not a visual rendition of a simplified version of any spoken language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sign_language (1816 words)

	French Sign Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		French Sign Language (langue des signes française or LSF) is the sign language of the deaf in the nation of France.
		French Sign Language is related to Dutch Sign Language (NGT), Flemish Sign Language (VGT), Belgian-French Sign Language (LSBF), American Sign Language (ASL), and Quebec Sign Language (LSQ).
		French sign language is frequently, though mistakenly, attributed to the work of Charles Michel de l'Épée (l'abbé de l'Épée).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_Sign_Language (469 words)

	French Sign Language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		French Sign Language (Langue des Signes Français or LSF) is the (Language expressed by visible hand gestures) sign language of the (People who have severe hearing impairments) deaf in the nation of (A republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe) France.
		French sign language is frequently associated with the work of (Click link for more info and facts about Charles Michel de l'Épée) Charles Michel de l'Épée (l'abbé de l'Épée).
		French sign language flourished from this point until the late (Click link for more info and facts about 1800s) 1800s at which point a schism between the manualist and oralist schools of thought had long developed.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fr/french_sign_language.htm (598 words)

	MSN Encarta - French Language
		French Language, a member of the Romance language group of the Italic subfamily of the Indo-European languages.
		It was the court language of Naples; German princes and barons maintained French-born tutors who taught it to their children, and in England for the two centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066, French strongly rivaled English as the spoken language of the land and almost supplanted it as the literary language.
		One of the most important steps toward standardizing and otherwise improving the French language was the compilation, in the 17th century, of a dictionary by the French Academy, a literary society formed in 1635 by the statesman and cardinal Richelieu.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577987/French_Language.html (1411 words)

	French Sign Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		French Sign Language (Langue des Signes Français or LSF) is the sign language of the deaf in the nation of France.
		French Sign Language is related to (NGT), (VGT), (LSBF), American Sign Language (ASL), and Quebec Sign Language (LSQ).
		The abbé set himself to learning the language, now known as Old French Sign Language, and eventually forming a free school for the deaf.
	www.hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/French_Sign_Language (560 words)

	French language - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about French language
		French developed from Latin as spoken in Gaul and was established as a distinct language by the 9th century.
		By the 13th century the dialect of the Île de France was supreme and became the official medium of the courts and administration of France 1539.
		Crawley, as a diplomatist, was exceedingly proud of his own skill in speaking the French language (for he was of the world still), and not a little pleased with the compliments which the governess continually paid him upon his proficiency.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /French+language (417 words)

	American Sign Language and Braille
		Sign language for the deaf was first systematized in France during the 18th century by Abbot Charles-Michel l'Epée.
		French Sign Language (FSL) was brought to the United States in 1816 by Thomas Gallaudet, founder of the American School for the Deaf in Hartford, Conn. He developed American Sign Language (ASL), a language of gestures and hand symbols that express words and concepts.
		Sign language may be acquired naturally as a child's first language, or it may be learned through study and practice.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0200808.html (368 words)

	Old_French_Sign_Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Old French Sign Language was the language of the Deaf community in Paris in the 18th century.
		Our earliest records of the language are in the work of the Abbé de l'Epée, who developed a 'methodical sign system', borrowing some signs that were used by deaf people in Paris in the 1750s.
		French Sign Language is a direct descendant of Old French Sign Language.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Old_French_Sign_Language (385 words)

	American Sign Language
		American Sign Language was the basis for deaf education in America; the language represents the history of the culture.
		Because of the French education, sixty-percent of ASL signs are from Old French Sign Language.
		It was not until William Stokoe proved that ASL was a language, that sign language was used again in the classroom.
	www.east-buc.k12.ia.us /02_03/CE/jr/asl.htm (690 words)

	The Two-Handed Manual Alphabet for the Deaf
		National sign languages such as ASL have more in common with one another than with the spoken languages of their country of origin, since their signs represent concepts and not English or French or Japanese words.
		Chinese and Japanese, whose languages use the same body of characters but pronounce them entirely differently, can communicate by means of a sign language in which one watches while the other traces mutually understood characters in his or her palm.
		The Indian sign language was codified by use into an explicit vocabulary of gestures representing or depicting objects, actions, and ideas, but it made no attempt to "spell out" or otherwise represent words that could not be conveyed by gestures.
	www.deafblind.com /deafsign.html (1233 words)

