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Topic: Front Populaire

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Popular front

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	FRONT POPULAIRE
		The Front Populaire then, was a broad coalition of the Left and centre-Left and of the major trade unions.
		A number of factors facilitated the creation of le Front Populaire: the economic crisis, the internal threat from far Right (exacerbated by the anti-parliamentary violence of 6th February 1934) and the international fascist menace and threat of war.
		Although the Front populaire sought to combat the rise of the Far Right in France, it is one of the paradoxes of the coalition that it actually increased during the 4 years of the Front's existence as a government.
	www.sunderland.ac.uk /~os0tmc/fre320/front.htm (3760 words)

	Marcel Dassault - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He invented a type of aircraft propeller used by the French army during World War I and founded the Societé des Avions Marcel Bloch aircraft company.
		Following the nationalization of his company in 1936, under the Front Populaire, he stayed as a director.
		As a Jew, he was deported to Buchenwald during World War II, refusing collaboration with the German aviation industry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Marcel_Dassault (184 words)

	Popular Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Leon Trotsky and his supporters criticised this strategy, claiming that only united fronts could ultimately be progressive, and that popular fronts were useless because they included non-working class bourgeois forces such as liberals.
		Trotsky also argued that in popular fronts, working class demands are reduced to their bare minimum, and the ability of the working class to put forward its own independent set of politics is compromised.
		It should be noted that not all coalitions who use the term "popular front" necessarily are popular fronts, and not all popular fronts necessarily use the term "popular front" in their name.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Popular_Front (439 words)

	Forum thread titles for "" - WordReference.com
		He has a scratch on the front part of his nose.
		The front of the house didn't face the road.
		The mailbox is almost always at the front of the property.
	www.wordreference.com /enfr/Front (336 words)

	The World at War - Reynaud
		These efforts contributed to the formation of the electoral alliance of the left known as the Popular Front (Front Populaire) which, in the elections of April and May 1936, won a large majority in the Chamber.
		The Popular Front's most intractable problem was national defense against the growing power of the Rome-Berlin axis, and its misguided policy of "nonintervention" in the Spanish Civil War was denounced as appeasement which it surely was.
		Modified Popular Front governments were formed by Camille Chautemps, in which Blum served as vice-premier, and by Blum again in March 1938.
	worldatwar.net /biography/b/blum (691 words)

	Popular Front
		The seventh and last congress of the Comintern meeting in 1935, proclaimed the new policy, which went beyond the concept of a "united front" of Communists and Socialists to advocate the formation of popular fronts comprising not only leftists but also liberals, moderates, and even conservatives opposed to Fascism.
		The goal of revolution was deferred until the immediate battle at hand was won, and Communists were urged not to frighten away the non-Communists in the coalition with revolutionary rhetoric.
		Ironically, the effect of the popular fronts in the West was the opposite of Stalin's intention.
	www.geocities.com /resistancehistory/popular.html (588 words)

	Rwandan Patriotic Front Soldiers - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Rwandan Patriotic Front Soldiers - Picture - MSN Encarta
		This photograph shows soldiers from the Rwandan Patriotic Front ("Front Populaire de Rwanda" or FPR) in front of the Parliament Building in Kigali, Rwanda.
		Dominated by members of the Tutsi ethnic group, the FPR captured Kigali in 1994 during a civil war with the Rwandan Army, which was dominated by the Hutu ethnic group.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /media_461543694/Rwandan_Patriotic_Front_Soldiers.html (91 words)

	MSN Encarta - Leon Blum
		In the 1930s Blum helped to organize the Front Populaire (Popular Front), a coalition of French leftist and centrist parties, which secured a majority in the chamber in 1936.
		Later that year, his Socialist faction broke with the Popular Front government of Édouard Daladier over the Munich Pact signed with Germany, Italy, and Britain.
		After France capitulated to Germany in World War II in 1940, Blum was arrested by the German-dominated French government at Vichy.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557576/Leon_Blum.html (451 words)

