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Topic: Fulminate

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Mercury fulminate

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	PowerLabs Fulminates Synthesis!
		Mercury fulminate is an unstable primary explosive compound.
		These were the explosive fulminate, which now had to have all traces of acid removed from it in order to become stable.
		Once the mercury fulminate had been fully dissolved in ammonium hydroxide solution, the solution was filtered and the filtrate, containing a small amount of metallic mercury and dark impurities (which proved to be almost as explosive as the primary explosive itself) was discarded, whilst the filtered solution was kept.
	www.powerlabs.org /chemlabs/fulminate.htm (1267 words)

	[No title]
		Judge Kelly further rejected as "tortured" the government's argument that Fulminate turned on "the imminenc[e] of the threat of physical injury and the lack of means to avoid physical harm." Ibid.
		Fulminate, 499 U.S. 279 (1991), and that review is warranted in this case because the court of appeals mistakenly applied a formu- lation that focused exclusively on the "overwhelming" nature of the properly admitted evidence of guilt, rather than on whether the erroneously admitted evidence contributed to the verdict.
		As this Court recognized in Fulminate, "[t]he admission of an involuntary confession" constitutes "a classic 'trial error' " that may be "quantitatively assessed in the context of other evidence presented in order to determine whether its admission was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt." 499 U.S. at 307-308, 309.
	www.usdoj.gov /osg/briefs/1996/w966841w.txt (4123 words)

	fulminate - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		FULMINATE [fulminate], any salt of fulminic acid, HONC, a highly unstable compound known only in solution.
		It is made by the action of nitric acid on mercury metal in the presence of alcohol and is often collected as a gray or brown sandy powder.
		It is very sensitive to heat, shock, or friction and is used in primers, detonators, and blasting caps.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-fulminat.html (200 words)

	[No title]
		Since fulminate is a sensitive explosive, detonators with less of it were safer to handle.
		Filter the fulminate out of the water and wash it with a few ounces of ethyl alcohol and a final wash of a few ounces of distilled water.
		DDNP: Diazodinitrophenol is a greenish yellow to a brown crystal and is superior to fulminate as a detonating agent.
	www.textfiles.com /anarchy/INCENDIARIES/deton.ana (2337 words)

	Silver fulminate (Gerald L. Hurst; Roger Fleming; Steve Faber)
		It was (and is) set off >when a crystal of fulminate is crushed or rubbed between two grains of >the gravel; the reaction them communicates to the remainder of the >fulminate rapidly enough to be perceived as a single "snap" with a >little flash of light in company.
		Fulminating gold was the first known high explosive, discovered in the late sixteenth century by alchemists.
		Fulminating compounds are known for several of the precious metals, and were actually the first high explosives discovered, back in the days of alchemy, but are so unstable (and expensive) they have never had any practical use.
	yarchive.net /explosives/silver_fulminate.html (1668 words)

	Mercury fulminate (Norman L. Reitzel)
		Fulminates are salts of the (hypothetical) fulminic acid, which can be thought of as the oxime of carbon monoxide.
		Mercury fulminate is not particularly corrosive to gun barrels, though it renders the brass cartridge case brittle and not reusable.
		Fulminic acid, on the other hand, does not exist in the free state, at least anywhere near ambient temperatures.
	yarchive.net /explosives/mercury_fulminate.html (1238 words)

	MERCURY (II) FULMINATE (EDUCATIONAL)
		This is somewhat difficult since fulminic acid is very unstable and cannot be made or bought about.
		It may be obtained white and entirely pure by dissolving in strong ammonia water, filtering, and reprecipitating by the addition of 30% acetic acid.
		The pure fulminate is filtered off, washed several times with cold water, and stored under water and for experimental purposes; it is dried first.
	www.freewebs.com /lpumsun/mercuryf.html (220 words)

	Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Powered by XMB
		In particular mixing sodium fulminate with copper(I) chloride at RT produces copper(I) disodium fulminate as a ppt, and at 80C, sodium copper(I) fulminate.
		The problem is that fulminic acid is a partially oxidised product, and if left to its own devices will never occur in high concentration or yeild as it will be destroyed as fast as its formed.
		This is why the synthesis of silver and mercury fulminates work, they are virtually insoluable in the reaction mixture, so they ppt the fulminate ion protecting it from furthur oxidation.
	www.sciencemadness.org /talk/viewthread.php?tid=599 (2126 words)

	Mercury Fulminate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Mercury fulminate is white when pure but ordinarily, it has a faint brownish yellow or gray tint.
		The precautions given for lead azide shall be used when using mercury fulminate.
		Whether it is wet or dry, mercury fulminate shall not be permitted to come into contact with materials such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, copper, brass, or bronze.
	www.ordnance.org /mercury.htm (91 words)

	fulminate (definition) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		[v] criticize severely; "He fulminated against the Republicans' plan to cut Medicare"; "She railed against the bad social policies".
		[n] a salt or ester of fulminic acid.
		[v] come on suddenly and intensely; "the disease fulminated".
	lookwayup.com /lwu.exe/lwu/d?s=f&w=fulminate (45 words)

	Lateral Science - Fulminating Gold & Other Auriferous Topics
		Fulminating silver is a topic mentioned several times in "The Young Man`s Book of Amusement".
		The amount of fulminating gold Glauber used is frightening because of the unpredictable nature of the substance, particularly when impure.
		This is incorrect; strictly speaking a fulminate is a salt of fulminic acid CNOH.
	www.lateralscience.co.uk /gold/index.html (920 words)