	Sign language for people with developmental disabilities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Teaching children with autism how to use sign language is not as common a practice today as in previous years, possibly due to an increase in the use of computerized communication systems and facilitated communication.
		When teaching a person to use sign language, another possible benefit may be the facilitation of their attentiveness to social gestures of others as well as of themselves.
		Since the majority of people do not understand sign language, it may be ideal to use some form of picture system or computerized communication device in addition to signed speech to enable communication with those who do not understand signs.
	www.parentsinc.org /newsletter/June97/SIGNLAN.html (1169 words)

	American Sign Language- Defined (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Due to isolation or separation of the sign languages over time, present-day ASL and the French sign language (LSF) are not mutually intelligible, however some of their vocabulary still remains the same.
		Most sources emphasize the importance of exposing any child to language (whether it be spoken or signed) at as early an age as possible (preferably within their first six months), in order for them to become fully competent and to prevent a language delay.
		It is also true that hearing babies introduced to sign language are generally able to produce their first signs several months before their vocal mechanism has developed enough to produce their first words, which has great implications for early child-caregiver communication.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/h/e/her118/defined.htm (398 words)

	Sign Language
		Sign language is a visual gestural language used by many Deaf and Hard of Hearing people.
		Sign languages are complete languages capable of expressing both concrete and abstract concepts.
		Choosing sign language as the primary language doesn't mean that your child cannot learn to speak.
	www.bradingrao.com /sign.htm (248 words)

	Ling 001 Sign language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Because signed English is based on the spoken language, it preserves these homonyms (words with different meanings that all have the same form).
		for the deaf where signing was prohibited (on the grounds that it lessened the motivation for deaf children to learn to speak and to lip-read).
		Since the modality of input and output is so different in signed and spoken forms of language, it is especially interesting that the correlations of neural damage location and aphasic symptoms in speaking and signing patients seem to be exactly the same.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Spring_2002/ling001/sign.html (2112 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:FSL
		Many sign languages have been influenced by this, but are not necessarily intelligible with it.
		First sign language in the western world to gain recognition as a language (1830).
		Sign languages were known in France in the 16th century, and probably earlier.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=FSL (157 words)

	American Sign Language
		Signs are composed of three aspects--the tab, dez, and sig, which stand for tabula, designator, and signation, respectively.
		Tab refers to a sign’s location in the signing space (for example, the forehead), dez indicates the shape or positioning of the hand or hands ("B" hand), and sig explains the action of the sign (palm out, tap forehead twice).
		One-handed signs are performed with only the dominant hand, and two-handed signs often involve the dominant hand performing an action while the passive hand remains relatively still.
	f99.middlebury.edu /RU232A/STUDENTS/elefther/grammar.htm (1054 words)

	ASLinfo.com » About ASL - Information and resources related to American Sign Language (ASL), Interpreting and Deaf ...
		ASL differs from spoken language in that it is visual rather than auditory and is composed of precise handshapes and movements.
		Sign language can express poetry as poignantly as can any spoken language and can communicate humor, wit, and satire just as bitingly.
		Even when signs were not permitted in the classroom, the children of Deaf parents (codas), as well as Deaf teachers and staff, would secretly pass on the language to other students.
	www.aslinfo.com /aboutasl.cfm (477 words)

	SignWriting in France
		Others, DOH have families that sign and are involved in bilingual education for their children.
		In the high school, because of a lack of teachers, Deaf and hearing fluent in Sign language, we have interpreters for a number of classes.
		Some of ours students are able to attain a very high level in written French which is required by the French school system and the comprehensive exams at the end of high school.
	www.signwriting.org /france/france.html (383 words)

	About ASL
		American Sign Language (ASL) is a complex visual-spatial language that is used by the Deaf community in the United States and English-speaking parts of Canada.
		Sign languages develop specific to their communities and is not universal.
		But the French connection to America is rare, most sign languages develop independently and each country (and in some cases, each city) has their own sign language.
	www.deaflibrary.org /asl.html (2181 words)

