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Topic: Frostbite

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	Frostbite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Frostbite (congelatio in medical terminology) is the medical condition where damage is caused to skin and other tissues due to extreme cold.
		Generally, frostbite is accompanied with discoloration of the skin, along with burning and/or tingling sensations, partial or complete numbness, and possibly intense pain.
		Skin destroyed by frostbite is completely fl and looks loose and flayed, as if burnt.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frostbite (257 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Frostbite
		Frostbite is distinguishable by the hard, pale, and cold quality of the skin that has been exposed to the cold for a length of time.
		Frostbite occurs when the skin and body tissues are exposed to cold temperature for a prolonged period of time.
		Frostbite has occurred recently and new symptoms develop, such as fever, malaise, discoloration, or drainage from the affected body part.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000057.htm (989 words)

	MedTech1.com - Frostbite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is a condition in which body tissue actually freezes, due to exposure of the affected area to cold temperatures.
		Frostbite mostly affects the extremities such as hands, feet, fingers and toes, and parts of the face- most notably the nose, ears, and cheeks.
		Frostbite can range from mild to severe, depending on the length of time you are exposed to the elements, and the precautions you have taken to protect yourself.
	www.medtech1.com /research_center/cond20.cfm/121 (693 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine: Frostbite and frostnip (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is localized tissue injury that occurs because of exposure to freezing or near freezing temperatures.
		Frostbite is classified by degree of injury (first, second, third, or fourth), or simply divided into two types, superficial (corresponding to first- or second-degree injury) and deep (corresponding to third- or fourth-degree injury).
		Frostbite diagnosis relies on a physical examination and may also include conventional radiography (x rays), angiography (x-ray examination of the blood vessels using an injected dye to provide contrast), thermography (use of a heat-sensitive device for measuring blood flow), and other techniques for predicting the course of injury and identifying tissue that requires surgical removal.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2603/is_0003/ai_2603000374 (1087 words)

	Lancaster General Hospital - Frostbite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is an injury to the body caused by freezing.
		The risk of frostbite is increased in persons with reduced blood circulation, those with constriction of blood flow because of gloves or boots that are too tight, and in persons not dressed for extremely cold temperatures.
		Frostbite and hypothermia both result when skin is exposed to cold surroundings and body temperature falls.
	www.lancastergeneral.org /content/greystone_20973.asp (319 words)

	Frostbite
		In deep frostbite, the tissue is hard, white and obviously frozen like a piece of chicken from a freezer, and medical advice must be sought as soon as possible.
		Frostbite on a climb is a major emergency, yet with competent nursing care most cases can be looked after in the field, e.g.
		Frostbite can frequently be avoided, but when it does occur, it increases the risks both to the sufferer and their colleagues.
	www.thebmc.co.uk /world/mm/mm10.htm (876 words)

	Frostbite -- Pediatric Advisor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is a skin injury where the nerves, blood vessels, and other cells are temporarily frozen by exposure to cold.
		Frostbite most commonly occurs on the toes, fingers, tip of the nose, earlobes, or cheeks.
		The frostbite is much worse if the skin or clothing is also wet at the time of cold exposure.
	www.medformation.com /ac/crspa.nsf/file/crs-pa-hhg_frostbite (448 words)

	YOJOE.COM \| Frostbite
		Frostbite was released as part of the eighteenth series (2002), carded in a two-pack with Neo-Viper.
		Frostbite came with a fl assault rifle, a fl assault rifle with a removable fl stock, two fl ski poles, two white skis, and a white backpack (that could hold both the poles and skis).
		The filecard for Frostbite was also changed by removing the text "The name Farley S. Seward does not apply to any known, living person," and adding the text "Characters and events referenced herein are fictional and are not intended to depict actual characters and events."
	yojoe.com /action/02/frostbite4.shtml (221 words)

	Frostbite: Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the past frostbite was primarily a concern of the military.
		Knowledge of new research findings permits physicians to use rapid triage and proper therapy for frostbite injury, which are key in improving the prognosis and future functional level of their cold-injured patients.
		The treatment of frostbite is directed at reversing the pathologic effects of ice crystal formation, vasoconstriction, and the release of inflammatory mediators.
	www.familypractice.com /journal/1998/v11.n01/1101.05/art-1101.05.htm (3344 words)

