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Topic: French Resistance

	The French Resistance
		French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements during World War II which fought the Nazi German occupation of France and the collaborationist Vichy regime.
		Resistance groups included small groups of armed men and women (referred to as the maquis, if they were based in the countryside), publishers of underground newspapers, and escape networks that helped allied soldiers.
		Another crucial contribution by the French Resistance groups in their cooperation with Allied secret services (see Office of Strategic Services and Special Operations Executive), was the providing of intelligence on the Atlantic Wall and coordinating sabotage and other actions to contribute to the success of Operation Overlord.
	hubpages.com /hub/the_french_resistance (949 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/French Resistance
		French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements during World War II which fought the Nazi German occupation of France and the collaborationist Vichy regime, and was an important factor in the defeat of Hitler and the Nazi revolution.
		Resistance groups included small groups of armed men and women (referred to as the maquis, if they were based in the countryside), publishers of underground newspapers, and escape networks that helped allied soldiers.
		There were resistance movements that took direct orders from the Special Operations Executive, the communist resistance, groups loyal to de Gaulle, regional resistance movements that wanted independence, etc. In the north, the target was simply the Germans, whereas in the south, the Vichy government was a target as well as the Germans.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/French_Resistance (0 words)

	French Resistance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cross of Lorraine used by the French Resistance as a symbolic reference to Joan of Arc.
		The French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements that fought the German occupation of France in World War II and the Vichy France undemocratic regime during World War II after the government and the high command of France surrendered in 1940.
		There were resistance movements that took direct orders from the Special Operations Executive, the communist resistance, groups loyal to de Gaulle, regional resistance movements that wanted independence, etc. In the north, the target was simply the Germans while in the south, the Vichy government was a target as well as the Germans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_Resistance (2511 words)

	French Resistance
		French Resistance is a general term for resistance movements — armed and otherwise — that fought military occupation of Nazi Germany after the Fall of France[?] in 1940.
		French resistance could claim its origin a Charles de Gaulle’s Appeal of June 18 in BBC where he proclaimed that the war was not over.
		Resistance also assisted later Allied invasions in south of France called Operation Dragoon and Anvil[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fr/French_resistance_movement.html (1499 words)

	French Resistance
		The French Resistance refers to the collective French resistance movements which fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and the collaborationist Vichy regime during World War II.
		The French Government instructed its citizens not to fight against the Germans.
		Escaped soldiers from the French Army fled to the forests.
	www.paralumun.com /warfrenchresistance.htm (299 words)

	Photo Archives Query Results
		Civilians and members of the French resistance lead a female collaborator through the streets of Rennes after her head was shaven and covered with iodine.
		Members of the French resistance lead two women accused of being German sympathizers to the local prison, where their heads will be shaved as punishment for collaboration.
		Members of the French resistance display the sign of victory beside a woman whose hair was shorn and her face painted with a swastika for consorting with the Germans during the occupation.
	www.ushmm.org /uia-cgi/uia_query/photos?hr=null&query=kw111667 (876 words)

	History of the French Resistance - the Alliance Reseau, Maquis, FTP and FFI
		I invite all French officers and soldiers who are in Britain or who may find themselves there, with their arms or without, to get in touch with me. Whatever happens, the flame of French resistance must not die and will not die.
		The Communist resistance fighters were not loyal to de Gaulle or to France; their loyalty was to international Communism and the Soviet Union, which was fighting on the side of the Allies, against Fascism.
		French women who were not part of the resistance were asked to volunteer to help sew the armbands.
	www.scrapbookpages.com /Natzweiler/History/FrenchResistance.html (4902 words)

	The Journalism of the French Resistance
		The period after the german defeat of French forces in 1940, from the signing of the armistice on June 22, 1940, to the liberation of France in the summer of 1944, was a bleak time for the press.
		While the center of gravity in the Resistance was on the left, and a large part of the French right leaned toward fascism, underground press people (like their comrades in the larger Resistance) came from all political horizons, from the left and the right, and from all social classes.
		From 1943, the free french authorities and l’Assemblée Consultative, a kind of parliament set up in Algiers—together with the CNR and the Fédération nationale de la presse clandestine, set up in occupied France in September 1943—carefully prepared the rebirth of a free press after the country was liberated.
	www.freedomforum.org /publications/msj/courage.summer2000/y08.html (0 words)

