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Topic: Fulgurite

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	Fulgurite - LoveToKnow 1911
		Another type of fulgurite is commonest in dry sands and takes the shape of vertical tubes which may be nearly half an inch in diameter.
		Generally they are elliptical in cross section, or flattened by the pressure exerted by the surrounding sand on the fulgurite at a time when it was still very hot and plastic.
		The central cavity of the tube and the bubbles in its walls point to the expansion of the gases (air, water, andc.) in the sand by sudden and extreme heating.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Fulgurite (484 words)

	Fulgurites
		Fulgurites take many shapes, sizes, and colorations depending on the material being fused by the lightning strike.
		Fulgurites from this area are some of the finest found and one of the most famous locations on earth - the Great Sand Sea of Southwestern Egypt.
		The fulgurites from this area of the world are interesting in that they are mostly solid.
	www.schoolersinc.com /fulgurites.htm (273 words)

	New Jersey Fulgurite
		The infrequency with which fulgurites are encountered together with the difficulty of extracting them from the surrounding soil and the fact that their true identity often is not recognized has resulted in the recovery of very few specimens and many mineralogical museums are without a representative.
		This fulgurite was encountered in the sand pits operated by the Crossman Company during the operations attendant to the removal of the sand for industrial uses.
		The bulk of the fulgurite was found to be composed of an isotropic glass having an index of refraction of 1.462±0.003, typical of silica glass.
	www.minsocam.org /msa/collectors_corner/arc/njfulgurite.htm (1067 words)

	Fulgurites
		Fulgurites are natural tubes or crusts of glass formed by the fusion of silica (quartz) sand or rock from a lightning strike.
		A general condition for sand fulgurite formation appears to be the presence of a relatively dry dielectric such as quartz sand overlying a more conducting soil layer or the ground water table, with the depth of the latter probably determining the limit for vertical extent of the fulgurite formation.
		The fulgurite excavated over Cable B was nearly vertical with a length approximately 1 m and an average diameter of 1.5 cm at the top and about 0.4 cm at the cable.
	www.electricianeducation.com /interesting/fulgurites.htm (3210 words)

	Minerals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		FULGURITE, from the Latin fulgur, meaning lightning is the name given to rocks which have been fused on the surface by lightning, and to the characteristic holes in rocks formed in the same way.
		Rock Fulgurites are formed when lightning strikes the surface of a rock, melting and fusing the surface, and sometimes the interior of the rock (the melting point of Quartz is 2950oF).
		Fulgurite is beneficial for disorders of the ear, nose, throat, colon, alimentary canal and oesophagus.
	www.crystalbalance.com /custom/more.asp?prodid=722 (422 words)

	Fulgurite
		Fulgurite is from the Latin fulgur meaning thunderbolt, or lightning and are natural hollow carrot-shaped glass tubes.
		The fulgurite was formed by a bolt of lightning hitting the surface of a sand dune ca.
		In the Geology Section of the Heritage Museum, we have a fulgurite that was formed recently in the Sahara desert during a thunderstorm.
	www.arranmuseum.co.uk /fulgurite.htm (235 words)

	[No title]
		Fulgurite is the name given to fused Quartz which has been fused by the action of lightning striking the Earth and locally melting the sand.
		After cooling, glass-like hollow tubes (Fulgurites) can sometimes be located beneath the surface of the sand, generally decreasing in diameter and sometimes branching as they descend, sometimes extending for several feet.
		The outer surfaces sand fulgurites are often rough with adhering, unfused Quartz sand grains.
	www.indiana9fossils.com /Fulgurite/Fulgurites.htm (152 words)

	Remarkable Long Thin Lightning Strike Fulgurite (M6665) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fulgurite carries the strong energy of the lightning that formed it.
		Since fulgurite sustains such strong energies it is said to be very effective in clearing all of the chakras and for arousing ones kundalini energies.
		Emotionally, fulgurite is excellent for clearing and releasing old patterns of habit and replacing with new.
	www.evans-lambert.com /kissesfiles/M6665.htm (442 words)

	Fulgurite
		Fulgurite is the varietal name given to fused Quartz, which has been fused by the action of lightning striking the Earth and locally melting the sand.
		The name Fulgurite is from the Latin: FULGUR (lightning).The best known Fulgurites are found in Quartz sands, where some Fulgurites take the form of tubes, sometimes exceeding a half inch or more in diameter.
		Fulgurites are associated with Uranus, the revolutionary awakener, and using these stones is said to facilitate rapid spiritual transformation.
	www.mythnlynx.com /Fulgurite.html (420 words)

