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Topic: Friedrich IV of Habsburg

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	Habsburg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Albert IV (Albrecht IV), duke of Austria 1395 - 1404, in conflict with Leopold IV.
		Frederick IV (Friedrich), brother of Ernst, 1402 - 1439 duke of Tyrol and Vorderösterreich
		NB: Maria Theresa of Austria, Habsburg heiress and wife of emperor Francis I Stephen, reigned as Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia 1740 - 1780
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Habsburg (2570 words)

	Encyclopedia: Habsburg
		Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II Maximilian II of the Habsburg dynasty was born in 1527 at Vienna and died in 1576 in Regensburg.
		Albert II Habsburg (August 10, 1397 - October 27, 1439), German ruler, king of Bohemia and Hungary, and (as Albert V) duke of Austria, was born on August 10, 1397, the son of Albert IV of Habsburg, duke of Austria.
		An engraving by W. Killian from 1623 Friedrich IV of Austria (1382 - June 24, 1439) was a Habsburg duke of Tirol, son of Leopold III of Austria.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Habsburg (10618 words)

	Habsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Habsburg (frequently spelled Hapsburg) was one of the ruling houses of Europe: rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282–1453, archdukes 1453–1804, and emperors 1804–1918), kings of Spain (1516–1700), and Holy Roman Emperors for several centuries to 1806.
		However, the heiress of the last Austrian Habsburg (Maria Theresa) had married Francis Stephen Duke of Lorraine, and their descendants carried on the Habsburg tradition from Vienna under the dynastic name Habsburg-Lorraine.
		Hungary, nominally under Habsburg kingship from 1526 but mostly under Ottoman Turkish occupation for 150 years, was reconquered in 1683–1699.
	www.1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/h/ha/habsburg.html (714 words)

	Habsburg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Between and his brother, the Habsburg properties were split, with Albrecht keeping the Aargau and the western parts, the eastern parts going to Rudolph III.
		After the death of Rudolph IV, his brothers Albert III and Leopold III ruled the Habsburg possessions together from 1365 until 1379, when they split the territories in the Treaty of Neuberg, Albert keeping Austria proper and Leopold ruling over Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, the, Gorizia, Friuli, Tyrol, and Vorderösterreich.
		The Austrian Habsburgs, as well as their wives and close relatives, were traditionally buried in the Capuchin Crypt in Vienna.
	www.northmiami.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Habsburg (2539 words)

	Encyclopedia: History of Austria
		Contesting the election of Rudolf I of Habsburg as Emperor, Otakar was defeated and killed by the German King, who took Austria and gave it to his sons in 1278.
		Rudolf IV der Stifter (the Founder) (born November 1, 1339 in Vienna, died July 27, 1365 in Milan) was a member of the House of Habsburg and Duke and self-proclaimed Archduke of Austria from 1358 to 1365.
		The Habsburgs' hereditary territories, however, were soon separated from this enormous empire when, in 1520, Emperor Charles V left them to the rule of his brother, Ferdinand.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/History-of-Austria (11363 words)

	thePeerage.com - Person Page 11388
		Friedrich V Markgraf von Brandenburg was the son of Johann II Burggraf von Nürnberg and Elisabeth Gräfin von Henneberg.
		Friedrich IV Herzog von Österreich was the son of Leopold III Herzog von Österreich and Viridis Visconti.
		Friedrich Herzog von Braunschweig is the son of Magnus II Herzog von Braunschweig and Catherine von Anhalt-Bernburg.
	www.thepeerage.com /p11388.htm (1211 words)

	The Kaiser of Austria and the King of Hungary Karl Franz Josef von Habsburg-Lothringen
		The Habsburgs were clearly no threat to Prague, as they could not even find respect in the land whose crown they had the most claim, much less a fiercely nationalist successor state like Czechoslovakia.
		Habsburg said the woman's healing was unable to be explained by three medical experts.
		As of 3 October 2004, Karl the Venerable shall henceforth be known as the Blessed, as the Church announced the Beatification of Karl von Habsburg.
	www.geocities.com /veldes1/karl.html (7637 words)