	Frostbite and Frostnip
		In spite of generally colder temperatures, severe frostbite is not as common in the polar areas as it is in mountaineering.
		Frostnip and mild frostbite instead is far more common in the polar areas than in the Himalayas due to prolonged exposure to cold in combination with high winds.
		If bad frostbite does enter however (severe fl areas), you should consider to terminate the expedition and check yourself for signs of blood-poisoning (swollen glands, dark blue stripe marks running out from the area towards the heart and/or high fever) while waiting for the flight out.
	www.thepoles.com /expguide/frostbite.htm (678 words)

	Frostbite -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite - or Congelatio in medical terminology - is the (Click link for more info and facts about medical condition) medical condition where damage is caused to (A natural protective covering of the body; site of the sense of touch) skin and other (A soft thin (usually translucent) paper) tissues due to extreme cold.
		It is related to, but not identical to (Subnormal body temperature) hypothermia.
		Risk factors include using (Click link for more info and facts about beta-blocker) beta-blockers, and having conditions such as (Any of several metabolic disorders marked by excessive urination and persistent thirst) diabetes and (Click link for more info and facts about peripheral neuropathy) peripheral neuropathy.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fr/frostbite.htm (255 words)

	frostbite -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		a freezing of living tissue; frostbite occurs whenever heat loss from a tissue is sufficient to permit ice formation.
		Frostbite may occur after exposure to subfreezing temperature momentarily or to less severe temperature for a longer period.
		Without adequate food, clothing, or shelter, heat is lost successively from the interior of the body to the skin, to the layer of still, insulating air surrounding the skin, and finally to the ambient cold air.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9035506?tocId=9035506&query=frostbite (664 words)

	Frostbite
		Frostbite occurs when the tissues of the skin freeze.
		Cold winds increase the likelihood of frostbite because the movement of air removes body heat away from the skin more rapidly.
		If frostbite occurs far from help, it may be unwise to thaw out the affected areas, in case they refreeze again.
	www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au /bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/frostbite (663 words)

	Frostbite - health information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is the freezing of the skin and/or the bodily tissues under the skin.
		Frostbite is caused by exposure of the body to cold.
		Mild frostbite (frostnip) affects the outer skin layers and appears as a blanching or whitening of the skin.
	www.mckinley.uiuc.edu /Handouts/frostbit/frostbit.html (899 words)

	Frostbite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frostbite is damage to the skin from freezing and is due to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, usually below 32° F. It occurs when ice crystals form in the skin or deeper tissue.
		Children are more prone to frostbite than adults because they lose heat from their skin faster and do not want to come inside when having fun playing outdoors.
		Specific treatment for frostbite will be determined by your child's physician based on the extent and severity of the injury.
	www.chw.org /display/PPF/DocID/3157/router.asp (539 words)

	Frostbite
		Frostbite is not a simple issue of getting a little cold and numb from overexposure to the elements.
		Higher elevations increase the risk of frostbite due to tissue anoxia and decreased mental orientation from diminished oxygen flow to the brain.
		The severity of frostbite is associated with how deep the freeze is. This can involve the various layers of the skin as well as the fat, muscle, blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and even the bones.
	www.dermadoctor.com /pages/newsletter45.asp (764 words)

	US Family Health Plan at Johns Hopkins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Any skin affected by frostbite must not be warmed using a heat lamp, stove, fireplace or radiator in order to lessen further damage to the skin.
		Children are often victims of frostbite because they are not as aware of their exposure to cold.
		Avoiding frostbite during the cold winter months is a sure way to enjoy the most that cold weather activities have to offer.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /usfhp/patriot/feb_04/bitten.html (563 words)

	Frostbite
		Frostbite is a local injury due to the direct action of cold below 0°C for a non specific period of time.
		Several conditions promote the development of frostbite: the external temperature, the wind (higher convective loss), the humidity (conduction), an impairment of blood circulation (tight clothes and shoes, displaced fractures), the hydration state of the patient, hypoxia, high altitude hypoxia, and the quality of equipment.
		For deep frostbite, the aim of the traitment is to prevent amputation (8% of cases) but also neuro vascular and trophic sequels.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /dmtmcham/frostbite.htm (1042 words)

