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Topic: Frequency band

In the News (Sat 28 Nov 09)

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	Method of producing amorphous alloy thin strip for commercial frequency band transformers - Patent 5322113
		A method of producing amorphous alloy thin strip suitable for use in commercial frequency band transformers utilizes a high-quality molten steel suitable for electromagnetic silicon steel plates but containing insufficient silicon and boron.
		The strip is highly useful for commercial frequency band transformers which typically have operating frequencies of 50Hz and 60Hz.
		Thus, to use it to make an amorphous alloy for commercial frequency band transformers, it is necessary to add silicon and boron to the molten steel.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5322113.html (3221 words)

	Very low frequency - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This frequency range is used nowadays for the transmission of instructions to submerged submarines (for example with the transmitter DHO38), since radio waves can penetrate some dozen of meters in sea water in this frequency band.
		Early in the history of radio engineering within the band starting from 20 kHz attempts were made to use radiotelephone using amplitude and single-sideband modulation, but the result was unsatisfactory, because of the small avalable bandwidth.
		This frequency range is subject to no control on the part of the international communications organization (International Telecommunication Union) and may be used in some states by license-free.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Very_low_frequency (390 words)

	Dual-tone multi-frequency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		No frequency is a multiple of another, the difference between any two frequencies does not equal any of the frequencies, and the sum of any two frequencies does not equal any of the frequencies.
		The frequencies were initially designed with a ratio of 21/19, which is slightly less than a whole tone.
		The high frequencies may be the same volume or louder as the low frequencies when sent across the line.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dual_tone_multi_frequency (942 words)

	RFI status of 510 -- 690 MHz frequency band of the GBT
		This note describes Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) measurements in the 510--690 MHz frequency band of the GBT to determine which frequency ranges are relatively free of RFI.
		To scan the full frequency band of the 600 MHz system using the spectral processor, the center frequencies were set to 530, 565, 600, 635 and 670 MHz for successive data acquisitions.
		The frequencies and relative amplitudes of the RFI components picked up by the automatic RFI detection glish routine are written into the file avrg600jan15.freq.
	www.gb.nrao.edu /~fghigo/rfi_aroshi/rfi600jan15.html (956 words)

	Frequency Band Considerations and Recommendations
		The number of lines of interest might be estimated to lie in between the number for which frequency protection is being sought, as a minimum number, to the number in a complete census of lines expected in a particular window.
		It is important that the frequency coverage overlap with the VLBA including coverage of the 43 GHz SiO maser and 44 GHz methanol maser lines which are in the same 41-44 GHz band.
		Note that the 90-115 GHz band is one of those that may be switched to for phase calibration when observing at higher frequencies, so it would be serious if an interfering signal in some part of the band caused compression.
	www.alma.nrao.edu /library/whitepapers/freq/mmafreqs (3381 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A transceiver according to either claim 1 or 2 wherein the first frequency band is substantially the same as the second frequency band.
		A transceiver according to claim 1 wherein the first frequency band is substantially different from the second frequency band.
		A transceiver according to claim 6 wherein the first frequency band is 2.4 GHz and the second frequency band is 5.8 GHz.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/31886.000602&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (1381 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Frequency band averaging can be block averaging or a running average, and is specified in terms of frequency number.
		Example: If the first band is to be frequencies: f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, then enter 3.
		last freq band -> this is the center point or frequency number of the last frequency band.
	www.pmel.noaa.gov /ftp/epic/manual-dir/spceig.pdf.txt (494 words)

	DMC Article - On the Microwave Path (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Typical frequency bands now in use in cellular systems are 8, 10, 13, 15, 18, 23 and 38 GHz, though some of these may not even be available in some countries.
		For ease of frequency co-ordination, two or three channels from each available band should be secured and allocated so that when assigning frequencies for the microwave link, only interference from within the network has to be considered.
		While the disadvantage of using higher frequency bands on longer paths is rain outage, the drawback of using lower frequencies on shorter paths is frequency congestion.
	www.stratexnet.com /about_us/our_technology/files/mobile_article/mobile.fdesign.html (853 words)

