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Topic: Frequency compensation

	Frequency compensation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In electrical engineering, frequency compensation is a design technique for amplifiers which use negative feedback or those, such as operational amplifiers, that are intended for use with negative feedback.
		The primary goal of frequency compensation is to avoid unintentionally creating positive feedback, although the technique enjoys secondary benefits such as providing nearly constant phase over a larger range of operating frequencies.
		Frequency compensation might be accomplished by adding a capacitor in a feedback loop in the second stage of the amplifier.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frequency_compensation (538 words)

	Frequency compensation -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		The primary goal of frequency compensation is to avoid unintentionally creating (Feedback in phase with (augmenting) the input) positive feedback, although the technique enjoys secondary benefits such as providing nearly constant (Any distinct time period in a sequence of events) phase over a larger range of operating (additional info and facts about frequencies) frequencies.
		At this frequency, negative feedback becomes positive feedback; not only are the benefits of negative feedback lost, but the gain is destabilized and (additional info and facts about nonlinear) nonlinear effects become more pronounced.
		Another, potentially disastrous, drawback of frequency compensation arises when active (An artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system) components are used in the feedback loop.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fr/frequency_compensation.htm (584 words)

	Monolithic step attenuator having internal frequency compensation - US Patent 5666089 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Compensation for the variation in the frequency response may be achieved external to the attenuator by adjusting the amplitude of the applied electrical signal according to the signal frequency.
		If the frequency response is not flat or constant, frequency compensation external to the attenuator 10 is often applied, increasing the cost and complexity of microwave systems in which the attenuator 10 is used.
		Internal frequency compensation is provided as long as the FET switch S5 is open in the monolithic step attenuator's 20 high attenuation state, regardless of whether the FET switch S5 is open or closed in the low attenuation state.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5666089.html (4918 words)

	frequency compensation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		In general, it should be expected that even the simplest amplifiers have at least two poless.
		More importantly, however, is the fact that over most practical frequencies, negative feedback is preserved.
		For example, a hypothetical amplifier comfiguration which uses an op-amp for both the forward amplifier and the feedback loop would have -180° phase at even low frequencies.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /frequency_compensation.html (575 words)

	Electronic timepiece with temperature compensation - Patent 4453834
		This frequency compensation operation can be implemented in various ways, either by directly controlling the frequency of operation of the quartz crystal oscillator circuit, as in the preferred embodiments described hereinafter, or by controlling the effective frequency division ratio of the frequency divider circuit which receives the timebase signal.
		Frequency divider circuit 12 comprises an input frequency divider circuit 162, a primary frequency divider circuit 164 coupled to receive the output from circuit 162, and a secondary frequency divider circuit 166 coupled to receive the output signal from primary frequency divider circuit 164.
		This frequency switching is performed in accordance with the output signal applied to the latter terminal from pulse synthesizing section 160 of correction signal synthesizing circuit 27 is at the high logic level (hereinafter referred to as the H level) or the low logic level (hereinafter referred to as the L level).
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4453834.html (9343 words)

	Phase locked loop frequency synthesizer with DC data modulation capability - Patent 5130676
		A phase locked loop frequency synthesizer in accordance with claim 13 further comprising a cancellation means, responsive to said corresponding predefined compensation signal and coupled to said phase locked loop means, for substantially continuously compensating for normal response of said phase locked loop to said modulation signal.
		A phase locked loop frequency synthesizer in accordance with claim 19 wherein said cancellation means operates to combine a phase detector output signal and said at least one corresponding predefined compensation signal so as to substantially continuously compensate for normal response to said frequency synthesizer to said detected modulation level.
		The compensation section (73) is functionally comprised of a detector arrangement for providing a detected modulation level corresponding to one of a plurality of FSK modulation levels, and a signal synthesis circuit responsive to the detected modulation level for synthesizing a corresponding predefined compensation signal (72).
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5130676.html (4110 words)

	Pole Zero Analysis - Part 3 Loudness Compensation
		The low frequency "pole" shifts upward as the level is reduced, and the actual high frequency compensation "slope" is quite high, changing about 15dB from 4kHz to 15kHz (which corresponds to about 2 "zeros" of real compensation).
		A low frequency pole-zero pair is implemented with a series resistance from input to output then a series resistor capacitor to ground.
		This has the effect of sliding the compensation point higher in frequency as the overall attenuation is increased.
	members.aol.com /sbench/freqres3.html (884 words)

	Frequency compensation - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Frequency Compensation Techniques for Low-Power Operational Amplifiers (The International Series in Engineering and Computer Science)
		Optimum compensation method and filter cutoff frequency in myocardial SPECT: A human observer study : An article from: The Journal of Nuclear Medicine
		Frequency response characterization and compensation of the Lamdascan A/F Analyzer (SAE)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /frequency_compensation.htm (688 words)

