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Topic: French Sudan

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	Sudan: The Passion of the Present
		Sudan's former foes have failed to reconcile differences over a 2005 peace deal, with the status of the oil-rich Abyei region dominating the crisis that had prompted one party to withdraw from the coalition government.
		Sudan's government is accused of retaliating by unleashing a militia of Arab nomads known as the janjaweed — a charge [that] it denies.
		Sudan is again a highlighted country for this year's observance of IDOP (on Sunday 11 November; unlike the past few years, Canada will not observe it on a separate date); here is the section on the global IDOP site concerning Sudan...
	platform.blogs.com /passionofthepresent (14538 words)

	French Sudan - Encyclopedia.com
		Decline in European trade in the Sudan from the mid-nineteenth century.
		Sudan has encouraged Arab Muslim militias to slaughter fl Muslims; hundreds of thousands of the latter are facing death from starvation and disease, while their persecutors block the distribution of humanitarian aid.(Brief Article)
		Why the world is ignoring Darfur: the genocide in Sudan has come and gone from the world's headlines, but persists all the same.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-X-FrenchSu.html (808 words)

	Sudan rebuffs French Darfur meeting - Boston.com
		Sudan on Monday rebuffed a French initiative to host a meeting of key nations to find a solution to Sudan's war-torn Darfur region on June 25, saying the timing was not right.
		KHARTOUM (Reuters) - Sudan on Monday rebuffed a French initiative to host a meeting of key nations to find a solution to Sudan's war-torn Darfur region on June 25, saying the timing was not right.
		The U.N., A.U. and the Sudanese government were meeting in Ethiopia on Monday to thrash out details of a hybrid force to help restore security in Darfur, where 2.5 million have been driven from their homes in more than four years of fighting.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2007/06/11/sudan_rebuffs_french_darfur_meeting (621 words)

	allAfrica.com: Sudan
		President Salva Kiir Mayardit of the Government of Southern Sudan said in Washington, DC on Wednesday that the south’s boycott of the country’s Government of National Unity will not end until the north commits to the 2005 peace agreement which ended the country’s decades-long civil war.
		The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in Sudan is holding talks with government officials over the expulsion of its South Darfur head of office, an official said on 8 November.
		The United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan today added her voice to that of other UN officials condemning the recent attempt of a French non-governmental organization (NGO) to remove more than 100 young children from neighbouring Chad.
	allafrica.com /sudan (1089 words)

	A short history of Mali (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1892 a separate colony French Sudan is formed, but resistance to French control did not end until 1898, when the Malinké warrior Samory Touré is defeated after 7 years of war.
		French Sudan becomes part of French West Africa in 1899, the main part becomes the Territory of Upper-Senegal-Niger, renamed French Sudan in 1920.
		Sudan and Senegal form the Mali Federation in 1959.
	www.electionworld.org /history/mali.htm (562 words)

	french west africa - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		French West Africa (Afrique occidentale franaise, or AOF) was a federation of eight French territories in Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), Guinea, Cte d'Ivoire, Niger, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Dahomey (now Benin).
		Originally created in 1895 as a union of Senegal, French Sudan, Guinea and Cte d'Ivoire only, the federation was placed on a permanent footing in 1904 with a governor-general based first in Saint-Louis, then (from 1902) in Dakar, both in Senegal, the oldest French settlement.
		The territories issued their own postage stamps until 1943, although in many cases the stamps were inscribed with the name of the federation as well as the colony's own name.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/French-West-Africa (373 words)

	French Sudan Information
		It was created as a French territory on September 9, 1880 as "Upper Senegal", and was renamed the "French Sudan Territory" on August 18, 1890, with its capital at Kayes.
		French Sudan was granted independence on September 22, 1960 as Mali.
		French Sudan (Mali), Guinea, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Upper Volta) and French Togoland and James Island (The Gambia)
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/French_Sudan (256 words)

	Sudan - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Sudan (country), republic in northeastern Africa, the largest country of the African continent.
		Sudan (region), vast geographical region of northern Africa, extending east to west across the continent.
		French West Africa, former French colonial administrative unit that occupied most of West Africa during the first half of the 20th century.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Sudan.html (116 words)

	The South Sudanese Objective
		South Sudan leaders perceived the denial of equal representation in the political economy and administration as a concrete evidence of the Arab and Muslim North deliberate recolonization of the South.
		For instance, Sudan strongman General Gaffar el- Numeieri superimposed Islamic law (Shari'a) to be the law of the land and thus relegated non-Muslim in Sudan and South Sudan in particular to be second class citizens in the land of their birthright.
		The armed struggle in South Sudan is a demand for the right of self-determination to a people to determine their own political destiny, economic well being and cultural development.
	www.geocities.com /southsudancomprehension/objective.htm (6026 words)