	Frequency Spectrum (Police Traffic Radar Handbook)
		The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates frequency use by setting specifications for transmit frequency, power, bandwidth, modulation, and location, to name a few, and requires a license for many uses.
		Military radar band nomenclature (L, S, C, X, Ku, K and Ka bands) originated during World War II as a secret code so scientists and engineers could talk about frequencies without divulging them.
		Military radar band nomenclature is widely used today in radar, satellite and terrestrial communications, and electronic countermeasure applications, both military and commercial.
	copradar.com /preview/xappA/xappA.html (241 words)

	Radio frequency -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The ELF, SLF, ULF, and VLF bands overlap the AF ((An audible acoustic wave frequency) audio frequency) spectrum, which is approximately 20–20,000 Hz.
		Electrical connectors designed to work at radio frequencies are known as (additional info and facts about RF connector) RF connectors.
		RF is also the name of a standard audio/video (An instrumentality that connects) connector, also called (additional info and facts about BNC) BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ra/radio_frequency.htm (270 words)

	RFI status of 290 -- 395 MHz frequency band of the GBT
		This note describes Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) measurements in the 290--395 MHz frequency band of the GBT to determine which frequency ranges are relatively free of RFI.
		To scan the full frequency band of the 342.5 MHz system using the spectral processor, the center frequencies were set to 310, 340, and 375 MHz for successive data acquisitions.
		The frequencies and relative amplitudes of the RFI components picked up by the automatic RFI detection glish routine are written into the file avrg300dec27.freq.
	www.gb.nrao.edu /~fghigo/rfi_aroshi/rfi300dec27.html (1000 words)

	DSP Voice Frequency Compandor
		Simply put, frequency companding is a method of removing the most unused frequency components from a given source and then shifting the remaining components together.
		Frequency shifting can be done quite simply by multiplying a signal in the time domain by a complex exponential.
		The frequency spectrum must be symmetrical around the origin, otherwise you have a complex number in the time domain (which you'll find rather difficult to send out the D/A converter).
	www.wwc.edu /~frohro/qex/qex-art.html (2443 words)

	P3D Frequency Conversion
		Calculate your transmitter frequency (in MHz) by subtracting your receiver frequency (in MHz) from the conversion constant from the table.
		Doppler shift is proportional to frequency, and to the radial velocity of the satellite.
		Uplink Doppler is proportional to uplink frequency, and downlink Doppler is proportional to downlink frequency.
	www.amsat.org /amsat/sats/phase3d/p3dmagic.html (335 words)

	Broadband Normal- Modes Model) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In this case the frequencies and the corresponding modes where the shifting appears are identified, and the accurate brute-force frequency-by-frequency technique is applied only for those frequencies and modes.
		The frequency band of interest is divided into a certain number of frequency sub-bands (originally equal in size).
		If a frequency sub-band includes a jump of this type, the number of brute-force calculations is increased from the minimum mode number in the third sub-band to the maximum mode number in the first or second sub-band.
	www.saclantc.nato.int /mast/prosim/public/techrep3/chap3-1a/Chap3_1a.htm (2517 words)

	Frequency Band and Licensing Requirements For Broadband
		Wireless broadband networks are being deployed in a number of frequency bands — from the low end 800 MHz ISM band to 38 GHz Wide band.
		The advantage in going up the frequency band is the ability to use higher bandwidth and therefore achieving higher network speed and capacity — in voice terms, it means more channels and more subscribers.
		Note: Wireless Data speed is a function of bandwidth, the frequency band employed, modulation technology used, # of channels dedicated, clear line of sight and signal strength, and other factors.
	www.mobileinfo.com /Broadband/wrls_bdbd_frequ.htm (315 words)