	Low-frequency compensation for video amplifiers
		At low frequencies the capacitive reactance of the coupling capacitor (C2 in figure 2-8) is high.
		The RC network of R4 and C3 compensates for the effects of C2 and R5 and extends the low-frequency response of the amplifier.
		As frequency increases, the reactance of C3 decreases.
	www.tpub.com /neets/book8/31d.htm (477 words)

	Welcome to Roger Russell's
		The response can be adjusted to have lower output at frequencies where there is a corresponding acoustic peak and increased output at frequencies where there is a dip.
		Low frequency compensation is not recommended for other brands of systems because the bass boost may overdrive other woofers that are not designed for this kind of use.
		The frequency control is used to select the particular frequency band of interest and is common to both pink noise output and AA2 input circuits.
	www.roger-russell.com /room2.htm (3379 words)

	Chiropractors for Justice v. Workers Compensation Board (5/19/95), 895 P 2d 962
		A substantial relationship exists between the frequency standards and the State's objective of "ensur[ing] the quick, efficient, fair, and predictable delivery of indemnity and medical benefits to injured workers at a reasonable cost to the employers." Ch.
		Chiropractors may be paid for frequent treatments by adhering to the regulation and demonstrating that the treatments are reasonable and necessary.
		See Arthur Larson, The Law of Worker's Compensation 79.83(c), at 15-508 (1993) ("[t]he physician-patient privilege not only is of doubtful utility, but because of the high proportion of cases in which declarations to physicians are indispensable links in the testimony, it is capable of working severe injustice.") (footnotes and citations omitted).
	www.touchngo.com /sp/html/sp-4210.htm (4295 words)

	McIntosh Equalizer History Part4
		A high frequency compensation control allows the response above 1kHz to be adjusted to match the slope of the low frequencies in accordance with the suggested curves in the owner’s manual.
		Frequency Response: 20Hz to 20,000Hz +0, /- 0.5dB
		It should be noted that although equalization can compensate for a deficiency in speaker response at a particular location in front, it cannot compensate for all points around a speaker if the speaker has directional problems.
	www.roger-russell.com /equalizers.htm (1604 words)

	Index for 2_Frequency-Change-Compensation
		Taken together, I believe these two graphs show that the source of frequency changes during this transmission was not in the transmitting, or receiving, equipment, but was caused by changing motion within the ionosphere.
		Although these Frequency Change Compensations lie within a band about 7 Hz wide, the second graph below shows a dramatic reduction in the nominal capacity of the outer code that had to be used in order to correct the errors left by the inner decoder.
		Thus, in addition to compensating for a signal that was changing relatively rapidly in frequency, quite a few short drop outs had to be corrected for, in order to recover an exact copy of the file W8ZCF sent.
	www.kiva.net /~djones/2_Frequency-Change-Compensation/index01.html (1215 words)

	Super low frequency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Super Low Frequency (SLF) is the frequency range between 30 Hertz and 300 Hertz.
		In this frequency range there are the frequencies of the AC power grids (50 Hertz and 60 Hertz).
		Very long wave transmitters on frequencies under 10kHz are the Russian ZEVS on the frequency 82 cycles per second and the American transmitter Sanguine on the frequency 76 cycles per second.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Super_low_frequency (449 words)

	Robust, High-Resolution, Whole Cell Patch-Clamp Capacitance Measurements Using Square Wave Stimulation -- Thompson et ...
		frequency of the voltage stimulus (Lindau and Neher, 1988
		the capacitance compensation circuitry of the EPC-7 amplifier.
		The capacitance compensation controls of the patch clamp amplifier were used to simulate a cell.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/2/937 (6174 words)

	[No title]
		Compensation: $2 per copy sold, plus contributor copy Notes: This line of publications is a set of novels and novellas that just don't quite fit within the scope of the fanzines that we produce, usually due to sheer size, or just because this publisher thinks they deserve their own place to exist.
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		Compensation: Artists and authors who contribute at least one full page are entitled to a free copy of that issue.
	www.tigerden.com /infopage/furry/zines.txt (3608 words)

