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Topic: French marshal

	Trenches on the Web - Bio: General John French (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This attack was critical in forcing the Germans to retreat to the Aisne River (Battle of the Marne).
		French continues as Commander in Chief of the BEF, through the critical battles in the northwest where the Germans attempt to break the allied defenses at Ypres.
		French is relieved of his command, September 1915.
	www.worldwar1.com /bioefre.htm (293 words)

	Tournaments and William Marshal
		Marshal's piety was practical and realistic; he founded priories and abbeys and gave to those that were in his lands, went on crusade to Cologne, and fought as a Knight Templar in the Holy Land.
		Marshal was quickly increasing his wealth and reputation on the tournament field, but apparently not even the young king desired to attend all of the tournaments on the continent since there could be one every two weeks.
		Marshal discovered a group of the French company who were taking refuge on an old motte; they had left their horses outside of the enclosure.
	www.castlewales.com /marshal_tour.html (5521 words)

	French Empire
		Last century’s French Revolution was a revolt against both the oppression of the Vatican and the nobles that were seen as the puppets of Rome, and paved the way for the foundation of modern France, even through the atrocities and horror that were perpetrated on its own people.
		French officers also tend towards the conservative and unimaginative as a general rule, and are prone to making errors of judgement, stemming from an unfailing belief in French supremacy or an overall lack of information, or both.
		French interests in the Caribbean are hampered by a lack of territory on the mainland, since the sale of their North American holdings to the United States.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /rumtigger2/Nations/france.htm (2459 words)

	Marshal - Memory Alpha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Marshal or Field Marshal is a military rank, the equivalent of which is used by the service organizations of many civilizations.
		As a traditional grade, marshal is the most senior flag officer rank possible in an organization (a marshal outranks general or admiral).
		Starfleet officer William Riker noted that, as a marshal, Q outranked his previous disguise as a Starfleet admiral.
	memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Marshal (219 words)

	The Western Front — 1914 - 1918
		The Fifth Army under French General Lanrezac, was caught outnumbered and nearly outflanked, thanks to French high command's refusal to acknowledge a German thrust from the north.
		He intended to isolate a section of the front-line which the French would not allow to fall, and then assure that the area was ringed by the heaviest artillery coverage available.
		Nivelle was dismissed and the hero of Verdun, Marshal Petain, assumed command of the French Army.
	www.richthofen.com /ww1sum (3196 words)

	Franco-Prussian War. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		But the aggressive French foreign minister, the duc de Gramont, insisted on further Prussian assurances, which King William I of Prussia (later Emperor William I) refused.
		They defeated the French at Wissembourg, pushed the French under Marshal MacMahon to Châlons-en-Champagne, and forced a wedge between MacMahon’s forces and those of Bazaine, centered on Metz.
		Alsace, except the Territory of Belfort, and a large part of Lorraine were ceded to Germany, which on Jan. 18, 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles had been proclaimed an empire under William I. Paris refused to disarm and to submit to the Thiers regime, and the Commune of Paris was formed.
	www.bartleby.com /65/fr/FrancoPr.html (806 words)

	Battle of Leipzig, 1813.
		French battery covered the approach to Connewitz and the houses were occupied by skirmishers of Lefol's Division.
		French reinforcements from Charpentier's 36th Division (the 14th Legere) were poured in and the Austrians were ejected.
		The French strongly occupied the farm and surroundings with infantry and artillery.
	web2.airmail.net /napoleon/Leipzig_battle.htm (18529 words)

	Crecy Models (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Marshal le Maingre was renowned for the foundation in 1399 of the knightly order "Emprise de l'Escu vert à la Dame Blanche" and as author of the book "Heures de Boucicault" (1405).
		The 20000 French troops were drawn up in 3 lines: the cavalry (vanguard); the infantry (middle); the crossbowmen (rearguard).
		The French were too slow in their heavy armour - an easy target for the English who were agile since they wore no breastplates.
	www.elgrecominiatures.co.uk /My_Web/Crecy.htm (1972 words)

	André Tardieu. The Truth about the Treaty. 1921. Chapter V.
		Marshal von Moltke placed the military frontier of Germany at the Rhine, and at the end of one of his papers writes: "There can be no doubt about the ordinary strength of our theatre of operations on the Rhine.
		In 1815, Germany aimed at the coal of the Sarre; in 1870 at the ores of Lorraine; in 1914 at the ores of Briey.
		I show that the French proposal excluding annexation is the reverse of imperialistic; that the control of the League of Nations gives every facility for evolution; that France, after such unparalleled sufferings, has a right to insist upon the acceptance of the methods of her choice.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/comment/treatytruth/tardieu05.htm (15951 words)

	Book 2, Chapter 24
		As she told me presently, with the utmost frankness, it was by her advice that the Landgrave had gone away at the approach of the French, but she undertook to fetch him back if the marshal would give his word that he had no orders to interfere with his liberty.
		I had been warned that he detested the French, and especially their Emperor; but as he was deeply interested in military matters, he never ceased questioning me about the siege of Genoa, the battles of Marengo and Austerlitz, and upon the organisation of our army.
		As I passed through Frankfort I found Marshal Augereau in much grief, having just heard of the death of his wife, a good and excellent person, whom he deeply regretted and whose loss was felt by the whole staff, for she had been most kind to us.
	www.napoleonic-literature.com /Book_2/V1C24.html (2763 words)