	Adult Health Advisor 2005.2: Frostbite
		Frostbite is an injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying body tissues.
		Frostbite occurs when part of your body is exposed to temperatures or wind chills below freezing, causing the temperature of the body part to drop below freezing.
		Full recovery from frostbite is likely if just the skin and uppermost tissue layers were affected.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/aha_frostbit_sma.htm (648 words)

	Combating Frostbite
		The areas most likely to be affected by frostbite are the hands and fingers, feet and toes, nose and ears.
		Frostbite is painful for everyone, but especially for young children.
		Frostbite is identified by the hard, pale and cold quality of the skin that has been exposed to the cold.
	www.wccip.org /PIS_frostbite.html (467 words)

	SKI Magazine ~ The Frostbite Face-Off
		Frostbite can be a serious threat to your health, but it usually happens in only the most extreme conditions, when skin has been exposed to cold temperatures for long periods of time.
		With superficial frostbite only the skin freezes, but deep frostbite means that underlying muscles, tendons and bone are freezing as well.
		With frostbite, the key is to rapidly rewarm the area to its original temperature.
	www.skimag.com /skimag/fitness/article/0,12795,327609,00.html (851 words)

	Medical Library Search
		Frostbite is a condition occurring when areas of skin and underlying tissue freeze in cold weather.
		First-degree frostbite, or frostnip, is a superficial injury in which the skin turns white and is temporarily numb.
		Frostbite should not be treated until it is certain that the area will not refreeze.
	www.medem.com /search/article_display.cfm?path=n:&mstr=/ZZZUI8Y03AC.html&soc=AMA&srch_typ=NAV_SERCH (331 words)

	YOJOE.COM \| Frostbite
		Frostbite (version 3) was released carded as part of the twelfth series (1993).
		Frostbite came with three white rifles, a white machete, a white mask, an orange missile launcher (spring loaded, actually fired), two white missiles, and a white figure stand.
		The entire mold of Frostbite was later used in 1997 to create Blizzard (v2).
	www.yojoe.com /action/93/frostbite3.shtml (143 words)

	Frostbite
		Frostbite is injury to the skin and other tissues that results from prolonged exposure to cold.
		Mild frostbite is treated by rewarming the affected area, washing it with an antiseptic, applying a sterile dressing, taking daily whirlpool baths, and resting in bed.
		In a well-designed, controlled animal study, rats with frostbite were given oral vitamin C together with either a warm water bath (as used in conventional care) or a warm bath containing Indian fl tea.
	www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsConditions/Frostbitecc.html (1655 words)

	Canine Hypothermia and Frostbite :: Montana Canine (K9) Search and Rescue (SAR) :: Absaroka Search Dogs
		The definition of frostbite is the same for all mammals: damage to tissue caused by subfreezing temperatures.
		The severity of the frostbite is based on the extent of blistering, swelling, and skin color of the affected tissue.
		Prevention of frostbite and hypothermia is possible by observing your dog frequently and providing the necessary support before trouble arrives.
	absarokasearchdogs.org /medical/canine_hypothermia_and_frostbite.php (1124 words)

	Military Medicine: Lumbar epidural sympathectomy for frostbite injuries of the feet
		Fourteen patients with pain and paresthesias secondary to frostbite injury were treated with lumbar sympathetic blockade.
		The symptoms of frostbite injury are similar to those associated with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or causalgia.
		The exact cause of the pain, paresthesia, numbness, and hyperesthesia associated with frostbite injury is unclear, but it is believed to represent a neuropathic disorder that induces vasospasm and neuralgia.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3912/is_199908/ai_n8870721 (1347 words)

	Frostbite
		Frostbite is, literally, frozen body tissue - usually skin but sometimes deeper - and must be handled carefully to prevent permanent tissue damage or loss.
		You can help prevent frostbite in cold weather by dressing your child in layers, making sure he comes indoors at regular intervals, and watching for frostnip, frostbite's early warning signal.
		Frostbite is characterized by white, waxy skin that feels numb and hard.
	www.kidshealth.org /parent/firstaid_safe/emergencies/frostbite.html (385 words)

	Frostbite treatment
		Frostbite occurs when skin tissue and blood vessels are damaged from exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
		This stage produces no permanent damage and may be reversed by soaking in warm water or breathing warm breath on the affected area.
		However, even with deep frostbite, some frozen limbs may be saved if medical attention is obtained as soon as possible.
	ohoh.essortment.com /frostbitetreatm_rjou.htm (566 words)

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