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Topic: French presidential election, 1958

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	French presidential election, 1981 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This could be no truer than in the French political system and, in particular, the French presidential election of 1981.
		This was not the case, however, during the 1981 French elections.
		The incumbent seemed to have been cursed with many political misfortunes during his Presidential term; these crippling situations included internal matters that he could have controlled (and chose to ignore), and external forces that were beyond the incumbent’s control.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_presidential_election,_1981 (1244 words)

	Abramson et al, "Third-Party and Independent Candidates in American Politics."
		Although presidential election by the House is a legitimate way to gain office, few candidates begin a campaign with election by the House as their goal.
		The majority-win election rule, then, appears to have promoted stability in presidential elections by encouraging the formation of two major parties to prevent the potentially harmful consequences arising from the election of a president unable to claim a mandate from the majority of the electorate.
		In the same election, John Bell, the candidate of the Constitutional Union Party, the last remnant of the Whigs, was neither under nor overrepresented, receiving 12.6 percent of the popular vote and 12.9 percent of the electoral vote.
	www.geocities.com /ejps_2000/psabra.html (7333 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Background
		Presidential and legislative elections held in October and December 2000 provoked violence due to the exclusion of opposition leader Alassane OUATTARA.
		The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977.
		The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country.
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2028.html (15472 words)

	Chirac wins French presidency with 82 percent of the vote Gaullist president backed by Socialist Party, CP, Greens
		Robert Hue, head of the French Communist Party, who obtained only 3.37 percent of the vote as a candidate in the presidential election, “rejoiced profoundly” at the defeat of the extreme right, which he called the “only issue” in the second round of the election.
		Only presidential immunity has prevented him from facing charges that he used hundreds of thousands of dollars of public money to pay for personal vacations for himself, his family and his entourage while he was mayor of Paris.
		A presidential election in which 25 million people voted for the corrupt and discredited representative of the French ruling elite and another 6 million cast ballots for a neo-fascist demagogue is at once an undemocratic charade and a sign of a deep crisis of perspective and leadership in the working class.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/may2002/vote-m06.shtml (1988 words)

	France Government Information
		However, during the legislative elections of 1997, the left won a majority in the Assembly, and Juppé was replaced by Socialist Lionel Jospin.
		The ensuing legislative elections proved to be a victory for the center-right and a reversal of the 1997 elections.
		French and EU analysts stress that longer-term measures must focus on reducing the future burden of ballooning public pension and health care budgets, as well as reducing labor-related taxes.
	www.traveldocs.com /fr/govern.htm (1210 words)

	ZNet Commentary: French Election Has Lessons For Us All
		The results of the French Presidential election are the latest, and perhaps most significant sign, that the shifts in global politics following September 11 are much greater than anyone on the left predicted.
		The failure of the French left to move to the second round in a run off election for the first time since 1969 is a serious sign of the weakness of the left in face of the militarization of corporate globalization.
		During the election Le Pen told Le Monde that no new mosques should be built in France (with a population of 6 million Moslems) until Saudi Arabia allows the construction of a Christian church.
	www.zmag.org /sustainers/content/2002-04/25rebick.cfm (947 words)

	ipedia.com: France Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The French Republic or France (French République Française or France), is a country located in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain.
		Although the French monarchy is often dated to the 5th century, France's continuous existence as a separate entity begins with the 9th-century division of Charlemagne's Frankish empire into an eastern and a western part.
		The official language is French, with several regional languages (including Basque, Breton, Catalan, Corsican, Dutch (Flemish), German (Alsatian), Occitan and Oïl languages), but the French government and school system discouraged the use of any of them until recently.
	www.ipedia.com /france_1.html (1930 words)

	THE BELGRAVIA DISPATCH: The Tsunami Disaster As Seen From Le Monde
		I believe the reference is to the first month or two of WWI, when the Brits hung the French out to dry by refusing to coordinate with the French and keeping their army near the Channel coast (in preparation for possible evacuation), crucially exposing the western flank of the French army to a German onslaught.
		The French, while not all bad, are dominated by those who never fail to resent a favor, are not fit to polish the boots of their fathers from WWI.
		But in spite of heavy French casualties the number of French and English prisoners of war was relatively small, and the retreat of the Allied forces was on the whole an orderly one.
	www.belgraviadispatch.com /archives/004260.html (8976 words)

	France Day 1
		The French presidential system is described as a hybrid system, bringing together features of two different types of government: presidential and parliamentary systems.
		French political culture seems to swing between the democratic and the authoritarian.
		A self-proclaimed French nationalist, self-proclaimed leftist on social issues and conservative on economic matters, he is a dedicated enthusiast squaring the circle by some inscrutable (and certainly not Cartesian) logic." Charismatic, effective speaker and debater of issues.
	people.uncw.edu /tanp/Franceday1.html (1993 words)

