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Topic: French presidential election, 1995

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	French Presidential Election, 1981 Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Surrounding the French presidential election of 1981 was an absolutely extraordinary set of circumstances that moved the France into a new phase of politics.
		When studying French politics it is difficult to miss the importance of the civil servants in the political system.
		During the presidential campaign, large posters of Giscard were defaced with large diamonds that were placed over his eyes to remind the public of the questionable diamonds that the President had accepted from Jean Bedel Bokassa, self-proclaimed "emperor" of the Central African Empire.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/French_presidential_election,_1981 (2075 words)

	The Longest Night: INTRODUCTION
		The 2000 election rekindled the debate over the desirability of retaining the Electoral College—which is not only an eighteenth-century device but also one originally promoted to safeguard the interests of slaveholding states—and several of the essays provide useful insights and varied perspectives.
		In the end the conclusions one may draw from this debate depend on one's view of how federalism ought to be factored into presidential elections and to what extent the presidency ought to be linked to national majorities as opposed to the competition among a plurality of subnational majorities.
		He also notes that nearly all the scholarship on the election and court decisions seems palpably partisan, and that may be due, at least in part, to the absence of accepted canons of judicial interpretation of the Constitution or of federal laws.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9775/9775.intro.html (8446 words)

	President of France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The President of France, known officially as the President of the Republic (Président de la République in French), is France's elected Head of State.
		Unlike many other European presidents, the office of the French President is quite a powerful one, especially in matters of foreign policy, although it is the prime minister and his gouvernement that are formally expected to run the country.
		However, since the French National Assembly has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister's gouvernement, the president is forced to name a prime minister that is agreeable to the majority of this assembly; this leads to political cohabitation.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/p/pr/president_of_france.html (1026 words)

	Jacques Chirac (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As minister of the interior from March 1974 he was entrusted by President Pompidou with preparations for the presidential election then scheduled for 1976.
		By an astute move he secured his election as secretary-general of the Gaullist UDR in the face of potential opposition from the party "barons" and soon afterwards consolidated his hold over the majority by easily defeating an opposition motion of censure.
		He was the first choice of fewer than one voter in five in the first-round of voting of the presidential elections of April 2002.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Jacques_Chirac (2556 words)

	Articles - President of the French Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There is a tradition of so-called "presidential amnesties", which are somewhat of a misnomer: after the election of a president, and of a National Assembly of the same party, parliament traditionally votes a law granting amnesty for some petty crimes.
		The difference between an amnesty and a presidential pardon is that the former clears all subsequent effects of the sentencing, as though the crime had not been committed, while pardon simply relieves the sentenced individual from part or all of the remaining of the sentence.
		The method of French presidential elections is run-off voting which ensures the elected President always obtains a majority of the vote.
	www.worldhammock.com /articles/President_of_France (1562 words)

	CTheory.net
		An election, where not only was the election over before voting had ended owing to exit polls, its news value also was instantaneously realized in the bilingual posting by the French Ministry of the Interior on the Net.
		The succession of revelations increased as the election approached with three ministers of then Prime Minister Balladur's government, a chief fund raiser of Jacques Chirac's party and, even, the "almost candidate" of the Socialist party and its first secretary, Henri Emanuelli, all charged with various forms of influence peddling.
		As befitting the postmodern style of election the results were broadcast at the instant the voting closed having been determined some hours earlier by exit polls.
	www.ctheory.net /text_file.asp?pick=149 (2451 words)

	CNN.com - Le Pen upset causes major shock - April 21, 2002
		This was the third presidential campaign for Le Pen, who has taken a strong stance against immigration and has been accused of being anti-Semitic, a charge he has denied.
		The elections for the French legislature are forthcoming in June.
		He is currently protected by presidential immunity, but if he loses the election, investigating judges want to question him over several corruption scandals, some dating back to his tenure as Paris mayor from 1977 to 1995.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/04/21/france.election (1168 words)

	The French presidential election: What the figures reveal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Surveys published since the first round of voting in the French presidential election make possible a more precise analysis of the result, which allowed the neo-fascist National Front leader Jean-Marie Le Pen to emerge as the challenger in the second round to the current French president, Gaullist Jacques Chirac.
		The PCF presidential candidate, Robert Hue, first came to prominence two decades ago when, as mayor of one suburb, he led a vigilante attack on an immigrant workers’ hostel, claiming it was a source of crime.
		There are only two possible solutions to the crisis of bourgeois democratic institutions expressed in the election result: a right-wing, fascist outcome, as personified by Le Pen, or a left-wing, socialist one, which means that the working class takes the initiative to become the dominant force in society.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/apr2002/vote-a27.shtml (1910 words)

	President_of_France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The President of the French Republic (Président de la République française in French), coloquially referred to as President of France, is France's elected Head of State.
		The president may grant a pardon (but not an amnesty) to convicted criminals; the president can also lessen or suppress criminal sentences; this was of crucial importance when France had the death penalty.
		There is a tradition of so-called "presidential amnesties", which are somewhat of a misnomer: after the election of a president, and of a National Assembly of the same party, parliament votes a law granting amnesty for some petty crimes.
	www.exoticfelines.com /search.php?title=President_of_France (1618 words)

	President of France - Term Explanation on IndexSuche.Com
		However, since the French_National_Assembly has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister's ''gouvernement'', the president is forced to name a prime minister that is agreeable to the majority of this assembly; this leads to political cohabitation.
		Article 11 [the president may submit laws to the citizens in a referendum] Article 12 The President of the Republic may, after consulting the Prime Minister and the Presidents of the assemblies, declare the National Assembly dissolved.
		Adolphe_Thiers, 1871-1873 (Thiers became president before the adoption of the ''Constitution of 1875'' so his constitutional position was different from that of later presidents.)
	www.indexsuche.com /President_of_France.html (996 words)

	WAIS - World Affairs Report - Le Rugby (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Toulouse and the area around there is the part that goes maddest whenever the French are playing le rugby.
		Interestingly, it is still the counter culture area in France, just as it always has been.
		The area where Jospin scored most strongly against Chirac in the French presidential election in 1995.
	wais.stanford.edu /France/france_lerugby.html (107 words)

	French
		1995 Gilbert Gadoffre, French scholar, dies at 84
		1995 Andre Frossard, French publicist (Defense of Pope), dies at 80
		1961 French of Cauwelaert, Flemish minister/mayor of Antwerp, dies at 81
	www.brainyhistory.com /topics/f/french.html (6523 words)

	Election
		but the election results were thrown out after large protests about the way the election was conducted
		1994 1st multi-racial election in South Africa begins [3 days] Dr. Nomaza Paintin in NZ is 1st fl South African to vote
		1927 Nicaragua agrees to a U.S. supervised presidential election in 1928
	www.brainyhistory.com /topics/e/election.html (1175 words)

	Elections 2000
		Elections 2000 describes the electoral process and campaign finances with a political dictionary and campaign calendar
		Presidential election results for each Congressional District is found under the description of the district and its representative
		Presidential Election with vote totals by state and county
	www.lib.umich.edu /govdocs/elec2000.html (7044 words)

	POLITICAL SCIENCE
		Excerpts of testimony in Senate case, May 11, 1995.
		A way of tracking legislation as well as tutorial on how laws are made.
		Polls of people visiting the site in regards to the Presidential election.
	peace.saumag.edu /book/PoliticalScience.html (1163 words)

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