	The French in West Africa
		That ignited resistance in the Algerian interior and during two wars that were fought between 1832 and 1837, rural Berbers united behind Abd al-Qadir (alternate spelling: Abd el-Kader) to oppose the French.
		The "French Soudan" or "Western Sudan" should not be confused with the modern country of Sudan, or with the colony that was known as "Anglo-Egyptian Sudan" during most of the 20th century.
		French expansion, which led to the annexation of huge areas of unprofitable desert and jungle, was motivated by a more complex mixture of interests that included deliberate efforts on the part of soldiers, merchants, geographic societies and groups like the Comité de l'Afrique Française and Union coloniale française to promote the idea of empire.
	courses.wcupa.edu /jones/his312/lectures/fren-occ.htm (2264 words)

	cars - French Resistance
		The French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements that fought military occupation of France by Nazi Germany and the Vichy France undemocratic regime during World War II after the government and the high command of France surrendered in 1940.
		French resistance could claim its origin in Charles de Gaulle's Appeal of June 18 on the BBC where he proclaimed that the war was not over.
		The Resistance was opposed by the German Abwehr, Gestapo, Sicherheitspolizei and Wehrmacht, as well as the Milice, the Vichy France police force led by Joseph Darnand.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/French_Resistance (1922 words)

	CDC - Antibacterial Resistance, Wayampis Amerindians, French Guyana
		Antibacterial resistance is high in developing countries (1) because of self-medication, the suboptimal quality of antibacterial drugs, and poor community and patient hygiene (2).
		Resistance rates in the predominant flora were from 95% to tetracycline to 0% to ceftazidime and nalidixic acid, with no significant differences between adults and children, men and women, or villages.
		Resistance to quinolones, which were not used in this community, was lower than in Europe (12), which illustrates the specificity of selective pressure.
	wwwtest.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no6/03-1015.htm (2317 words)

	1939-1945: Spanish Resistance in France \| libcom.org
		French troops in the area had already been reinforced and further reinforcements were brought in as the 26th Division reached the border.
		As Serge Ravanel of the French Resistance in the Toulouse area acknowledged: "During the War of Spain our comrades had acquired the knowledge that we did not possess; they knew how to make bombs; they knew how to set ambushes; they had a profound knowledge of the technique of guerrilla war".
		By 1942 the Resistance was firmly established, as any final illusions about the Nazis disappeared - with the SS increasingly in control in Paris; decrees demanding workers for German factories; the beginning of the deportation of Jews to the death camps and, in November, German military occupation of the Vichy zone.
	libcom.org /history/1939-1945-spanish-resistance-in-france (4582 words)

	Helene Adams, 85, Hero of French Resistance - September 21, 2006 - The New York Sun
		Helene Deschamps Adams, a hero of the French Resistance who saved American fliers from capture and Jews from execution by the Nazis, and played a role in secret preparations for Allied invasions of France, died in Manhattan Saturday of heart failure.
		Helene Deschamps was born into a French military family at Tientsin, China, in 1921, and grew up in colonial outposts.
		Using the code name Anick, Deschamps worked as a secretary at the Vichy headquarters of the Milice, the French equivalent of the Gestapo, and was able to steal the records of hundreds of people, including Jews, Resistance members and ordinary citizens who had been marked for death or deportation to concentration camps, her daughter said.
	www.nysun.com /article/40132 (620 words)

	Northwest Historical Association (NWHA) - WW2 Reenacting Society
		Following is an article on the rise of the French Resistance after the defeat of the French army in the field in 1940.
		The Resistance networks and movements were largely non-political in their membership, but a number were associated with the leftist French political parties.
		Yet regardless of their political persuasion many veterans of the Resistance complained that as a whole the movement was severely under-supplied with weaponry, and generally felt a lack of confidence, communication and support by the Allied governments.
	www.nwha.org /news_4Q2001/news_page5.html (2398 words)

	French Resistance information - Search.com
		The French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements that fought the German occupation of France in World War II and the Vichy France undemocratic regime during World War II after the government and the high command of France surrendered in 1940.
		French Resistance cooperated with Allied secret services (see Office of Strategic Services and Special Operations Executive), especially in providing intelligence on the Atlantic Wall and coordinating sabotages and other actions to contribute to the success of Operation Overlord.
		There were resistance movements that took direct orders from the Special Operations Executive, the communist resistance, groups loyal to de Gaulle, regional resistance movements that wanted independence, etc. In the north, the target was simply the Germans while in the south, the Vichy government was a target as well as the Germans.
	www.search.com /reference/French_Resistance (0 words)

	Cross-Channel Attack-Chapter 6
		The French Resistance cannot be viewed as a simple revolt against the enemy, although opposition to the Germans was, of course, always the prime motive.
		The first mission of the SOE was to investigate the capabilities of the French Resistance, stimulate passive resistance in French industry working for the Germans, and study the possibilities of forming an underground army.
		Since only a part of the capacity of the French railroads was being utilized directly by the German Army, much of the burden of the interruptions due to sabotage could be and undoubtedly was borne by French civilian traffic.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/wwii/7-4/7-4_6.HTM (12620 words)

