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Topic: Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

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Personal Liberty Law

Fugitive Slave Law of 1793

Underground Railroad

Dred Scott decision

Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Free State

History of slavery in the United States

Slavery

Compromise Measures of 1850

Compromise of 1850

Reconstruction Act

Emancipation Proclamation

Missouri Compromise

Origins of the American Civil War

Abolitionism

	Fugitive Slave Laws - MSN Encarta
		The fugitive slave laws were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another or into a public...
		The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding...
		Fugitive Slave Laws, acts passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850, intended to facilitate the recapture and extradition of runaway slaves and to commit the federal government to the legitimacy of holding property in slaves.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559710/Fugitive_Slave_Laws.html (850 words)

	fugitive slave laws â“ FREE fugitive slave laws Information \| Encyclopedia.com: Facts, Pictures, Information!
		As slavery was abolished in the Northern states, the 1793 law was loosely enforced, to the great irritation of the South, and as abolitionist sentiment developed, organized efforts to circumvent the law took form in the Underground Railroad.
		As a concession to the South a second and more rigorous fugitive slave law was passed as part of the Compromise of 1850.
		New personal-liberty laws contradicting the legislation of 1850 (and described, with some reason, by Southerners as equivalent to South Carolina's notorious ordinance of nullification) were passed in most of the Northern states.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-fugitive.html (1365 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
		After the adoption of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Law by the United States Congress, the city's African American community formed a “Liberty Association” with regular patrols to subvert the legislation by preventing the seizure of fls in the city by slaveholders and their agents.
		In October 1850 a slave catcher from Missouri arrived in the city and was informed by leading citizens that his safety was at risk if he stayed.
		On October 21, 1850, the Chicago City Council passed a resolution condemning the new law as “cruel and unjust” and directing the city's police “not to render any assistance for the arrest of fugitive slaves.” On October 23 Senator Stephen A. Douglas, in a major speech, condemned the city council resolution.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/1430.html (263 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 information - Search.com
		The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists.
		Some northern states passed personal-liberty laws mandating a jury trial before alleged slaves could be moved; others forbade the use of local jails or the assistance of state officials in the process of arrest or return.
		With the outbreak of the American Civil War, General Benjamin Butler justified refusing to return runaway slaves in accordance to this law because as the Union and the Confederacy were at war, the slaves could be confiscated and set free as contraband of war.
	www.search.com /reference/Fugitive_Slave_Law_of_1850 (774 words)

	Boston African American National Historic Site (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Under these personal liberty laws, fugitives could testify before judges and slave owners were prevented from seizing fugitives without a warrant for their arrest.
		And if the fugitive was returned to the owner, the judge received ten dollars from the federal government, but if the judge found in favor of the defendant, he received only five dollars.
		Of course, prior to 1850, Boston Blacks had proven their strength in the face of pro-slavery legislation, proving to the country and the world that they would not sit idly by and watch their fragile liberty be ripped apart at the seams.
	www.nps.gov /boaf/fugitiveslavelaw2.htm (377 words)

	Africans in America/Part 4/Eric Foner on the Fugitive Slave Act
		And that's why the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was enacted, which made the federal government responsible for tracking down and apprehending fugitive slaves in the North, and sending them back to the South.
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, you might say, was the most powerful exercise of federal authority within the United States in the whole era before the Civil War.
		Fugitive slaves had a tremendous impact on the development of the anti-slavery movement.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aia/part4/4i3094.html (722 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Law - American Civil War - CivilWar.com
		Under these personal liberty laws, fugitives could testify before judges and slave owners were prevented from seizing fugitives without a warrant for their arrest.
		And if the fugitive was returned to the owner, the judge received ten dollars from the federal government, but if the judge found in favor of the defendant, he received only five dollars.
		Of course, prior to 1850, Boston Blacks had proven their strength in the face of pro-slavery legislation, proving to the country and the world that they would not sit idly by and watch their fragile liberty be ripped apart at the seams.
	www.civilwar.com /content/view/2047/46 (1180 words)