	For a boycott of the French election: Statement of the International Committee of the Fourth International
		Hundreds of thousands of French workers and youth have taken to the streets to express their opposition to the anti-immigrant and anti-working class policies of Le Pen’s National Front, as well as their hatred of the system of social inequality and political corruption that spawned this reactionary political movement.
		The first round of the election saw the largest abstention rate since 1958, clearly revealing the alienation of broad masses of the population from the two parties—Gaullist and Socialist—that have dominated political life for decades.
		In her most recent statement, she said she would “not call for abstention in the second round of the presidential election.” She added she would urge workers not to vote for Le Pen, while refusing to join the coalition backing a vote for Chirac.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/apr2002/fran-a26.shtml (1660 words)

	Online NewsHour: France's Election Shock -- April 22, 2002
		I call for the French people, no matter their race, religion or their social conditions, to rally for this historical chance of national recovery.
		It is a shock because the left, which represents 43 percent of the electorate, is not represented in the second round of the election.
		I think we are entering a period that the French first round of the presidential election reflects very accurately.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/europe/jan-june02/election_4-22.html (2106 words)

	The Cornell Review: Extreme right-wing conspiracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The campaign leading up to the first round of the French Presidential election on Sunday April 21, 2002, was nothing out of the ordinary.
		Large numbers of illegal Muslim immigrants from former French colonies in North Africa has resulted in rising crime in the cities and the feeling that French culture and religion is being destroyed.
		Le Pen is predicted to be soundly defeated in the second round of elections with a projected eighty percent voting for Chirac, but even his defeat is a victory.
	www.cornellreview.org /viewart.cgi?num=168 (619 words)

	National Catholic Reporter: How a pope is elected
		The "campaign" is more analogous to the 2003 California gubernatorial recall than a presidential primary -- a quick sprint that flares up unexpectedly and is over before it even seems to begin.
		One privileged spot is L'Eau Vive, a French restaurant located behind the Pantheon in the historic center of Rome.
		They agreed it would be a difficult conclave, for while the progressives had a large vote in the council, the curialists and conservatives certainly remained strong within the College of Cardinals.
	www.nationalcatholicreporter.org /update/conclave/how_to.htm (1444 words)

	The New Yorker: PRINTABLES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Last Monday, on the afternoon following the first round of the French Presidential election, the Paris daily Le Monde ran a cartoon of the National Front candidate Jean-Marie Le Pen piloting a small airplane toward two towers that were identified as the current President, Jacques Chirac, and the current Prime Minister, Lionel Jospin.
		The constitution of the Fifth Republic was hand-tailored, in 1958, for one man, Charles de Gaulle, who wanted a Presidential election with a cutthroat charisma contest, in which the winner assumed absolute monarchical powers, and politics was dislodged from petty party loyalties.
		As the French are now being reminded, it is better to muddle through with your pants around your ankles than to die lucidly with your nose in the air.
	www.newyorker.com /printables/talk/020506ta_talk_gopnik (814 words)

	French presidential elections can kill -- Dorozynski 323 (7320): 1021 -- BMJ
		Several French associations for the prevention of road traffic deaths and injuries have appealed to presidential election
		The presidential amnesty for traffic violations was authorised by the constitution in 1958 and is taken for granted to the
		The next presidential election in France will take place in May 2002.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/323/7320/1021/a (380 words)

	Mitterrand Redux
		The combined total of the left in the April 26 election was just over 47 percent, which is only 1 percent higher than it was in the last presidential poll, in 1974.
		Indeed, the dramatic setback of the French Communist Party is the highlight of this election.
		Some of the loss is undoubtedly due to the nature of the presidential poll and to the wish of the electorate to "vote usefully," as the French say.
	www.thenation.com /docprint.mhtml?i=19810509&s=singer (1025 words)

	France
		The empire became the French Union; the National Assembly was strengthened and the presidency weakened; and France joined NATO.
		French West Africa was partitioned and the new nations were granted independence in 1960.
		The conservative, pro-business climate contributed to the election of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing as president in 1974.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0107517.html (2066 words)

	Passerelles vers d'autres sites - 5e (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Act 1/1987 for Elections to Provincial Parliaments for the Historical Territories of Araba, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa
		Law On The Election Of Deputies And Chairpersons Of Village, Township, District (Rayon), Municipal, City District (Rayon) And Regional (Oblast) Councils (in English)
		Law On The Election Of Deputies And Chairpersons Of Village, Township, District (Rayon), Municipal, City District (Rayon) And Regional (Oblast) Councils (en inglés)
	www.aceproject.org /main/francais/pi/pid05e (1026 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| France votes on EU constitution
		The French traditionally tend to vote later and by midday just over a quarter of urban voters had turned out to cast their votes, according to Le Monde.
		A collective French yes - coupled with a similar result in the Dutch referendum on Wednesday - could give the charter unstoppable momentum, with a dozen other nations left to decide its fate in the coming months.
		If the French reject the treaty, Mr Chirac would suffer the humiliation of becoming only the second leader, after Charles de Gaulle, to lose a referendum since the founding of the Fifth Republic in 1958.
	www.guardian.co.uk /eu/story/0,7369,1495136,00.html (855 words)