	Imperialism in Africa:
		All of her experiences negatively influenced French national pride and international respect., which, slowly wilting since the time of Napoleon's demise and greatly traumatized by the loss to Germany in the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, only deteriorated ever so much more by the incidences in Africa.
		Completed in 1869, the monumental French triumph was a foundation of French influence in Egypt, and revenue generated from British vessels involved with India made the project a lucrative undertaking.
		To further test the French position, the Egyptian uprising under Arabi to depose the Khedive and expel the European presence presented France with the predicament of armed conflict in an international situation.
	www.cusd.chico.k12.ca.us /~bsilva/projects/imperialism/fonseca.htm (1263 words)

	Search Results for "Sudan"
		The country's major seaport, it handles the bulk of Sudan's foreign trade.
		It is the southern terminus of river traffic in Sudan and is a highway hub,...
		It is formed by the floodwaters of the White Nile and varies in size seasonally.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col65&query=Sudan (133 words)

	Sudan gets French aid: Africa: News: News24
		Khartoum - Senior French foreign ministry envoy Renaud Muselier signed an agreement to donate €3m in French aid to war-torn Sudan, during a meeting with Sudanese President Omar al-Beshir on Tuesday.
		The agreement, signed between the French and Sudanese governments and the UN World Food Programme, will channel 𔚹m to the western region of Darfur, one million to the south and the third to support school feeding.
		On Monday, in Darfur, Sudan's other war-torn region which lies in the west of the country near Chad, Muselier toured the Mornay camp where Sudanese authorities say 100 000 people have taken shelter from the separate conflict there.
	www.news24.com /News24/Africa/News/0,6119,2-11-1447_1546398,00.html (352 words)

	CompuStamp FRENCH COL:French Sudan
		French Sudan 1899 Kayes Corps d'Occupation du Soudan to Paris (2-786)
		French Sudan 1901 Bamako to Paris on uprated postal envelope H&G B2c, VF condition and scarce French Colonies
		French Sudan 1901 Bamako to Paris on uprated postal envelope H&G B2c, VF condition and scarce.
	storesense.neoverve.com /compustamp.com/-strse-FRENCH-COL-cln-French-Sudan/Categories.bok (145 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| France opposes UN Sudan sanctions
		Sudan denies backing the militia and, under strong international pressure, has promised to disarm them.
		The 'Janjaweed' militia are accused of ethnic cleansing
		Some countries, including Pakistan, say that Sudan should be allowed sufficient time to demonstrate that it means what it says.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/3875277.stm (698 words)

	[No title]
		It became a separate colony in 1919 and was partitioned among Niger, the Sudan, and the Ivory Coast in 1933, then reconstitued in 1947.
		French troops occupied the country in 1881 and a treaty was signed acknowledging the French protectorate.
		French diplomatic relations were suspended in 1965 and the Soviet Union took their palace as the chief source of economic and technical assistant.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~myra/WestAfrica.html (773 words)

	SudanTribune article : Sudan welcomes French role in Darfur crisis resolution
		The Sudanese President, Omar al-Bashir, has reaffirmed the importance of the French role in seeking to reach an agreement on all issues and particularly the implementation of Darfur Peace Agreement, pointing out to the French role as a partner in all the development operations in the Sudan.
		In a press statement after his meeting Sunday with the visiting French Foreign Minister, Attabani said that Douste-Blazy expressed the desire of his country to assist Sudan in achieving a final solution for Darfur crisis and its overcoming its consequences, such as the resolution 1706.
		While the Sudanese president renewed in the meeting with the French minister his rejection to the UN Security Council Resolution 1706 saying what was needed was that assistance should be provided to the African Union.
	www.sudantribune.com /spip.php?article18644 (397 words)

	Mali Regions
		Its name was changed to French Sudan on 1920-12-04.
		French Sudan and Senegal formed the Federation of Mali on 1959-04-04.
		1954-01-01: Hodh district of French Sudan annexed to Mauritania.
	www.statoids.com /uml.html (390 words)

	Modibo Keita Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Modibo Keita was born on June 4, 1915, in Bamako, the capital of French Sudan (now Mali), a landlocked nation in western Africa.
		In 1956 he was elected deputy for the French Sudan to the French National Assembly and became that group's first African vice president.
		In November 1958, the Sudan became a self-governing republic within the French community and was renamed the Sudanese Republic.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/modibo-keita (468 words)

	segu
		The French Sudan is relatively quiet, and now that Morocco has been virtually pacified, the Shadow's attentions have turned south through the desert and into the Sahel region of the Sudan and the new colonial administration there.
		The French have grown complacent, patrols are infrequent.
		The French fort is north of the river overlooking the honey colored mud brick town of Segu on the south bank of the river.
	www.warflag.com /shadow/segu/segu.htm (759 words)

	Latest News From Sudan At Sudan.Net
		Sudan's Beshir rebuffs southern ex-rebels' overture - AFP 10/14/07
		Sudan urges U.S. to release Sudanese cameraman for al-Jazeera - XINHUA 08/19/07
		Sudan arrests 20 extremists, seizes explosives - AFP 08/16/07
	www.sudan.net /news/news.html (5640 words)

