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| | Piping Plover Atlantic Coast Population Recovery Plan: Reasons for Listing and Continuing Threats |
 | | While hunting is thought to have been a major factor contributing to the decline of the piping plover in the late 19th and 20th centuries, shooting of the piping plover and other migratory birds has been prohibited since 1918 pursuant to the provisions of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. |
 | | Predators of piping plover eggs and chicks include red fox, striped skunk, raccoon, Norway rat, opossum, crows, ravens, gulls, common grackles, American kestrel, domestic and feral dogs and cats, and ghost crabs. |
 | | At other locations, the introduction of predator species to islands has resulted in increased predation pressure on piping plovers and their young. |
| www.fws.gov /northeast/pipingplover/recplan/threats.html (3951 words) |
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