	Women in the French Resistance Women in the French Resistance
		She was deported to Auschwitz in January of 1942 for her Resistance work, then sent to Ravensbruck.[22] After the war, she returned to France to b ecome a member of the Constituent Assemblies in 1945-1946 and the Vice President of the National Assembly in 1956-1958.
		She was remar kable because she continued her Resistance work inside the death camps, and at the time of liberation, refused to return to France as long as there were sick people to care for, indicating her fervent desire not only to help other women but also to contin ue her fight against fascism.
		The goal of the resistance movement that she helped organize at Auschwitz was to somehow remain human beings and survive through moral and material help, while at the same time maintaining confidence in an eventual Allied victory.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~epf/1994/resist.html (5721 words)

	::The French Resistance::
		The public had been assured that the French army, along with the Maginot Line, was more than strong enough to resist a German attack.
		There were resistance movements that took direct orders from the Special Operations Executive, there was the communist resistance, groups loyal to de Gaulle, regional resistance movements that wanted independence etc. In the north, the target was simply the Germans while in the south, the Vichy government was a target as well as the Germans.
		The first resistance movements were in the north, such as the OCM (Organisation Civile et Militaire) and by the end of 1940, six underground newspapers were being regularly printed in the north.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /french_resistance.htm (1128 words)

	Frence Resistance
		These armed resistance groups were able to slow down the attempt by the 2nd SS Panzer Division to get to the Normandy beaches.
		All resistance organizations of any composition or political affiliation, other than the three principal groups associated with the Coordinating Committee, must be invited to attach their members to one of these groups and to merge their action units with units of the Secret Army now being formed.
		Assassination of any French patriot which is not immediately followed by the execution of those responsible for the crime or of another of their people is a dishonor for the Resistance.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FRresistance.htm (3214 words)

	Samuel N. Blatchford, Master Sergeant, United States Air Force
		The French government presented him with its Freedom Medal for his work with the French Resistance, a Citizenship Medal bestowing honorary citizenship, as well as the key to the city of Lisio.
		Members of the French Resistance smuggled him to the isolated town of Lisio, where the local butcher used a carving knife to remove the shrapnel.
		He was rescued by a French farmer, and members of the French Resistance smuggled him to the town of Lisio, where the local butcher used a carving knife to remove the shrapnel.
	www.arlingtoncemetery.net /snblatchford.htm (2017 words)

	To Free France - The French Resistance and S.O.E.
		I have been interested in the brave men and women of the French Resistance and the S.O.E. for a long time and this site is intended to be an introduction to their exciting stories.
		The work of the SOE and French Resistance was highly dangerous, especially for the wireless operators, who had to move quickly from place to place for fear of capture.
		Diana Rowden, an SOE agent, and her partner in the Resistance, Msr Clerc, for example, offered a senior member of the Peugeot family, which made tank turrets for the German army, this choice.
	vivefrance.tripod.com (1215 words)

	Driver: Letter - French Resistance
		It was argued that the resistance was merely an appendage of the Allied imperialists’ war machine, and that consequently to support the resistance would be tantamount to supporting one imperialist camp against the other.
		The Trotskyists who participated in the resistance orientated themselves towards such developments, and through their propaganda and activities attempted to separate the interests of Socialist resistants from the embrace of bourgeois nationalism.
		Indeed, it was the French Trotskyists who actually encouraged and led the seizure of a number of factories in the Paris area from their bourgeois owners during the liberation period.
	www.marxists.org /history/etol/revhist/backiss/vol2/no2/resistce.html (781 words)

	The New Zealand Edge : Heroes : Warriors : Nancy Wake
		In 1939 Nancy, married a handsome wealthy French industrialist, Henri Fiocca, in Marseilles (apparently seduced by his proficiency in tango).
		The Resistance movement's principal objective was to weaken the German army for a major attack by allied troops.
		After the war her achievements were heralded by medals and awards: the George Medal from Britain for her leadership and bravery under fire, the Resistance Medal, Officer of the Legion d’Honneur and Croix de Guerre with two bronze palms and a silver star from France, and the Medal of Freedom from America.
	www.nzedge.com /heroes/wake.html (2676 words)

	The French Resistance in World War II - Associated Content
		The French Resistance during World War II did many things that helped their country gains its freedom back as well as swing favor of the war toward the Allies.
		The French army was then disbanded and the French were forced to pay $120,000,000 as a fine and France also had to pay two billion dollars a year as occupation costs (Polmar 302).
		The French people had been assured by their government that the French army and the Maginot Line would be more than enough to stop any German offensive (Farah 609).
	www.associatedcontent.com /article/282821/the_french_resistance_in_world_war.html (793 words)

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