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	Fugitive Slave Laws - MSN Encarta
		The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding...
		The fugitive slave laws were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another or into a public...
		Fugitive Slave Laws, acts passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850, intended to facilitate the recapture and extradition of runaway slaves and to commit the federal government to the legitimacy of holding property in slaves.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559710/Fugitive_Slave_Laws.html (876 words)

	fugitive slave laws â“ FREE fugitive slave laws Information \| Encyclopedia.com: Facts, Pictures, Information!
		As slavery was abolished in the Northern states, the 1793 law was loosely enforced, to the great irritation of the South, and as abolitionist sentiment developed, organized efforts to circumvent the law took form in the Underground Railroad.
		As a concession to the South a second and more rigorous fugitive slave law was passed as part of the Compromise of 1850.
		New personal-liberty laws contradicting the legislation of 1850 (and described, with some reason, by Southerners as equivalent to South Carolina's notorious ordinance of nullification) were passed in most of the Northern states.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-fugitive.html (1337 words)

	African American Odyssey: Abolition, Anti-Slavery Movements, and the Rise of the Sectional Controversy (Part 2)
		Because it was often presumed that a fl person was a slave, the law threatened the safety of all fls, slave and free, and forced many Northerners to become more defiant in their support of fugitives.
		This is a portrait of fugitive slave Anthony Burns, whose arrest and trial in Boston under the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 incited riots and protests by white and fl abolitionists and citizens of Boston in the spring of 1854.
		Designed to portray and compare the areas of free and slave states, it also includes tables of statistics for each of the states from the 1850 census, the results of the 1852 presidential election, congressional representation by state, and the number of slaves held by owners.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart3b.html (1137 words)

	United States History - MSN Encarta
		The one element of the Compromise of 1850 that explicitly favored the South was the Fugitive Slave Law.
		A federal law of 1793 required that slaves who escaped to a free state be returned if the master could offer proof of ownership to a state court.
		The new law turned these cases over to federal commissioners, and it denied a captured slave the right to testify in his or her own behalf or to be tried before a jury.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_1741500823_17/united_states_(history).html (1252 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
		After the adoption of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Law by the United States Congress, the city's African American community formed a “Liberty Association” with regular patrols to subvert the legislation by preventing the seizure of fls in the city by slaveholders and their agents.
		In October 1850 a slave catcher from Missouri arrived in the city and was informed by leading citizens that his safety was at risk if he stayed.
		On October 21, 1850, the Chicago City Council passed a resolution condemning the new law as “cruel and unjust” and directing the city's police “not to render any assistance for the arrest of fugitive slaves.” On October 23 Senator Stephen A. Douglas, in a major speech, condemned the city council resolution.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/1430.html (263 words)

	Chapter 18
		The southerners objected to California's admission as a free state because it would be upset the balance of free and slave states in the Senate.
		The Fugitive-Slave Law of 1850, the Bloodhound Bill, said that fleeing slaves could not testify on their own behalf and they were denied a jury trial.
		It died on the issue of the Fugitive-Slave Law.
	www.apnotes.net /ch18.html (1254 words)

	The American Revolution (Fugitive Slave Law)
		The U.S. Congress intended the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 to resolve the ambiguities present in previous legislation.
		Slave catchers were permitted to capture a runaway slave in any state or territory and needed only to prove orally to a federal or state judge that the person was an escaped slave.
		The slave was not guaranteed a trial by jury, and the judge's decision was final.
	theamericanrevolution.org /hdocs/fugslavelaw.asp (81 words)

	ipedia.com: Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists.
		A major cause of conflict between the Southern slave states and the Northern free states was the lack of assistance given by northerners to southern slave-owners and their agents seeking to recapture escaped slaves.
		Some northern states passed personal-liberty laws mandating a jury trial before alleged slaves could be moved, others forbade the use of local jails or the assistance of state officials in the process of arrest or return.
	www.ipedia.com /fugitive_slave_law_of_1850.html (562 words)

	Fugitive Slave Incidents in Central Pennsylvania (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Prior to that, a few African slaves existed in the region populated by the Dutch, Swedes and Finns.[ii] In central Pennsylvania, slaves were held chiefly by the wealthier and established residents of each county, and were used for agricultural, industrial and domestic work.
		The slaves were not permitted to testify at all, and did not have the right to legal counsel or to call witnesses to testify on their own behalf.
		The capture of the slaves, reported in the anti-slavery National Era, bemoaned the fact that little could be done on the part of the slaves due to “the charter of abominations, The Fugitive Slave Law.”[xix] In October, in two separate incidents, Black women in Harrisburg were seized by white slave hunters.
	www.afrolumens.org /rising_free/fugitive.html (6075 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Acts
		Slave hunters were allowed to capture an escapee in any territory or state and were required only to confirm orally before a state or federal judge that the person was a runaway.
		The 'personal liberty laws' compelled a slave catcher to furnish corroborative proof that his captive was a fugitive and frequently accorded the accused the rights to trial by jury and appeal.
		Laws in some states made it easier to extradite a runaway if his or her slave status were confirmed.
	www.math.buffalo.edu /~sww/0history/SlaveActs.html (601 words)