	FREDERICK IV OF AUSTRIA FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Friedrich IV of Austria (1382 - June_24, 1439) was a Habsburg duke of Tirol, son of Leopold III of Austria.
		Friedrich's regency over Tirol and the scattered Habsburg territories in southwestern Germany and in the Alsace referred to collectively as ''VorderÃ¶sterreich'' began in 1402.
		Friedrich was married to Anna_of_Braunschweig; they had one son, Sigismund.
	www.witwib.com /Frederick_IV_of_Austria (183 words)

	What is Habsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		After the death of Rudolph IV, his brothers Albert III and Leopold III ruled the Habsburg possessions together from 1365 until 1379, when they split the territories in the treaty of Neuberg, Albert keeping Austria proper and Leopold ruling over Styria, Carinthia, Tyrol, and Vorderösterreich.
		Under Maximilian, the possessions of the Habsburgs would be united again under one ruler, after he had re-conquered Lower Austria from Matthias Corvinus, who resided in Vienna and styled himself duke of Austria from 1485 - 1495.
		Emperors of Austria of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine
	www.whatis.tv /Hapsburg.html (1842 words)

	RULERS OF AUSTRIA (ÖSTERREICH)
		Son of Hermann IV of Bade; married Gertrud of Austria widow of Ladislaus
		Habsburg Dukes of Austria, Archdukes of Austria from 1453
		Son of Albrecht IV of Habsburg; abdicated, died 1291
	www-personal.umich.edu /~imladjov/AustrianRulers.htm (1001 words)

	Dynastic Relations of the Sovereign Houses of Habsburg and Jagiellon
		In 1547 she died at the age of 44, having not awaited the moment of Carl V abdication and her husband’s accession to the Holy Roman Imperial Throne.
		This marriage was intended to establish the Habsburgs and the Holy Roman Empire as allies against the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
		The climax of Habsburg relations with Poland and Lithuania came in late 18th century, when during the reign of Emperor Joseph II and later his nephew, Emperor Franz II Southern territories of the Polish-Lithuanian state passed to the Holy Roman Empire (Northern – to Prussia and Eastern – to the Russian Empire).
	users.panola.com /AAGHS/ARTICLES/HABSBURG.html (1989 words)

	Friedrich V. (1596-1632) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Friedrich V. was born at Amberg in Bavaria on 26 August 1596, the son of the elector Friedrich IV.
		Reluctant at first to accept the appointment, Friedrich finally acquiesced and was crowned king of Bohemia at Prague on 4 November 1619.
		Friedrich was placed under imperial ban, and in 1623 his Upper Palatinate (adjacent to Bavaria) and his electoral dignity were given to Maximilian I. of Bavaria as a reward for fighting on the Habsburg-Catholic side in the Thirty Years' War.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/Friedrich-V/Friedrich-V.html (371 words)

	FREDERICK WILLIAM IV. - LoveToKnow Article on FREDERICK WILLIAM IV.
		By Ancillon he was grounded in religion, ii history and political science, his natural taste for the antiqw and the picturesque making it easy for his tutor to impress upot hm his own hatred of the Revolution and its principles.
		In action his reckless bravery had earned him rebuke, and in Paris he was remarked for the exact performance of his military duties, though he found time to whet Ins appetite for art in the matchless collections gathered by Napoleon as the spoil of all Europe.
		On his return to Berlin he studied art under the sculptor Christian Daniel Rauch and the painter and architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781-1841), proving himself in the end a good draughtsman, a born architect and an excellent landscape gardener.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FR/FREDERICK_WILLIAM_IV_.htm (1132 words)

	Habsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Habsburg (also spelled Hapsburg) was one of the ruling houses of Europe: rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282-1453, archdukes 1453-1804, and emperors 1804-1918), kings of Bohemia 1526-1618 and 1621-1918, kings of Spain (1516-1700), and Holy Roman Emperors for several centuries to 1806.
		Within only two or three generations, the Habsburgs had managed to secure an initially intermittent grasp on the imperial throne that would last for centuries (1273-1291, 1298-1308, 1438-1740, and 1745-1806).
		* Frederick IV (Friedrich), brother of Ernst, 1402 - 1439 duke of Tyrol and Vorderösterreich
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/ha/Habsburg.htm (1814 words)

	Vienna: In Depth : History : The Habsburg Period: Liberation by Fire \| Frommers.com
		Under Rudolph of Habsburg, a powerful European dynasty was launched, one of the longest lived in history.
		Friedrich's power was not always steady -- he lost control of both Bohemia and Hungary, each of which elected a national king.
		Maximilian I (1459-1519) Friedrich's son, took advantage of the situation in Hungary to intervene and regain control of much of the territory his father had lost.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/vienna/0068033938.html (492 words)

	The Austrian Order of the Golden Fleece (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Habsburgs would probably have abandoned their claim to Sovereignty of the Order of the Golden Fleece after the Treaty of Utrecht if they had not found themselves in possession of the Treasure of the Order, which had been retained in Brussels.
		The advent of the First World War marked the collapse of the Habsburg Empire; Franz Josef died in 1916 and was succeeded by his great-nephew, the Archduke Charles, as Emperor Charles I, IV as King of Hungary.
		The Habsburg Order, therefore, may be regarded as permanently united with the Headship of the Dynasty, just as the Spanish was united with the Crown (when held by Burgundian dynasts).
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/habsburg/austria/ausgdfl.htm (1460 words)

	A Short History of Lucerne, Switzerland
		The interest of the counts of Habsburg in Lucerne and in what is nowadays central Switzerland is strategic: they want to control the St. Gotthard pass.
		of Habsburg supports the anti-pope on the church council held at Constance and is consequently outl by the german king Sigismund.
		The dukes of Habsburg, stripped of their hereditary fief, concentrate on their territories in Austria.
	history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch /history-lucerne.html (1236 words)

	History of Switzerland: Old Swiss Confederacy 1291 - 1515
		As a reward for help in several war expeditions to Italy, German king Friedrich II exempted the valleys of Uri (1231) and Schwyz (1240) from the jurisdiction of any counts and dukes so they would be subject to the king alone.
		When his successor king Rudolf of Habsburg, the first German Emperor from this house, died in 1291, people from Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden feared that the counts of Habsburg would try to regain influence in their territories.
		Berne and the French king pushed the confederacy to a war against the duke Charles of Burgundy who was allied to the dukes of Habsburg and to the comtesse of Savoye.
	history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch /old-swiss-confederacy-1291.html (1663 words)

	Hapsburgs
		The new Austrian republic consequently banished the Habsburgs in 1919.
		As a Habsburg, Ferdinand became Holy Roman Emperor in 1619 and, allied with Bavaria and the Catholic League, defeated the Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620.
		Born in Vienna, the son and successor of Emperor Maximilian II, Rudolf II of Habsburg served as Holy Roman Emperor (1576-1612), King of Hungary (1572-1608), and King of Bohemia (1575-1611).
	www.geocities.com /historyofaustria/habsburgs.html (6790 words)

	RULERS OF GERMANY (DEUTSCHLAND)
		With the death of Konrad IV in 1254, the hereditary principle was discarded in favor of election.
		Son of Friedrich I of Swabia by Agnes daughter of Heinrich IV; formerly anti-king 1027–1035
		Son of Albrecht IV son of Albrecht III son of Albrecht II of Austria son of Albrecht I
	www-personal.umich.edu /~imladjov/GermanRulers.htm (2547 words)

	Frederick IV of Austria biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Friedrich IV of Austria (1382 - June 24, 1439) was a Habsburg duke of Tirol, son of Leopold III of Austria.
		Thanks to the support of the local poulation he managed to keep Tirol, but he lost the Aargau, the old homeland of the Habsburgs, to the Swiss.
		Friedrich was married to Anna of Braunschweig ; they had one son, Sigismund.
	www.biography.ms /Friedrich_IV_of_Austria.html (181 words)