	Sudan — FactMonster.com
		The largest country in Africa, it borders on Egypt in the north, on the Red Sea in the northeast, on Eritrea and Ethiopia in the east, on Kenya, Uganda, and Congo (Kinshasa) in the south, on the Central African Republic and Chad in the west, and on Libya in the northwest.
		Sudan - Information on Sudan — geography, history, politics, government, economy, population statistics, culture, religion, languages, largest cities, as well as a map and the national flag.
		Sudan - Map of Sudan & articles on flags, geography, history, statistics, disasters current events, and international relations.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0847096.html (184 words)

	South Sudan Claims for Right of Self-Determination, (David de Chand)
		Certainly, in Sudan which was not a colony, underdeveloped, poor and desolated,it was not worthy for the British to remain in this vast and backward land without specific vital British security national interest to rule the North and South Sudan.
		British policy in South Sudan in 1946, could only be compared to the British policy in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and Southwest Africa (Namibia) at the end of world War I. Without a doubt, such a diabolical and sale out policy provoked bitter reaction from the South Sudanese nationalists, sympathizers, including some Britain.
		The armed struggle in South Sudan is a demand for the right of self-determination to any people to determine their own political destiny, economic well being and cultural development.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /Articles_Gen/de_chand.html (6005 words)

	French roll definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		French roll definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Search for "French roll" in all of MSN Encarta
		North America hair in roll behind head: a woman's hairstyle in which the hair is formed into a vertical roll at the back of the head
	ca.encarta.msn.com /dictionary_561504781/French_roll.html (82 words)

	French Colonies - Algeria
		The continent's second-largest nation (after Sudan), Algeria borders Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, and Western Sahara and stretches from its 1,104-km (686-mi) coastline on the Mediterranean Sea south through a varied topography to the vast desert region of the Sahara (see map).
		Berber dialects are used by the Kabyle east of Algiers, the Shawia of the Aurès Mountains, the M'zabis (Mozabites) centered in the oasis city of Ghardaïa (see M'Zab Valley), and the Tuareg in the deep Sahara.
		French remains an important language, although English officially became the major foreign language taught in universities in 1996.
	www.discoverfrance.net /Colonies/Algeria.shtml (1109 words)

	Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights: OTHER OIL COMPANIES
		In addition, Petronas’ subsidiaries were awarded other oil-related jobs in Sudan, including the GNPOC award of the contract for the second phase of the Muglad Basin Oil Development project (oilfields Munga and Bamboo in Block 4) to OGP Technical Services Sdn Bhd, in October 2000.
		Ten Malaysian companies invested in Sudan by February 1999, up from three in 1998, and the number was expected to exceed thirty by the end of 1999.
		At approximately 120,000 square kilometers, it is by far the largest oil concession in southern Sudan, and reportedly the richest.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2003/sudan1103/27.htm (2450 words)

	South Sudan News - Dak Machar Kok - News and Media (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Again, in 1898 the Sudan was re-conquered by a joint British and Egyptian forces resulting in the signing of the Condominium Agreement between the British and the Egyptian to administer the Sudan in its present boundaries.
		The withdrawal of the French and Belgians from South Sudan ceded the territory to the British.
		This unpalatable decision was crowned by the promulgation and establishment of the Sudan Legislative Assembly in 1948.
	maxpages.com /machar - !http://www.maxpages.com/machar (3807 words)

	WWW-VL: History: Sudan History \| Khartoum, Nuba, Darfur, Beja, Egyptian Sudan, Nile, Henry Solomon Wellcome, Lost Boys ...
		Governors of Provinces of the Egyptian Sudan, 1821-1889
		Henry Solomon Wellcome and the Sudan, By Ahmed Awad Abdel-Hameed Adeel
		The Southern Sudan Problem and the Prospects of Peace, papers of a conference held 26 April 1998 by the Sudan Foundation
	vlib.iue.it /history/africa/sudan.html (815 words)

	News: Sudan, French aid group denies workers kidnapped in Sudan
		French aid group denies workers kidnapped in Sudan
		Sudan's official news agency SUNA reported Friday that eight aid workers thought to belong to ACF were kidnapped Thursday near Al-Feshir by armed men linked to rebel movements in the region.
		SUNA said the team had called their Al-Feshir office to say they were in danger and failed to make further contact.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/VBOL-6LNEFB?OpenDocument (258 words)

	All World Stamps - Country List - French Colonies
		French Territory of Afars & Issas - Djibouti
		French Territory of Afars & Issas - Obock
		French Territory of Afars & Issas - Somali Coast
	www.allworldstamps.com /country_list.asp?cid=281 (183 words)

	French West Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The constituent territories were Dahomey (now Benin), French Guinea (now Guinea), French Sudan (now Mali), Côte d’Ivoire, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, and Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso).
		The federation was created in 1895 to consolidate the French holdings in W Africa and was definitively constituted in 1904.
		In 1958 the constituent territories became autonomous republics in the French Community, except for Guinea, which became independent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/fr/FrenchWAf.html (154 words)

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