	French language -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		French Français, Romance language spoken in France, Belgium, and Switzerland; in Canada (principally Quebec) and northern New England; and in many other countries and regions formerly or currently governed by France.
		French literary academy, established by the French first minister Cardinal de Richelieu in 1634 and incorporated in 1635, and existing, except for an interruption during the era of the French Revolution, to the present day.
		All Occitan speakers use French as their official and cultural language, but Occitan dialects are used for everyday purposes and show no signs of extinction.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9035353?tocId=9035353 (810 words)

	ASL - American Sign Language History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		He created and demonstrated a language of signs whereby each would be a symbol that suggested the concept desired.
		The abbe was apparently a very creative person, and the way he developed his sign language system was by first recognizing, then learning the signs that were already being used by a group of deaf people in Paris.
		Interest continues to grow in sign language, and it is now the fourth most used language in the United States.
	www.westislandlife.com /asl/history.htm (726 words)

	ASL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The term sign language has traditionally been used as a generic term for different varieties of signed communication.
		Instead, ASL is its own language, influenced by signs that were used in the United States before 1817 and French Sign Language that was brought to America in the early part of the 1800s.
		American Sign Language, as we know it today, has evolved into a language related to, but largely separate from French Sign Language.
	www.kent.k12.wa.us /staff/PollyBarack/asl.htm (188 words)

	History of French Language
		The dialect of Paris gradually became the national language, however, because of the political prestige of the capital and today is accepted as the model for the French language.
		Creole languages are fully formed languages that develop from a PIDGIN language and gradually become the primary language of a linguistic community.
		French-based Creole is found in Haiti, Mauritius, the French Overseas Departments of Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion, and Guyana, in Dominica and St. Lucia, and, although disappearing, in various British-influenced Caribbean islands and in southwestern Louisiana.
	www.discoverfrance.net /France/Language/DF_language.shtml (1955 words)

	Sign Language Dictionary french sign language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When you are looking for excellent information about french sign language, you'll find it easier said than done sorting out the best information from inexpert french sign language suggestions and help so it's best to know how to qualify the information you are given.
		A great hint to follow when you are presented with help or advice about a french sign language web is to verify the ownership of the website.
		This may divulge who is behind the site french sign language authorizations The easiest way to work out who is at the back of the french sign language site is to find the 'about' page.
	www.sign-language-dictionary.info /french-sign-language.htm (242 words)

	Sign Language - Contact Us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Laurent Clerc brought a method of teaching sign language from the National Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris that was already very effective.
		Children were there full time to be immersed in sign language and the culture of the Deaf Community.
		Sign Language interpreting services began to be provided at many colleges around the country, as well as in hospitals, courtrooms, and government agencies and in the workplace!
	www.signlanguage.org /history.htm (586 words)

	DPN: A history-American Sign Language & French Sign Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Presently, American Sign Language (ASL) and French Sign Language are very different, however there are still quite a few ASL signs that come directly from France.
		However, the sign for "with" in ASL uses the "a" hand shape.
		Instead of using an "s" hand shape, the sign is made using the "v" hand shape for the word "voir" in French.
	pr.gallaudet.edu /dpn/ISSUES/HISTORY/signlanguage.html (159 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:SSR
		Some regional lexical variations in the French area are tied to specific schools.
		Sign language is now taught in a bilingual program in Geneva.
		French Sign Language is used some in the French area.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=SSR (93 words)

	Language Log: More on Sign Languages
		The Flemish Sign Language (Vlaamse Gebarentaal) is quite different from the sign language in the Netherlands (Dutch Sign Language, Nederlandse Gebarentaal).
		The Flemish Sign Language is closer to the sign language used in the southern part of Belgium (Belgian-French Sign Language, Langue des Signes de Belgique Francophone), where the spoken language is French.
		The Flemish Sign Language, the Dutch Sign Language and the Belgian-French Sign Language all have most of their roots in the French Sign Language, just as the American Sign Language does.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/000731.html (269 words)

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