	Articles - Rudolph I of Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He was the son of Albert IV, count of Habsburg, and Hedwig, daughter of Ulrich count of Kyburg, and was born at Limburg an der Lahn.
		In November 1274 it was decided by the diet at Nuremberg that all crown estates seized since the death of the emperor Frederick II must be restored, and that Otakar of Bohemia must answer to the diet for not recognizing the new king.
		On the 26th of August 1278 the rival armies met on the banks of the river March in the Battle of DÃ¼rnkrut and Jedenspeigen, and Otakar was defeated and killed.
	www.beadscenter.com /articles/Rudolph_I_of_Germany (1001 words)

	Pretenders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		I've been asked a number of times some variant on the question: "Who would be the real heir to the Anglo-Saxons?" I've researched this carefully, and the probable answer is fairly startling.
		Victor Emmanuel IV recently (2002) signed an agreement recognizing the Republic as the valid government of the state, in order to be allowed to return to Italy.
		Maximilian and his wife were childless, and thus in 1865 they officially adopted as their heirs the scions of the House of Iturbide, thereby unifying both monarchic traditions under a single successor.
	www.hostkingdom.net /pretends.html (5938 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Paderborn
		Heinrich I, Count of Assel, elected bishop under the protection of the opposing King Hermann, in 1090 was exiled by the Emperor Henry IV, and fled to Magdeburg, where in 1102 he was elected archbishop.
		Simon I, Lord of Lippe (1247-77), was engaged in struggles with Cologne; Otto von Rietberg had also to contend with Cologne; in 1281, when only bishop-elect, he received the regalia from Rudolph of Habsburg, and full judicial power (except penal judicature); henceforward the bishops were actual sovereigns, though not over the whole of their diocese.
		Heinrich IV, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (1577-85), was a Lutheran; he permitted the adoption of the Augsberg Confession by his subjects.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11383c.htm (1491 words)

	Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
		The Habsburgs tried early on to introduce primogeniture and maintain the unity of their lands, but were not successful until the testament of emperor Ferdinand II in 1621 (amended in 1635).
		Albrecht I's surviving sons Friedrich I the Fair (king of the Romans in 1314, 1289-1330), Leopold I (1290-1326) Albrecht II the Wise (1298-1358) and Otto (1301-1339) jointly received the inheritance, although Otto pushed strongly for a partition.
		As German Emperor, Friedrich III approved the fake document produced by Rudolf IV, and thereby conferred on the archdukes of Austria a collection of privileges known as the privilegium majus (as opposed to the privilegium minus of 1156).
	www.heraldica.org /topics/royalty/ps1713.htm (10740 words)

	Sophie Friederike Dorothea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sophie Friederike Dorothea von Habsburg, Archduchess, (1805-1872) Archduchess of Austria, mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I, born January 27, 1805 in Munich; died in Vienna May 28, 1872.
		As Habsburg males and courtiers dithered and the "responsible" ministry reacted to popular demonstrations, Sophie in 1848 emerged as the strongest personality in the imperial family, as "the only man at court".
		Something of a "gray eminence" at court, Sophie suffered the Habsburg losses to Italy in 1859 and to Prussia in 1866 and profoundly mourned the 1867 death in Mexico of her second son Maximilian.
	www.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/rz/sophfrd.htm (813 words)

	Friedrich IV dell'Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Il regency Tirol eccessivo ed i territori sparsi del Friedrich di Habsburg in Germania del sud-ovest e nell'Alsazia citata collettivamente come Vorderösterreich ha cominciato in 1402.
		Friedrich inoltre ha spostato la corte da Merano verso Innsbruck.
		Friedrich è stato sposato a Anna di Brunswick; hanno avuti un figlio, Sigismund.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/it/fr/Friedrich%20IV%20dellAustria.htm (240 words)

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