	Peninsular War. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A French army under Andoche Junot occupied (Nov., 1807) Portugal, and King John VI and his family fled to Brazil without resisting.
		Another French force was repelled by José de Palafox in his heroic defense of Zaragoza (June–Aug.).
		Nevertheless, the French controlled all of Spain in 1811, with the exception of the numerous guerrilla bands operating out of the mountains, which continuously sapped French forces.
	www.bartleby.com /65/pe/PeninWar.html (746 words)

	Untitled Document
		Lord Wellington having undertaken the siege of Badajoz, Marshals Soult and Marmont marched the armies under their orders to the relief of that fortress, when the Sixty-First proceeded with their division to the Alemtejo, and were in position on the Caya.
		For some time the Sixty-First were formed, with their division, behind the village of Arapiles, to support the 4th division, which was engaged upon a rising ground beyond the village; the regiment was exposed to a heavy cannonade; and the village was soon in flames from the bursting of shells.
		The French carried the hill, and, elated with success, rushed forward with great impetuosity; but the Eleventh and Sixty-First gave three cheers, fired a volley, and charged with bayonets with so much resolution that the torrent of battle was arrested, and, after a desperate effort, the French were overpowered, and the hill recaptured.
	members.tripod.com /~Glosters/book3.htm (1296 words)

	Vichy France
		The French government also agreed to stop members of its armed forces from leaving the country and instructed its citizens not to fight against the Germans.
		This means that the Marshal does not wish decisions that the French Government may be impelled to make in the sole interest of Germany to bear his signature.
		Ever since June 16, 1940, I have been a loyal collaborator of the Marshal who often confided his feelings to me. I know his feelings of affection for the great nation of the U.S. I know that, at the bottom of his heart, what matters most to him is the friendship of the American people.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWvichy.htm (1840 words)

	French Cavalry At Eylau, 1807 And Napoleon's Cavalry Doctrine
		Marshal Michel Ney, commanding the VI Corps, "in open contravention of the Emperor's order that no forward movements of any kind were to be made before the spring," had moved forward in search of supplies and forage and had conducted a sweep through Poland.
		The command element of the French Squadron was in front of the squadron with NCOs on the flanks.
		And, as Chandler relates, "the French cavalry duly made their penetration and swept into the Redoubt as planned." [37] Borodino was a bloodbath for all, but especially for the cavalry.
	www.napoleon-series.org /military/organization/c_eylau.html (2770 words)

	GI -- World War II Commemoration
		HENRI PHILIPPE PETAIN, (1856-1951), French general who was honored as a national hero for his defense of Verdun during World War I but who was convicted after World War II of dealings with the enemy while head of the collaborationist Vichy regime.
		It was, however, as the country's most revered war hero and as vice president of the French general staff (1920-1930) that he played a crucial role before WORLD WAR II.
		After the French government moved to Vichy in unoccupied France, Petain was voted full power to draft a new constitution on July 10.
	gi.grolier.com /wwii/wwii_petain.html (793 words)

	Napoleon I [1814 - 1821]
		Louis XVIII sent an army, under Marshal Michel Ney [Napoléon had made him a marshal of France in 1804], to arrest Napoléon.
		Marshal Ney led the last French charge and was captured.
		However, in 1840, the British and French governments honored the request that he be buried “on the banks of the Seine, among the French people I have loved so much”.
	www.french-at-a-touch.com /French_History/napoleon_i_1814-1821.htm (666 words)

	Battle of Sabugal 3 April 1811
		Incredibly the French Marshal held out all winter against immeasurable odds, but on 3 March 1811, Massena issued the orders for a general retreat and Wellington resolved to follow in his wake.
		There were numerous clashes between the allied vanguard and the French rear as they made their exit from Portugal to their nearest garrison at Cuidad Rodrigo on the central frontier of Spain.
		Looking from left to right you have the main position of the French forces; on the ridge centre in the distance is the route of the French attack; on the right, the route of the British 5th Division's attack.
	www.napoleon-series.org /military/virtual/c_sabugal.html (3056 words)

	<1169 And Counting.....
		French Marshal Emmanuel Grouchy, the second-in-command, decided not to disembark as he had only 6,400 men and the storm would have made a landing hazardous.
		When the French Revolution happened, prayers of thanksgiving were offered in Belfast, songs of the French Revolution were published and the fall of the Bastille was celebrated each year.
		The French Revolution was not without fault - it had its excesses and its terror ; nor have the subsequent French Republics been without blemish either - they had their colonies, and they have been less than just to the minority nations within the French State.
	1169andcounting.blogspot.com /2006_02_12_1169andcounting_archive.html (3911 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: Language (Ma Sacrée Toux!) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		the French army was at the gates of Jaffa.
		The 3,000 defenders here accepted the word of a French officer that their lives would be spared if they surrendered.
		Ironically, about fifty of these were not directly involved in the fighting but were innocent individuals, caring little for politics, shot down indiscriminately in the middle of the afternoon in a 'Massacre on the Boulevards' in the heart of Paris.
	www.snopes.com /language/misxlate/toux.htm (1606 words)