	Welcome to Energy Weaver - A place of healing, light, and love. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fulgurite is a natural glass tube formed in sand or rock by the action of lightning.
		It addition, Fulgurite may be used to grid an area to enhance the energy for welcoming extraterrestrials.
		Fulgurite can also be used in the treatment of disorders of the ear, nose, throat, intestinal walls, colon, alimentary canal, and esophagus.
	www.energyweaver.com /crystals/fulgurite.html (126 words)

	Lightning By-Products, Inc. - Lightning Photos and Fulgurites from Around the World
		Some of the most beautiful fulgurites occur in sandy areas, originating at the ground surface and extending downward many feet to the water table.
		While fulgurites make beautiful displays in offices and museums, and are always a good conversational piece, their reputed power to enhance an individual's sex drive and to accelerate healing cannot be overlooked.
		Fulgurites for sale by Lightning Byproducts, Inc. result from natural lightning around the world and from triggered lightning strikes in north central Florida.
	coolrox.com /Fulgurites/index.htm (399 words)

	Allan McCollum \| Jade Dellinger
		I led myself into fulgurites because of course fulgurites — which are the ‘tracks’ of lightning bolts — are essentially ‘trace fossils,’ the trace of events that happened earlier.
		He had found fulgurites as a part of his research and used their path to discover once and for all that lightning does create a branched, random track in sand in the same way as a bolt of lightning we see in the sky.
		The theory is that it’s often moisture that terminates the formation of a fulgurite, as it’s being produced in a fraction of a second.
	home.att.net /~allanmcnyc/dellinger_mccollum.html (15315 words)

	Atlas: Fulgurites as Paleoclimatic Indicators - New Approaches on Holocene Climatic Change in the Sahara by Sponholz, ...
		The paper describes the occurence of fulgurites in the southern and central Sahara and their palaeoclimatic relevance as well as new methods in the proof of fulgurite fragments in sand samples.
		The mineralogical composition (Lechatelierite, Cristobalite, Chalcedony, Opal) of the fulgurites is related to the palaeo-environmental conditions of the semi-(arid) regions and to the melting conditions during the fulgurite forming lightning strike to the ground.
		The preservation of the fulgurites around the palaeolakes/interdune depressions, however, is restricted by the fact that in such positions an important destruction of fossil fulgurites is probable because of trampling by both man and animals near these former waterpoints.
	atlas-conferences.com /cgi-bin/abstract/camu-18 (1588 words)

	EXPERTS FROM UF DIG UP WORLD'S LONGEST SOLIDIFIED LIGHTNING BOLT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The closest is a 13-foot fulgurite currently housed in a museum.
		Fulgurites have been described by some as solidified lightning bolts.
		Although the lightning facility was not intended for fulgurite research, Uman said interest in the underground lightning bolts has grown during the last few years.
	www.napa.ufl.edu /oldnews/fulgur.htm (563 words)

	Exogenic fulgurites from Elko County, Nevada: a new class of fulgurite associated with large soil-gravel fulgurite ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Entirely different from commonplace sand fulgurites, this new class evolved from lightning-induced molten glass that spewed from the ground during the formation of a soil-gravel fulgurite tube of world-class proportions.
		Traditionally, fulgurites have been broadly classified as either the sand-type (hollow tubes of fused sand grains where lightning struck dunes or beach sand) (Andersen 1925; Petty 1936; Galliot 1980) or the rock-type, typified as thin fusion crusts of glass, with or without tubules, where lightning struck rock outcrops (Purdom 1966; Libby 1986).
		The shallow, horizontal path of the bolt was probably influenced by the contrast in electrical resistivity between the quartzitic bedrock and the thin (15-30 cm) mantle of mixed quartzitic gravel and soil.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GDX/is_5_79/ai_n6248984?... (942 words)

	FULGURITES - EGYPT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The fulgurite specimens from this location are exceptionally attractive, with pronounced ridges running down the length of the fulgurite tubes.
		On this form, there is a tendency for the open tubes running down the interiors of the fulgurites to exhibit a slight curvature.
		On this form, the open tubes running down the interiors of the fulgurites are usually in fairly straight alignment.
	www.minresco.com /fulgurites/egypt4a.htm (189 words)

	Fulgurites P.2
		The fulgurites pictured directly below are from Boulder Canyon, Boulder County, Colorado.
		Though not a likely fulgurite producing area, Colorado does receive a fair share of lightning strikes.
		The fulgurites from the Kermit, Texas, area are similar in appearance to the fulgurites from Egypt.
	www.schoolersinc.com /fulgurites_p_2.htm (266 words)

	For Sale : D - Fulgurite samples for sale! 2neat books
		These fulgurite are continuous sets, ready to be assembled and epoxied.
		One of these cobbles is approximately 2" x 2" and protrudes noticeably from the fulgurite.
		There is a pair of handsome pale cobbles on the display face of this fulgurite.
	woodenski.com /2neat/fulgurite/fulgerite-sets.htm (220 words)