	Whitman, Dickinson, and the Fugitive Slave Law
		During the 1850s, Emily Dickinson was reading about the Fugitive Slave Law and the reactions to the law, and it was a burning topic in Washington when she visited the capital in 1855.
		The fugitive slave's body is "host" to the swarm of its captors, just as the body hosts the leech, to drain blood supposedly for health.
		Fugitive slaves by definition gave lie to that stereotype, for fugitive slaves were active and intense and agitated and anything but serene.
	www.classroomelectric.org /volume2/folsom/fugitive/index-dickinson.html (1008 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Law - Coming of the Civil War - History - USA - North America: slave right, usa history, captured ...
		The one element of the Compromise of 1850 that explicitly favored the South was the Fugitive Slave Law.
		A federal law of 1793 required that slaves who escaped to a free state be returned if the master could offer proof of ownership to a state court.
		The new law turned these cases over to federal commissioners, and it denied a captured slave the right to testify in his or her own behalf or to be tried before a jury.
	www.countriesquest.com /North_America/USA/History/Coming_of_the_Civil_War/The_Fugitive_Slave_Law.htm (244 words)

	[No title]
		The Situation It is October, 1851, and Syracuse is divided in its response to the Fugitive Slave Law.
		As a concession to the North, slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia; as a concession to the South, slavery in the District was retained.
		Summary of the Fugitive Slave Law The fugitive slave law passed by the U.S. Congress in 1850 was an amendment and supplement to an earlier congressional act: “An Act respecting Fugitives from Justice, and Persons escaping from the Service of their Masters” (1793) Major provisions of the act include the following: I.
	www.jamesmadison.com /lessons/david_seiter_1.doc (5428 words)

	This Day in History 1793: Congress enacts first fugitive slave law
		This disregard of the first fugitive slave law enraged Southern states and led to the passage of a second fugitive slave law as part of the Compromise of 1850 between the North and South.
		The second fugitive slave law called for the return of slaves "on pain of heavy penalty" but permitted a jury trial under the condition that fugitives be prohibited from testifying in their own defense.
		Meanwhile, fugitive slaves circumvented the law through the "Underground Railroad," which was a network of persons, primarily free African Americans, who helped fugitives escape to freedom in the Northern states or Canada.
	www.history.com /tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=4759 (290 words)

	Fugitive Slave Act - 1850
		The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the group of laws referred to as the "Compromise of 1850." In this compromise, the antislavery advocates gained the admission of California as a free state, and the prohibition of slave-trading in the District of Columbia.
		Passage of this law was so hated by abolitionists, however, that its existence played a role in the end of slavery a little more than a dozen years later.
		This law also spurred the continued operation of the fabled Undergound Railroad, a network of over 3,000 homes and other "stations" that helped escaping slaves travel from the southern slave-holding states to the northern states and Canada.
	www.project21.org /FugitiveSlaveAct.html (278 words)

	Fugitive Slave Laws; shelby county ohio historical society (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The retrieval of runaway slaves and indentured servants during the early colonial period was not governed by law but by the prevailing attitude in each of the settlements.
		Congress passed the first Fugitive Slave Law in 1793, allowing oral testimony of a claimant, to possession of an alleged fugitive slave, as sufficient right to claim ownership.
		Following actual proof of ownership, the surrender of the fugitive was mandatory, and a fine of $500 was to be levied on anyone attempting to conceal or rescue such individual.
	www.shelbycountyhistory.org /schs/blackhistory/fugitivelaws.htm (121 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Law
		The fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was written to protect the "property" and interests of Southern Slave Holders.
		The document calls upon all law enforcement officials in the country to hunt down, and return to their "owners" and fugitive slaves who would try and escape their captivity.
		And upon the production of the said party of other and further evidence, if necessary, either oral or by affidavit, in addition to what is contained in the said record, of the identity of the person escaping, he or she shall be delivered up to the claimant.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /slavery/fugitive-slave-law.htm (264 words)

	Africans in America/Part 4/Eric Foner on the Fugitive Slave Act
		And that's why the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was enacted, which made the federal government responsible for tracking down and apprehending fugitive slaves in the North, and sending them back to the South.
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, you might say, was the most powerful exercise of federal authority within the United States in the whole era before the Civil War.
		Fugitive slaves had a tremendous impact on the development of the anti-slavery movement.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aia/part4/4i3094.html (722 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1793@Everything2.com
		The slave was not given a trial in court or allowed to present evidence on their own behalf, including proof of having previously earned their freedom.
		This led to some states passing new personal liberty laws prohibiting the use of state facilities for the enforcement of the fugitive law.
		Despite Chase's defense, which denounced the Fugitive Slave Law as unconstitutional, the authorities took Matilda back to New Orleans, where she was sold at auction.
	everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=1414067 (854 words)