	Colère ouvrière à la veille du Front populaire, par Benoît Kermoal (Le Monde diplomatique)
		En France, l’embellie du Front populaire, inaugurée par la victoire électorale de la gauche en mai 1936, ne se traduira par de grandes conquêtes sociales (congés payés, semaine de quarante heures) que grâce au gigantesque mouvement de grève de juin.
		Les organisations du Front populaire perçoivent le danger qu’il y aurait à soutenir ces manifestations de rue, alors que la conquête légale du pouvoir se profile avec les élections prévues quelques mois plus tard.
		Le pari des organisations du Front populaire fut de privilégier l’action par les urnes, et donc d’attendre les élections de 1936, plutôt que de soutenir un mouvement dont l’issue leur semblait imprévisible.
	www.monde-diplomatique.fr /2006/06/KERMOAL/13540 (2156 words)

	The Popular Front: A Brief but Crucial Period in History - L'Humanité in English
		The Popular Front - "for bread, peace and freedom" - that was a political initiative of the Communist Party after 1934 which became a popular concept and a powerful force.
		HUMA: The Popular Front was also the combination of an electoral victory, the Left coming to power, and the struggle of the working class.
		The Popular Front was to perish as a result of the march to war, the bosses’ counter-offensive and the French Socialist Party’s policy of not supporting the Republican struggle in Spain.
	www.humaniteinenglish.com /article180.html (954 words)

	Journal of Canadian Studies: "Communists love Canada!": The Communist Party of Canada, the "people" ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This paper nevertheless argues that the Popular Front re-making of the CPC was primarily driven by Soviet rather than Canadian needs, compromised the party's socialist objectives and failed to alter fundamentally the party's Stalinist character.
		More than a year after a special enlarged plenum of the CPC central committee endorsed the "Canadian People's Front" in November 1935, "many comrades" still believed that the defence of bourgeois democracy was "a sort of 'going over to the right."' An educational letter issued in January 1937 attempted to clear up this misconception.
		Yes, Party leaders acknowledged, bourgeois-democracy had paved the way for Fascism and had not "become all right overnight." Yet, while reassuring members that they would "never be satisfied until we have Soviet-democracy, the dictatorship of the proletariat," they insisted that the rise of Fascism had changed the political situation and necessitated a change in tactics.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3683/is_200201/ai_n9069653 (800 words)

	Anarchism and Antifascism in France, 1933-39 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		As for the united front policy, the Paris congress reaffirmed its fundamental distrust of politicians and declared itself ‘opposed in principle to contact with political parties’, but added that at the local level and for ‘clearly defined aims’, anarchists could participate in unitary committees.
		Popular Front governments in France or Spain would not be able to achieve what the working class wanted without going beyond the legal framework of a bourgeois parliament, and they would not be able to do that without destroying themselves as coalition governments.
		The revolutionary front as opposition to the reformist Front populaire and as ‘revolutionary front of solidarity with Spain’ were, then, linked in that they were based, initially at least, on the same analysis.
	melior.univ-montp3.fr /ra_forum/en/people/berry_david/fascism_or_revolution.html (7689 words)

	RRIII, Pt. 5: The Seventh Comintern Congress and The United Front Against Fascism
		Dimitroff said: "The attitude toward the united front marks the dividing line between the reactionary section of Social Democracy and the sections that are becoming revolutionary." The touchstone of a revolutionary, then, is no longer the attitude toward the dictatorship of the proletariat, but the willingness to unite with Communists around a bourgeois democratic program.
		The United Front 7th Congress line is reflected in Mao's alliance with the national bourgeoisie and conception of the new democratic state as a joint dictatorship of the working class, peasants, intelligentsia and national bourgeoisie, led by the working class.
		We, also reject a united front with the misleaders of the fl workers, whether they are open ruling class apologists like Wilkins, King, Young, or "militant" nationalists like the BPP leaders, but we do strive to unite the fl masses in struggles against the ruling class.
	www.plp.org /rr3/7thcomcongress.html (7448 words)