	Fulgurites
		Fulgurites are one of the oddest examples of Nature at work.
		This is a crooked white fulgurite that measures over 3 inches long.
		Nice gray, fl fulgurite that measures over 2.5 inches long and just under an inch in diameter.
	www.curiogrove.com /fulgurites (265 words)

	Florida's Fantastic Fulgurite Find Rocks & Minerals - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Created by cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, fulgurites are the long, hollow, glass tubes that form as a lightning bolt burns through and melts the soil underground, which then quickly solidifies into the delicate tubes.
		What they uncovered, with painstaking, paleontological care, was the world's largest, longest fulgurite ever excavated--one that forked into three branches: the first over 14 feet long, the second more than 16, the third about eight feet.
		But the fulgurites have since become a fascinating distraction for the scientists as they research how to protect underground and overhead power lines.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GDX/is_3_74/ai_58915105 (796 words)

	Fulgurite samples for sale! 2neat books - specializing in Geology and Natural History books and papers
		Most available Fulgurite is formed from sand and the specimens are small, fragile and rather uniform.
		The fulgurite fans out from the point of impact, repeatedly spliting and forming ever smaller branches, just like the roots of a tree.
		Our fulgurites are unique in that they were formed in very coarse soil (almost a fine pea-gravel consistency), and are MUCH larger than most fulgurite samples.
	www.woodenski.com /2neat/fulgurite/fulgurites.htm (369 words)

	Sovereign Powers: Sessions
		Fulgurite infiltrates the secret lab (complete with sensilla-bearing raccoon lab assistants) and keeps watch through the network of alien-infested plants while the rest of the team cruises the industrial park, waiting for "Peter Chevalier" to show up so he can vivisect Fulgurite.
		Fulgurite has the bright idea of enlisting Bombshell's aid, since she can make explosions on the other side of impenetrable barriers, and the game is afoot!
		Finally, as Fulgurite is accosting her in a public place and accusing her to her face of being a Hiver, trouble breaks out at the Chicago Art Institute, just down the street, and he takes off to avert it.
	www.idiom.com /~trip/gaming/powers/sessions.html (3693 words)

	article12.htm
		The fulgurites were centered on a 2-m by 1.5-m deep crater close to the base of a concrete electric pole.
		The fulgurites were of the sand fulgurite variety and occurring as tubes of varying sizes from 1 cm to 5 cm.
		The texture and shape of the fulgurites are typical of superheating, instantaneous melting and rapid cooling.
	www.ias.ac.in /currsci/oct/articles12.htm (685 words)

	Fulgurite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		'''Fulgurites''' (from the Latin for thunderbolt) are natural hollow carrot-shaped glass tubes formed in sandy soil by lightning strikes.
		Fulgurites occasionally form as glazing on solid rocks, as well.
		Fulgurites are notably found high on Mount Thielsen ("the lightning rod of the Cascade Range") where they form a brownish-green glaze on rocks (especially on the final five or ten feet of the summit pinnacle).
	fulgurite.iqnaut.net (141 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fulgurites are very delicate an must be excavated in much the same way as fossils.
		There the Fulgurites are shaped like tubes, often a half inch or more in diameter.
		The outer surfaces of sand Fulgurites are often rough, and stuck with Quartz sand grains.
	www.gocornerstore.com /Inventory_files/July_F/1F.html (174 words)

	Fulgarites and Lightning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fulgurite- is the varietal name given to fused Quartz, Si02, which has been fused by the action of lightning striking the Earth and locally melting the sand.
		Rock Fulgurites- are formed when lightning strikes the surface of a rock, melting and fusing the surface, and sometimes the interior of the rock.
		The melting point of Si02 is 2950°F. The color of the glassy, fused Si02 varies from pale gray, to smoky gray, to shiny fl.
	www.thunderstruk.com /facts26.htm (764 words)

	Fulgurite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fulgurite is the varietal name given to fused Quartz, Si02, which has been fused by the action of lightning striking the Earth and locally melting the sand.
		Rock Fulgurites are formed when lightning strikes the surface of a rock, melting and fusing the surface, and sometimes the interior of the rock.
		The name Fulgurite is from the Latin: FULGUR (lightning).
	www.francesjane.com /fulgurite.html (215 words)

	musings \| mind boggler
		Fulgurites are structures made of sand grains that melt and fuse when lightning passes through sand or sandy soil.
		The shape of a fulgurite reflects the path of the lightning that formed it.
		Fulgurites — and what they reveal about what lightning does underground — began as a curiosity for the professor, but they've become an obsession.
	www.amnh.org /learn/musings/SP01/mb.htm (353 words)

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