	Urban Dictionary: french military victories
		Mere fairytales told by the french to create the illusion that their people are capable of defending themselves.
		The french told their children of the "french military victories" to keep them from following the usual plan of action (sob, hide, run, cry to the US).
		Although the French played an important war, the primary players were the British and the Russians.
	www.urbandictionary.com /define.php?term=french+military+victories (470 words)

	House of Commons - Defence - Minutes of Evidence
		Obviously the pilot will have the last recourse to say, "no, I do not actually want to take this particular target." There is a whole range of other reasons but certainly it is not the processing of the information, it is the dissemination of the information that we could do much faster.
		(Air Vice-Marshal French) Without knowing the details of which ones you are going into I think I would be into speculation here, but let me say from an airman's perspective it is very unfortunate but I think it would be wrong of me to say that we might not face similar situations in the future.
		You said that was not necessarily to do with the convergence programme, which rather implied it might be to do with the current LTC round.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/uk/docs/9120808.htm (2215 words)

	The French Invasion of Liechtenstein Part One
		During the First War of the Coalitions, French Troops occupied the left bank (Switzerland) of the Rhine from 1789 to 1792.
		The French countered by moving several armies to their eastern borders, which ran roughly along the Rhine River.
		The French stationed an army of 40,000 men under Marshal Jourdan in the Lake Constance and Schaffhausen region.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/liechtenstein/107595/1 (490 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Exhibitions
		Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852), field marshal (from 1813), the Duke of Wellington (from 1814), was a British military commander and statesman.
		In the portrait painted for the War Gallery of 1812 the Duke is shown in the uniform of a British field marshal with the sashes, stars and badges of the Russian Orders of St Andrew the First-Called and St George 1st class and the Austrian Order of the Golden Fleece.
		Wellesley gained a number of major victories in the Peninsular War including the defeat of the French Marshal Junot at Vimiero, the taking of the city of Oporto and forcing Soult, one of Napoleon's best marshals, to retreat, the capture of the fortress city of Badajoz and forcing the enemy to withdraw to Madrid.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/12/b2003/hm12_3_2_5_3_0.html (486 words)

	French Family Info
		This George Hedges FRENCH [in the French Family Graves] is supposedly a brother of Samuel.
		ELI H. FAUCETT, a native of Orange County, N. C., was born October 15, 1824,being the sixth of twelve children of James and Elizabeth Faucett, the parents bothnatives of North Carolina, the father of Irish and the mother of Swedish descent.
		Mary Ann2 French (Samuel1) was born 11 March 1827 in Orange Co., Indiana, and died 19 April 1907 in Richland, Warren County, Iowa.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/in/county/orange/descfrench.htm (1130 words)

	House of Commons - Defence - Minutes of Evidence
		(Air Vice-Marshal French) I think the major lesson from an intelligence perspective—indeed, when we wrote to you a month or so ago, it is a recognised deficiency (for want of another word)—is this whole question of connectivity, the ability to get, as you heard, almost near real-time imagery intelligence now.
		Obviously the timeliness comes into this and it is a matter of what time pressures you are under as to the process you actually go through.
		(Air Vice-Marshal French) I would have to see the specific example before being able to comment on that but in a fast-changing picture and with the communications they have, the fact that the intelligence was changed on the way does not particularly surprise me.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/uk/docs/9120807.htm (1385 words)

	Col. Freear and Battle of Waterloo
		On June 16 French Marshal Michel Ney engaged the British at Quatre Bras, while Napoleon c rushed--as he thought--Field Marshal Gebhard L. von Blucher's Prussians at Ligny.
		The battle of Ligny was indecisive because Marshal Ney had failed to send reinforcements that could have crushed the Prussian army.
		The French began to r etreat and the battle was decided by 8 p.m.
	home.cc.umanitoba.ca /~sfreer/waterloo.html (1151 words)

	French (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		French, Field Marshal Sir John Denton Pinkstone, 1st Earl of Ypres.
		Member of Lord Garnet Wolseley's Nile expedition to relieve Gordon at Khartoum, in October 1899, was promoted major general and commanded the cavalry division of Buller's Expeditionary corps during the Second Boer War, fig hting at Ladysmith.
		Nevertheless, French was chosen to command the BEF in August 1914, and directed BEF operations in France through Ypres I, Ypres II, and the Loos offensive.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/bio/f/french.html (125 words)

	France - Napoleon I the Great - Miscellaneous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The French marshal Murat who was married to Napoleon's sister Caroline was king of Naples and the French marshal Bernadotte was king of Sweden.
		The French kindgom had grown out of Charlemagne's empire after the Treaty of Verdun in 843 and some of the early French kings were also Holy Roman Emperors (Charles II the Bald, Charles III the Fat).
		During the Consulate, the French Republic had reached a sort of golden age and revival of its colonial empire.
	maxpages.com /zar/France - !http://maxpages.com/zar/France (753 words)

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