	[No title]
		The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) was established on December 11, 1967, six months after the end of the Six Day War.
		PFLP's founder and General Secretary was George Habash, a socialist who was formerly a member of the group "Oppose to Political Settlement with Israel." Habash viewed the destruction of Israel (which he termed the "liberation of Palestine") as an integral part of the world Communist revolution.
		The Popular Front therefore adopts Marxism-Leninism as the basic strategic line for building a revolutionary party predicated on a solid, theoretical structure.
	www.discoverthenetworks.org /groupProfile.asp?grpid=6390 (930 words)

	Rwanda - Political movements and parties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the picture, people could be seen with small handheld flags, which were vertically divided red - white - blue with the letters FPR, one letter on each field.
		That was the front side of the flags.
		The back side had the colours in reversed order, so that blue was at the hoist, and the letters were also not mirror imaged.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/rw}.html (334 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War II early aggressions -- The Popular Front (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The new approach was to form a “popular front” with all progressive forces.
		Blum and the Popular Front Government failed in addressing the challenge of Hitler and the NAZIs or in preparing France for war.
		The Political Front is often seen as an essentially political development, but a more accuratecview is a a political, social, and cultural phenomenon which sought to break down social barriers in still highly stratified French society.
	histclo.hispeed.com /essay/war/ww2/camp/eur/ea/ww2-eapf.html (1412 words)

	ipedia.com: Popular Front Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		After Stalin changed the Komintern policy to collaboration of Communists with other leftist parties, Popular Front governments formed in France (Front Populaire), the Second Spanish Republic and Chile in the 1930s.
		The government of the former state of East Germany presented itself as a de facto Popular Front: a "National Front" of all anti-fascist parties and movements within parliament (Socialist Unity Party of Germany, Liberal Party, peasants' party, youth movement, trade unions, etc).
		The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine preserves a self-image of multiple groupings united in a common cause of self-determination.
	www.ipedia.com /popular_front.html (227 words)

	Reflections from the Heart: Photographs by David Seymour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In France, leftist political parties formed the Front Populaire in response to the rise of Nazism in Germany and to campaign against right wing parties for control of the French Chamber of Deputies in the 1936 elections.
		In 1934, Seymour began photographing for Regards, a magazine sympathetic to the Front Populaire.
		By Spring 1936 he was splitting his time between covering the French elections and documenting the civil war in Spain, where General Francisco Franco was leading important elements of the military and its allies in an attempt to overthrow the duly elected leftist coalition government.
	www.corcoran.org /exhibitions/chim_about_spanish.asp (250 words)

	Mauritania: Cease Harassment of Opposition (Human Rights Watch, June 22, 2001)
		A presidential candidate in the 1997 elections, Chbih is chairman of the opposition Popular Front (Front Populaire, FP).
		Following his transfer, the lawyers representing Malainine temporarily withdrew in protest, citing interference in their right to communicate with their client, though ultimately a team of sixteen lawyers led by the president of the bar council formed the defense team at the trial.
		The Popular Front charged in a statement on May 10, 2001 that Cheikh Malainine had been subjected to "intense interrogation" when he was first arrested.
	www.hrw.org /english/docs/2001/06/22/maurit101_txt.htm (746 words)

	mm1837.htm
		In any event, this is probably yet another of those doctorat du troisi=E8me cycle theses, clapped unedited between paper covers, so physically heavy that it gets painful to hold after a while, and which tries to rip itself to bits under normal handling.
		At one level this seems to be a book arguing that the French popular front's forays into culture, popular leisure and science were -for all their brevity- a turning point.
		Where subsequent enemies (like the Vichy r=E9gime) tried to defeat the popular front by out-bidding it, the reforms lasted and tended either to be marked with the Leftness of their birth [Eg.
	www.uakron.edu /hfrance/archives/mm1837.htm (1170 words)