	United States History - MSN Encarta
		The one element of the Compromise of 1850 that explicitly favored the South was the Fugitive Slave Law.
		A federal law of 1793 required that slaves who escaped to a free state be returned if the master could offer proof of ownership to a state court.
		The new law turned these cases over to federal commissioners, and it denied a captured slave the right to testify in his or her own behalf or to be tried before a jury.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_1741500823_17/united_states_(history).html (1240 words)

	Fugitive Slave Act of (1850)
		The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 mandated that states to which escaped slaves fled were obligated to return them to their masters upon their discovery and subjected persons who helped runaway slaves to criminal sanctions.
		The act also required that when a slave was captured, he or she was to be brought before a federal court or commissioner, but the slave would not be tried by a jury nor would his or her testimony be given much weight.
		The refusal of northern states to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act was alleged by South Carolina as one reason for its secession from the Union prior to the onset of the Civil War.
	law.jrank.org /pages/7045/Fugitive-Slave-Act-1850.html (403 words)

	Compromise of 1850
		It required citizens to assist in the recovery of fugitive slaves.
		For slaves attempting to build lives in the North, the new law was disaster.
		For Harriet Jacobs, a fugitive living in New York, passage of the law was "the beginning of a reign of terror to the colored population." She stayed put, even after learning that slave catchers were hired to track her down.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aia/part4/4p2951.html (716 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Law
		The fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was written to protect the "property" and interests of Southern Slave Holders.
		The document calls upon all law enforcement officials in the country to hunt down, and return to their "owners" and fugitive slaves who would try and escape their captivity.
		And upon the production of the said party of other and further evidence, if necessary, either oral or by affidavit, in addition to what is contained in the said record, of the identity of the person escaping, he or she shall be delivered up to the claimant.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /slavery/fugitive-slave-law.htm (264 words)

	Fugitive Slave Act - 1850
		The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the group of laws referred to as the "Compromise of 1850." In this compromise, the antislavery advocates gained the admission of California as a free state, and the prohibition of slave-trading in the District of Columbia.
		Passage of this law was so hated by abolitionists, however, that its existence played a role in the end of slavery a little more than a dozen years later.
		This law also spurred the continued operation of the fabled Undergound Railroad, a network of over 3,000 homes and other "stations" that helped escaping slaves travel from the southern slave-holding states to the northern states and Canada.
	www.nationalcenter.org /FugitiveSlaveAct.html (278 words)

	Boston African American National Historic Site (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On September 18, 1850 the United States Congress passed a series of legislation that would become known as the Compromise of 1850.
		The Compromise of 1850, like the Missouri Compromise thirty years earlier in 1820, was part of American efforts to resolve the conflict over the spread of slavery into the developing western territories.
		It meant that, if caught, fugitive slaves were no longer bought before judicial officers for determination of their fate.
	www.nps.gov /boaf/fugitiveslavelaw.htm (238 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists.
		One cause of conflict between the Southern slave states and the Northern free states was the lack of assistance given by northerners to southern slave-owners and their agents seeking to recapture escaped slaves.
		With the outbreak of the American Civil War, General Benjamin Butler justified refusing to return runaway slaves in accordance to this law because as the Union and the Confederacy were at war, the slaves could be confiscated and set free as contraband of war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Law_of_1850 (863 words)

	Peekskill Underground Railroad and Tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The height of the " Underground Railroad " activity was from 1850, with the passing of the " Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, to 1865, until the end of the Civil War.
		The " Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 " was a federal law which called upon individuals to capture fugitives slaves, to deputize laymen, ordinary citizens on the spot and force them to help catch fleeing slaves.
		Runaway slaves seeking freedom came to the Hudson River by boat and followed Mac Gregory Brook to the safety of the Safe House which concealed runaway slaves in a secret room which was accessed by a secret stairway.
	www.freedomtrail.org /regions/peekskillug.htm (1463 words)

	Compromise of 1850
		Compromise Measures of 1850 or the Compromise of 1850, was a series of five legislative enactments, passed by the U.S. Congress during August and September 1850.
		The third bill, a substantial concession to the South, was the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which provided for the return of runaway slaves* to their masters; the subsequent enforcement of this law was bitterly opposed by the abolitionists, who obtained broad popular support on this issue in the North.
		Fugitive Slave* Laws were acts passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850, which were intended to facilitate the recapture and extradition of runaway slaves and to commit the federal government to the legitimacy of holding property in slaves.
	americanrevwar.homestead.com /files/civwar/comp50.html (696 words)