	The Fugitive Slave Act - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		The Compromise of 1850 was introduced to stave off conflict between the slave states and the free states upon the admission of California as a state.
		Another part of the Compromise was the Fugitive Slave Act, which federalized the return of escaped slaves to their owners.
		Slaves, of course, had no rights - they were guilty by virtue of a slave-owner's say-so, there was very little burden of proof, the federal government bore most of the costs of returning escaped slaves, and non-slaves who helped fugitive slaves were subject to harsh fines and prison.
	www.usconstitution.net /fslave.html (329 words)

	Understanding the Fugitive Slave Law
		Because the Fugitive Slave Law basically usurped the powers of the states’ judicial system, lawyers in free states developed a series of arguments that usually were ineffective, but tended to slow down the process of returning the fugitive to his master and bring publicity to abolitionism.
		However, the Fugitive Slave Law said that the status of a slave relied on the law in the slave state where the slave lived.
		The laws about the status of slaves in slave states all said that a slave was a slave, no matter where he was or how he got there.
	www.motopera.org /mg_ed/educational/UnderstandingFugitive.html (542 words)

	TODAY IN BLACK HISTORY
		The slave was not given a trial in court or allowed to present evidence on his own behalf, including proof of having previously earned their freedom.
		This led to some states passing new personal liberty laws prohibiting the use of state facilities for the enforcement of the fugitive law.
		Despite Chase's defense, which denounced the Fugitive Slave Law as unconstitutional, the authorities took Matilda back to New Orleans, where she was sold at auction.
	www.sarasota.usf.edu /StudentAffairs/Documents/FEB12BLKHIST.htm (1128 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850.
		With the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, the federal government had to assist the slave owners.
		Many abolitionists claimed that this portion of the Fugitive Slave Law was a means to bribe the commissioners.
	www.ohiohistorycentral.org /entry.php?rec=1483 (583 words)

	Background information on the Simon Bushnell Trial (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A stricter fugitive slave law was enacted in the so-called “Compromise of 1850.” An appreciative nation that had been on the edge of secession and possible civil war celebrated.
		The new fugitive slave law was repeatedly violated.
		If the Fugitive Slave Law was meant to help slave owners recapture their slaves it had exactly the opposite effect.
	home.comcast.net /~glennwatson550/trials/trialbackgroundinfo.html (2070 words)

	Fugitive Slave Law - tribe.net
		The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugi...aw_of_1850 is an important piece providing context, especially for understanding Abolitionist and the escalation of violence culminating in the Civil War.
		The Fugitive Slave Law "was the most powerful exercise of federal authority within the United States in the whole era before the Civil War" he says.
		While the Fugitive Slave Law was not enforced by the military, rather the iron fist of statist power, the tactics used by the state in both by Federal Marshals and the Army in the Indian wars can both be called "terroristic." The institution of slavery required a police state to maintain it.
	people.tribe.net /johnpowers/blog/d972d81b-2b4b-4c6e-a79d-aeb56e341c40 (1303 words)

	Fugitive Slave Act - 1850
		The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the group of laws referred to as the "Compromise of 1850." In this compromise, the antislavery advocates gained the admission of California as a free state, and the prohibition of slave-trading in the District of Columbia.
		Passage of this law was so hated by abolitionists, however, that its existence played a role in the end of slavery a little more than a dozen years later.
		This law also spurred the continued operation of the fabled Undergound Railroad, a network of over 3,000 homes and other "stations" that helped escaping slaves travel from the southern slave-holding states to the northern states and Canada.
	www.nationalcenter.org /FugitiveSlaveAct.html (278 words)

	The Ayn Rand Institute: Hasta La Vista, Anthony Burns
		Under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, public officials in the free states were required by the federal government to help recapture escaped slaves and return them to bondage.
		Despite the law, fl and white Bostonians rallied around Anthony Burns, appalled that a man should be kidnapped back into slavery within sight of Faneuil Hall, known as America's "Cradle of Liberty." A rescue attempt led by fl Bostonians failed.
		At the slavemaster's whim, slaves suspected of being dangerous, i.e., those who did not readily obey or show the proper attitude of subservience were punished severely.
	www.aynrand.org /site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5153 (846 words)

	1851: Fugitive Slave Arrested and Rescued - Bensonwiki
		After the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law in September 1850, Northern abolitionists and free fls feared the inevitable manhunt that would insue.
		With the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law, the Underground Railroad and the abolition movement experienced major growth.
		For the purpose of avoiding the Fugitive Slave Law, northern states passed personal liberty laws, these laws were later cited in South Carolina’s reasons for Secession.
	alpha.furman.edu /~corth/wiki/mediawiki-1.3.9/index.php?title=1851:_Fugitive_Slave_Arrested_and_Rescued (374 words)

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