	Wireless Overview - The radio modem
		The principle of Direct Sequence is to spread the signal on a larger band by multiplexing it with a signature (the code), to minimise localised interference and background noise.
		Also, the Frequency Hopping system have to include a process called whitening, to conform to radio transmission constraints, inserting some regular stuff bits in each packets (to avoid long strings of 0 or 1), adding more overhead (on the other a Direct Sequence signal is withened by the Direct Sequence process).
		For example, if B is the base frequency (the carrier) and d the carrier deviation, each time the system want to transmit a 0 it creates a waveform of frequency B-d (a symbol), and each time it want to transmit a 1 it creates a waveform of frequency B+d.
	www.hpl.hp.com /personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/Linux.Wireless.modem.html (6289 words)

	EE206
		A band pass filter can in principle be constructed by combining a low and high pass filter in cascade.
		The mid frequency amplification should be –2.5 (gain in the band pass).
		Apply a sinusoidal frequency of 1V peak-to-peak to the input of the circuit and measure the amplitude and phase of the output voltage, using the probe of the oscilloscope.
	www.seas.upenn.edu /~ese206/labs/Filterlab.html (1204 words)

	Internet Sound Institute - Importance of Frequency Selection
		The Lo bands have a definite cost advantage, but are also very susceptible to interference from cordless telephones, toys, and garage door openers.
		This band is not currently used by major manufacturers for wireless microphones.
		Frequency coordination with other nearby users is important if you want to add an additional wireless microphone and not have interference problems.
	www.soundinstitute.com /article_detail.cfm/146 (874 words)

	Frequency Band: A Musical Ecology and Sanctuary for Musicians
		And if their relationship with music did not begin with love, but was an 'arranged marriage,' the Frequency Band ecology is there for them to find out if they ever fell in love with music along the way or if they would like to do so now.
		All Frequency Band concerts, rehearsals, workshops and OPTs include components of this specific musical training and education, allowing FB participants the opportunity to acquire unique and highly effective methods and skills which they can apply not only within the FB, but to other musical and life engagements as well.
		The Frequency Band is open worldwide to anyone of genuine intention--without religious, national, political, gender, sexual orientation or racial exclusion.
	www.air-ev.com /fb.html (1374 words)

	FCC News Release:
		Wall-imaging systems are designed to detect the location of objects contained within a “wall,” such as a concrete structure, the side of a bridge, or the wall of a mine.
		Vehicular Radar Systems: Provides for the operation of vehicular radar systems in the 24 GHz band using directional antennas on terrestrial transportation vehicles provided the center frequency of the emission and the frequency at which the highest radiated emission occurs are greater than 24.075 GHz.
		The devices must operate in the frequency band 3.1-10.6 GHz.
	www.fcc.gov /Bureaus/Engineering_Technology/News_Releases/2002/nret0203.html (963 words)

	[No title]
		The conventional approach to generating local oscillator (LO) power for millimeter and submillimeter wave heterodyne mixers is to generate power at a lower frequency using a suitable phased-locked source, and to convert this power to the desired commensurate frequency using a nonlinear diode such as a varactor in a frequency multiplier circuit.
		The highest frequency band is a future possibility and is not planned to be implemented as part of the initial construction.
		The output frequency of the unit is phased-locked to the sixth or eighth harmonic of a 10-15 GHz frequency synthesizer in the case of either 60-90 or 80-120 GHz operation, respectively.
	www.cv.nrao.edu /alma/almaweb/www/library/spie98/bradley (2690 words)

	Band (Frequency Band) - Glossary Entry - Mobile Phone Directory
		Band (Frequency Band) is a term used in telecommunications to refer to a range of frequencies authorised for specific purposes.
		Each band will be a continuous spectrum of frequencies, with upper and lower limits, and international use of these bands is regulated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) to prevent interference.
		For example, the medium wave band is approved for several purposes, the most well-known being its use for public service AM (Amplitude Modulation) radio broadcasts.
	www.mobile-phone-directory.org /Glossary/B/Band.html (86 words)