	"Bury Me in a Free Land": The Abolitionist Movement in Indiana, 1816-1865
		This law, providing for the return of fugitive slaves from any state or territory in the Union, was weighted heavily in favor of the slaveholder.
		Under the terms of the 1850 law, slavehunters and holders simply had to swear to a justice of the peace that their captives were fugitive slaves.
		Calvin Fairbank was one victim of the Fugitive Slave Law.
	www.statelib.lib.in.us /www/ihb/ugrr/buryme7.html (2308 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850.
		With the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, the federal government had to assist the slave owners.
		Many abolitionists claimed that this portion of the Fugitive Slave Law was a means to bribe the commissioners.
	www.ohiohistorycentral.org /entry.php?rec=1483 (583 words)

	Slavery in California
		Most slave owners did little to inform their slaves of the new law and continued to treat them as their personal property.
		Slaves continued to be bought and sold and hired out to work for wages that were paid to the slave-holder.
		As soon as it lapsed, a judge in San Jose ruled in the Mitchell case that because the California Fugitive Slave Law no longer was in effect Mitchell, who had escaped bondage inside the state, was not to be returned to his owner.
	www.inn-california.com /Articles/history/slaverycalifornia.html (1639 words)

	Fugitive Slaves
		Charging the individual states with the responsibility of returning fugitive slaves, this law proved ineffective because it failed to address the fundamental interstate nature of this issue.
		New York was a destination for fugitive slaves escaping to the North in the years before the Civil War.
		Christiana residents were indicted for treason for violating the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 that made it illegal to harbor fugitive slaves and mandated that the federal courts assist slaveholders in apprehending runaways.
	www.archives.gov /midatlantic/education/slavery/fugitive-slaves.html (487 words)

	Gautham Rao \| The Federal Posse Comitatus Doctrine: Slavery, Compulsion, and Statecraft in Mid-Nineteenth-Century ...
		Parish, the fugitive Judge Leavitt spoke of was a fugitive slave; the statute he interpreted was the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793.
		Booth (1859), it was clear long before that the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and the federal posse comitatus was the law of the land.
		Senators Mason, Butler, and Clay had armed the 1850 law with the federal posse comitatus to assure "the loyalty of the people to whom it is directed."133 Their successors in the 39th Congress did so, in the words of Senator Luke Poland of Vermont, to "enforce the provision.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/lhr/26.1/rao.html (9792 words)

	Digital History
		Under the Fugitive Slave Law, an accused runaway was to stand trial in front of a special commissioner, not a judge or a jury, and that the commissioner was to be paid $10 if a fugitive was returned to slavery but only $5 if the fugitive was freed.
		Anyone who refused to aid in the capture of a fugitive, interfered with the arrest of a slave, or tried to free a slave already in custody was subject to a heavy fine and imprisonment.
		The Fugitive Slave Law produced widespread outrage in the North and convinced thousands of Northerners that slavery should be barred from the western territories.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /database/article_display.cfm?HHID=328 (408 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law - tribe.net
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugi...aw_of_1850 is an important piece providing context, especially for understanding Abolitionist and the escalation of violence culminating in the Civil War.
		The Fugitive Slave Law "was the most powerful exercise of federal authority within the United States in the whole era before the Civil War" he says.
		While the Fugitive Slave Law was not enforced by the military, rather the iron fist of statist power, the tactics used by the state in both by Federal Marshals and the Army in the Indian wars can both be called "terroristic." The institution of slavery required a police state to maintain it.
	people.tribe.net /johnpowers/blog/d972d81b-2b4b-4c6e-a79d-aeb56e341c40 (1303 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law
		The law stated that in future any federal marshal who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave could be fined $1,000.
		Those officers capturing a fugitive slave were entitled to a fee and this encouraged some officers to kidnap free Negroes and sell them to slave-owners.
		Under this law the oaths of any two villains (the capturer and the claimant) are sufficient to confine a free man to slavery for life.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USASfugitive.htm (894 words)

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