	(WO 99/00902) COMMUNICATION DEVICE A FREQUENCY COMPENSATING SYNTHESIZER AND METHOD OF PROVIDING SAME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		At least one of the frequency synthesizers (24) is driven with a reference frequency from a crystal oscillator (58).
		The at least one frequency synthesizer (24) includes a phase locked loop with a fractional-N divider (48) which is programmed by a control circuit (64) to vary as a function of temperature compensation, frequency compensation, and a frequency multiplication factor.
		The output (46) of the at least one frequency synthesizer (24) is used to provide a compensated reference frequency input for the remaining frequency synthesizers (28, 30).
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/00902.990107&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (254 words)

	analogZONE Columnist Dennis Feucht: Two-Pole Compensation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Dominant-pole (single-pole) compensation reduces gain appreciably at higher frequencies because the pole must be placed at a relatively low frequency in order to decrease the loop gain to one at a desirable phase margin.
		The dynamic response may then be acceptable but the side-effect is that, except at low frequencies, the loop gain rolls off, and high-frequency amplifier performance suffers.
		The two-pole compensation technique sustains high gain to a higher break frequency, where it then rolls off at -40 dB/decade (-2 slope) followed by a zero that restores the magnitude to that of dominant-pole compensation.
	www.analogzone.com /col_0628.htm (178 words)

	CTS Announces Breakthrough in High Stability, Low-Noise Analog TCXOs
		ELKHART, Ind.--June 7, 2001--CTS Corporation today announced the implementation of a new analog temperature compensation method for achieving precise frequency versus temperature stability, which is now being utilized in select CTS precision temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) designs.
		"When it is necessary to achieve precise frequency versus temperature stability, traditional analog temperature compensation methods have been constrained by a time-consuming, labor intensive process," states James Hart, vice president and general manager of CTS Frequency Products.
		"TCXOs with digital compensation are available at similar stabilities, but are inherently noisy and exhibit discrete steps in frequency as the compensation data is updated causing loss of lock in phase lock loop applications, disrupting system timing integrity.
	www.theautochannel.com /news/2001/06/07/022711.html (537 words)

	Effects of Echo Intensity on Doppler-Shift Compensation Behavior in Horseshoe Bats -- Smotherman and Metzner 89 (2): ...
		Frequency analysis of the echolocation calls was performed using the dominant second harmonic of the CF component, which was
		The method of estimating the threshold from the time at which the bat begins to compensate is demonstrated for the lowest playback intensity (open triangles).
		DSC performance over a broad range of modulation frequencies is quantified by measuring the mean amplitude of the peak-to-peak changes in call frequency during DSC and relating these to the maximum peak-to-peak change in playback frequency.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/89/2/814 (5632 words)

	Frequency Compensation Tolerance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		At the end, the program suggests a specific strategy to excite a three-level atom using three frequencies that are linear combinations of the target and reference frequencies.
		However, almost never will these excitation frequencies be in resonance with the atomic transitions, and instead there are going to be large detunings.
		Note that the more references, the more stages and the more complex search one performs, the more likely is that a triplet of excitation frequencies close to the atomic transitions of one of the atoms in the database will be found.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~qoptics/QIHome/MetQuIn/Help/Compensation.html (123 words)

	Frequency compensation techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Citations: Compensation for the effect of the communication channel in auditory-...
		Frequency compensation techniques for low-power multistage amplifiers (US6208206...
		Active compensation for ambient magnetic noise in the unshielded environment...
	www.scienceoxygen.com /electrical/363.html (368 words)

	(WO 01/69773) VOLTAGE CONTROLLED CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR TEMPERATURE COMPENSATING CIRCUIT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		A controller (31) uses the frequency correction information to produce a digital value (39) which is supplied to a DAC (29) which controls the output frequency of the VCXO (25).
		While the frequency is being stabilised in this manner, compensation values are determined based on the DAC value (39) and temperature values from a temperature ADC (45), and stored in memory (41).
		Each compensation value corresponds to a linear temperature region, and relates to the gradient for that temperature region.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/69773.010920&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (245 words)

	Frequency compensation techniques for low-power multistage amplifiers (US6208206)
		A three stage amplifier is disclosed provided with a novel frequency compensation technique.
		Only a single feedback loop with a single compensation capacitance is provided.
		Instead of a conventional nested compensation technique, damping factor control is provided by means of a fourth gain stage in order to stabilize the amplifier.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06208206__ (222 words)

	Test Probe Frequency Compensation
		This capacitor matches the capacity of the probe and connecting cable to the input of the oscilloscope for flat frequency response.
		The compensation affects both the CRT display and the digital peakto-peak function.
		Check the probe's compensation by connecting it to the PROBE COMP jack on the front panel.
	www.tpub.com /celec/52.htm (662 words)

	National Conference of Insurance Legislators (NCOIL)
		Strauss said that since 1990, the frequency of workers’ compensation claims had dropped 24 percent, while the severity of those claims had risen 15 percent.
		He said that one of the charges of the Workers’ Compensation Insurance Committee in 2000 was to develop an NCOIL model act to protect consumers involved in the transfer of structured settlements payment transfers.
		Rick Victor of the Workers Compensation Research Institute to come back to address the Committee in New Orleans to speak on his organization’s multistate benchmarking study on workers’ compensation insurance.
	www.ncoil.org /ncoilinfo/minutes/summer7.html (2250 words)

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