	The Decline of the Third Republic, 1914–1938 - Cambridge University Press
		Deep social and economic divisions began to separate different classes and ways of life, which were widened by the year of the slump.
		The triumph of Léon Blum and the Front Populaire in 1936, against a background of intellectual brilliance but profound economic and social problems, was short-lived because of its economic ineffectiveness and eventually gave way to Daladier’s conservatively based ministry.
		The death agony of the Front Populaire; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521358545 (370 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 87017204 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This is the first full-length study in English of the Popular Front, the left-wing coalition which emerged in France during the 1930s in response to the threat of fascism and which went on to win the elections of 1936, giving France her first socialist premier, Le;on Blum.
		After a brief narrative history of the Popular Front the book is organised thematically around the main historiographical debates to which the Popular Front has given rise.
		Among the issues considered are the origins of the strikes of 1936, the reasons for the failure of the Popular Front economic policy, the relationship between culture and politics in France in the 1930s and the causes of France's policy of non-intervention in the Spanish Civil War.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam032/87017204.html (225 words)

	The French Socialists in Power (The Nation, June 3, 1936)
		The French people if voted for the Front Populaire they would step off a precipice into the abyss.
		The Front Populaire meant all the calamities in the calendar.
		It meant the collapse of the franc, the Communists' slogan "No devaluation" was shameless demagogy, and the collectivization of the vineyards, the nationalization of women and the destruction of the family, the raping of nuns and the burning of churches, death and disorder, with a German invasion and a fascist dictatorship to redress the balance.
	www.thenation.com /archive/detail/13493654 (148 words)

	Magnum Photos: Hauts de Seine department. Town of Montrouge, near Paris. 12 juin 1936. Working-class demonstration at ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Supporters of the Front Populaire, a coalition between sociali (PAR75069)@ HighBeam Research
		Supporters of the Front Populaire, a coalition between sociali (PAR75069)
		Supporters of the Front Populaire, a coalition between socialists, communists and other antifascist parties which governed France between 1936 and 1938.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:88550800&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (198 words)

	FRAPRU demonstrates on eve of leaders' debate
		Hundreds of poor people in need of housing, members of the Front d'action populaire en réaménagement urbain (FRAPRU), symbolically moved their furniture this morning into the street in front of the Prime Minister's official residence at 24 Sussex Dr. in Ottawa.
		On the eve of the leaders' debate, FRAPRU intended to drive home the message that the Chrétien government has not funded a single new social housing unit since it came to power in the fall of 1993, thus leading to a serious deterioration in the housing crisis.
		Beric German, a representative of the Toronto Disaster Relief Committee, which works with homeless persons in the Ontario capital, took the floor during the demonstration to make it clear to Prime Minister Chrétien that groups all across Canada are demanding a substantial reinvestment in social housing.
	www.frapru.qc.ca /Comm/Comm062.html (719 words)

	ALBA - Lectures - Bill Susman Lecture Series - "Premature Anti-Fascist" by Bernard Knox
		The threat of a Fascist coup united the French Communist and Socialist parties together with the liberals in a Front Populaire, which won an overwhelming victory in the elections of 1936.
		The enemy, stalemated in the western sector, had launched an offensive to outflank the Republican army, cut off the main road to the NW and perhaps attack the city from the North.
		With it came the boom of artillery and the ripping sound of machine gunfire in the near distance and soon we saw the milicianos in front of us in full retreat; as they came towards Boadilla and the main road our orders were to cover their retreat and hold our position until further orders.
	www.alba-valb.org /lectures/1998_knox_bernard.html (6642 words)

	The "Front Populaire" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The "Front Populaire" was an electoral alliance of the left (the moderate left or Radicaux, the socialists, and the communists) designed to form a united republican front against the nationalist far-right.
		The Popular Front won the 1936 legislative elections and formed a government led by Léon Blum.
		In the second row, behind Blum and Thorez, (rolling a cigarette) is Edouard Dalladier (Parti Radical, defense minister).)
	www.dickinson.edu /~laurent/french365d/images/left_05.html (88 words)

	People's Liberation Front(JVP) - Sri Lanka
		In 1994 the government had to lift the emergency as a result of the agitations of the people.
		The JVP entered the mainstream politics, contested the 1994 General Elections under the party name of National Salvation Front (in coalition with Progressive Front) and won a parliamentary seat in Hambantota district.
		At the Presidential Elections 1994 the JVP nominated comrade Nihal Galappththi as the National Salvation Front’s Presidential candidate.
	www.jvpsrilanka.com (471 words)

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