	French 321
		Describe in French the itinerary from city A to city B, locating each within a region, letting me know the weather at the start and finish, with any important weather features along the way.
		Pick a French icon which you find to be the most easily identifiable with your impression of France.
		Pick a French icon which you find to be the least easily identifiable with your impression of France.
	www.utm.edu /departments/french/f321.html (1884 words)

	Online NewsHour: Background-French Elections -- April 22, 2002
		Kwame Holman reports on surprising developments in the French presidential elections.
		KWAME HOLMAN: Until yesterday, socialist Prime Minister Leonelle Jospin was expected to be Chirac's competitor in the election but instead, Jospin last night found himself giving a concession speech and announcing his political retirement.
		There were an unprecedented 16 candidates on the ballot yesterday and a record 28% of the electorate stayed home.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/europe/jan-june02/bkgdfrance_4-22.html (550 words)

	CalPundit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This is what the 2004 election should be all about.
		In truth, most elections seem to be decided in favor of whoever seems like a more likeable person.
		Unfortunately for the French, George Bush is a bully too, and the United States has a history of being every bit as intransigent as France.
	calpundit.blogspot.com /2003_03_30_calpundit_archive.html (13965 words)

	Links to Other Sites - 5e (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Consolidated text of Acts 5, 1990 and 15, 1998 for XXIst Century Elections to the Basque Parliament using electronic ballot card (in Spanish, also available in Basque)
		Election Commission of Thailand (in English or Thai)
		Report on 1999 Presidential Elections - ODIHR (in English)
	www.aceproject.org /main/english/pi/pid05e (946 words)

	Timeline 1879-1882
		In 1998 the Durif grape was identified as a cross between the French grape Peloursin and Syrah
		He said of his work that: "The aim is not to reconstitute an anecdotal fact, but to constitute a pictorial fact." He was shot in the head during WW I and had his head drilled to relieve the pressure.
		1882 Nov 18, Jacques Maritain, French Catholic philosopher (exponent of St Thomas), was born.
	timelines.ws /1879_1882.HTML (13985 words)

	Institute of Election Analysis Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Institute is devoted to the scientific analysis of election results, as opposed to polling results.
		As a result of his research, he has discovered that many elections are, in fact, rigged by the professional politicians.
		By just understanding a few simple rules of election analysis, voters can interpret election results for themselves and have a better understanding of both politics and governmental policy.
	www.leinsdorf.com (2103 words)

	Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP \| The Firm \| History
		In 1958, William FitzGibbon became a name partner. It would be the last name change for the firm before becoming Willkie Farr & Gallagher in 1968.
		The Washington office added an environmental regulation practice and would count American Home Products and Chemical Lehman among its frequent clients. By the end of the decade the Washington office would have a headcount of over 100: 13 partners, one counsel, 45 associates and a staff of more than 50.
		At Willkie, Cuomo would play an active role in advising public companies, boards of directors and audit committees on issues of corporate governance, financial reporting and special investigations, and would engage in a broad practice in national and international corporate law and litigation matters.
	www.willkie.com /firm/firm.aspx?type=history (2408 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 97003710
		Table of contents for French politics and society / Alistair Cole.
		207 13.3 The French economy and economic management 212 13.4 Dirigisme and its limits 216 13.5 Conclusion and summary 219 14 Immigration, integration and cultural diversity: the case of the Maghreb community in France 221 14.1 Introduction and objectives 221 14.2 French immigration policy, 1945-95: an overview 221 14.3.
		260 Appendices 263 1 The 1995 French presidential election: a sociological profile of first-round electors 265 2 National Assembly elections, 1958-97 266 3 Presidential elections in the Fifth Republic: first ballot 267 4 Six presidential election run-offs 268 5 Referendums in the Fifth Republic 269 Glossary 270 References and bibliography 272 Index 287
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/fy035/97003710.html (334 words)

	Political Science Resources/Foreign Politics
		Elections to the European Parliament held June 10-13, 1999
		Directory section gives the election vote totals and number of seats in each country's parliament for the most current election
		Biographies and speeches of Presidential candidates for June 16, 1996 election
	www.lib.umich.edu /govdocs/psfp.html (1441 words)

	May 7 Events in History
		May 7, 1995 Jacques Chirac wins French presidential election
		May 7, 1958 Howard Johnson sets aircraft altitude record in F-104, 27,810 m
		May 7, 1954 French surrender to Vietminh after 55-day siege at Dien Bien Phu
	www.brainyhistory.com /days/may_7.html (2121 words)

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