	Theory of Frequency Division Multiplexing - Tutorial - Development Library - National Instruments
		In many communication systems, a single, large frequency band is assigned to the system and is shared among a group of users.
		At the receiving end of the system, bandpass filters are used to pass the desired signal (the signal lying in the appropriate frequency sub-band) to the appropriate user and to block all the unwanted signals.
		The frequency band from 88 MHz to 108 MHz is reserved over the public airwaves for commercial FM broadcasting.
	zone.ni.com /devzone/conceptd.nsf/webmain/A3AB58D0D470AC2686256E000079BBDC (671 words)

	Allocation Table and Footnotes (Revised 9/95) - [Framed]
		A Government frequency assignment may be authorized in a non-Government band, as an exception, provided a) the assignment is coordinated with the FCC and b) no harmful interference will be caused to the service rendered by non-Government stations, present or future.
		A non-Government frequency assignment may be authorized in a Government band, as an exception, provided a) the assignment is coordinated with the IRAC and b) no harmful interference will be caused to the service rendered by Government stations, present or future.
		For the use of frequencies by Government radio stations outside the United States and Possessions, Government agencies shall be guided insofar as practicable by the ITU Table of Frequency Allocations and, where applicable, by the authority of the host government.
	www.ntia.doc.gov /osmhome/alloctbl/alloctbl.html (1255 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This implies, provided the amplification factors are allowed to assume arbitrary values, that a very high amplification factor will be applied to this frequency band, and noise or other unwanted signal components will be adjusted to the same energy as that of the original.
		Usually this is done by grouping the frequency bands according to a Bark-scale, thus exploiting the logarithmic frequency resolution of the human auditory system.
		It is advantageous, after obtaining the appropriate amplification factors, to apply smoothing in time and frequency, in order to avoid aliasing and ringing in the adjusting filterbank as well as ripple in the amplification factors.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/45379.000803&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3111 words)

	Board on Physics and Astronomy
		In addition, CORF does not oppose the allocation of the 1670-1675 MHz band to Fixed and Mobile Services (except aeronautical mobile), as long as service rules are enacted that protect important RAS observations in the adjacent 1660-1670 MHz band.
		CORF also suggests that the Commission prohibit transmissions in the 1660-1660.5 MHz band until sharing rules and coordination mechanisms are established, and that the provisions of Section 25.202(f) or proposed Section 26.216(a) be applied to emissions into that band.
		CORF demonstrates that it will be difficult for satellite space-to-Earth downlinks in the 10.7-12.7 GHz band to operate in a manner that does not cause harmful interference to radio astronomy observations in the 10.6-10.7 GHz band, in which the Radio Astronomy Service has a primary allocation.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /bpa/1projects_corf_filings.html (2243 words)

	Section
		Operations in this band are on a secondary basis to stations operating in accordance with the Commission's table of frequency allocations contained in Sec.
		The frequency 24.10 GHz, and frequencies in the 24.20-24.25 GHz band may use NON emission along with an ancillary FM digital emission.
		Equipment operating on this frequency must have a frequency stability of at least 2000 ppm and is exempt from the requirements of Secs.
	a257.g.akamaitech.net /7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2002/octqtr/47cfr90.103.htm (1797 words)

	The Radio Spectrum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Just be aware, having the right frequency may not be enough, in tuning to a certain frequency.
		Most all scanners will pick a default mode for you, depending on what frequency band you are in.
		FREQUENCY USES/SERVICES (in Megahertz unless otherwise indicated) 10 - 150 khz Military/government, submarine communications (.01 -.15 MHz) 150 - 535 khz Longwave Band, beacons, foreign broadcasts, maritime.
	www.fordyce.org /scanning/scanning_info/spectrum.html (562 words)

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