	TL 5 explosives for GURPS - Mercury Fulminate, Acetylene and Blasting Gelatin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The mercury fulminate was filled in custom made hollow spherical metal containers with a small opening hole that could be sealed with a screw.
		It was on the 14th of January in 1858 that the Italian gentleman Felice Orsini and his helpers hurled four of the metal spheres filled with mercury fulminate at the French Emperor Napoleon III., wounding 156 people, of which 8 later died from their wounds, but missing the emperor.
		Anyone carrying mercury fulminate grenades must roll against DX+1 any time he falls, is hit, in a car or carriage accident and so on.
	www.gurpsmaster.de /tl5explosive.htm (1327 words)

	MERCURY FULMINATE 2 - Exodus -
		Mercury fulminate is perhaps one of the oldest known initiating compounds.
		Even the action of dropping a crystal of the fulminate causes it to explode.
		Solvent alcohol must be at least 95% ethyl alcohol if it is used to make mercury fulminate.
	members.tripod.com /~booboolaroo/acb/131.html (425 words)

	HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		of this and its safer cousin, mercury fulminate, was devised in 1799.
		Normally you fulminate over website tricks when they get in the way or when they are too obviously the result of the designer having just discovered Flash...
		Mercury fulminate is perhaps the oldest known initiating compound...
	www.highbeam.com /library/search.asp?FN=SS&search_newspapers=on&search_magazines=on&q=fulminate&refid=ency_botnm (1022 words)

	Fulminate - History
		The story of Fulminate began as Jani got Squier electric guitar at the end of the summer 97.
		Next summer was break but in fall Fulminate continued playing and started playing and composing their own songs.
		Fulminate played two gigs in Kemppa Crash 5, with Sami Lainetoja on bass, and Janne Pohjoismäki and Arto Karhunen on vocals.
	personal.inet.fi /musiikki/fulminate/history.htm (668 words)

	[No title]
		-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- MERCURY FULMINATES ------------------ Mercury Fulminate is a medium-power explosive that is commonly used in blasting caps, detonating devices in general, and as a stand-alone explosive.
		All fulminates, including mercury fulminate, are sensitive to shock and friction, and in no circumstances should they be handled in a rough or careless manner.
		These crystals are pure mercury fulminate, but should be washed many times, and tested with litmus paper for any remaining undesirable acid.
	www.textfiles.com /anarchy/INCENDIARIES/pyrobook.ana (971 words)

	High (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The most important primary explosives are mercury fulminate, lead azide, lead trinitroresorcinate, silver azide, diazodinitrophenol, and tetrazene, which is used as an additive in primers.
		Preparation of Mercury Fulminate is carried out by a process essentially the same as described by Howard.
		The proportions of the materials were selected in such a manner that all of the carbon should be converted to carbon dioxide and all the hydrogen to water.
	www.fireandsafety.eku.edu /VFRE-99/Recognition/High/high.htm (3596 words)

	Megalomania's Method of Making Mercury Fulminate
		Löwenstern detailed mercury fulminate synthesis in his posthumously written Laboratorium Chymicum, he used aqua fortis, spiritum vini, and in fimum equinum.
		Mercury fulminate was first patented by Alfred Nobel in 1867 for blasting caps.
		The pure fulminate is filtered off, washed with cold water, and stored in a container filled with water.
	www.roguesci.org /megalomania/explo/mercury_fulminate.html (427 words)

	HighX
		Lead Azide has a high temperature of ignition and is less sensitive to shock and friction than mercury fulminate.
		Lead styphnate does not react with metals and is less sensitive to shock and friction than mercury fulminate or lead azide.
		Tetracene is slightly more sensitive to impact than mercury fulminate and is more brisant when initiated by tetryl or mercury fulminate than when self initiated by fire.
	www.members.tripod.com /Price_Of_Blood/HighX.htm (1603 words)

	Megalomania's Method of Making Silver Fulminate
		Silver fulminate is a very sensitive primary explosive compound.
		Only very tiny amounts of silver fulminate should be prepared at once, the weight of the crystals can cause them to self detonate.
		Silver fulminate was first prepared in 1800 by Edward Howard in his research project to prepare a large variety of fulminates.
	roguesci.org /megalomania/explo/silver_fulminate.html (290 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The entire solution is now filtered, in order to obtain the small white crystals.These crystals are pure mercury fulminate,but should be washed many times, and tested with litmus paper for any remaining undersiable acid.
		These crystals must be handled in the same way as the first method described, in that they must be washed many times and given several litmus paper tests.
		Many other fulminates can be made in the same manner as above,but i will not go into these,since most are extremely unstable and sensitive to shock.All fulminates including mercury fulminate,are sensitive to shock and friction,and in no circumstances should they be handled in a rough or careless manner..
	www.phreak.org /archives/The_Hacker_Chronicles_II/pyro/mercfulm.txt (296 words)

	ANS : Store : Electronic Articles
		The stability of mercury fulminate under gamma-ray irradiation and in a high-alkalinity sludge environment was determined.
		Mercury fulminate completely decomposed in a gamma-ray source (0.86 Mrad/h) after a dose of 208 Mrad.
		This study suggests that any mercury fulminate or closely related energetic species decomposed long ago if it ever formed in the tank farm.
	www.ans.org /store/index.cgi?i=E120000-nt-151-3-297-302 (147 words)

	Explosives
		For the fulminate, we must write -O-N=C, and the carbon is left with only two bonds, instead of the usual four.
		It is said that the alchemist Johann Kunkel von Löwenstein tinkered with fulminate in the 17th century.
		Tetryl caps, used in the early 20th century, contained mercury fulminate and potassium chlorate to insure detonation, and are not as safe as ordinary blasting caps, which contain no chlorate.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/phys/bang.htm (13380 words)

	ANARCHY 'N' EXPLOSIVES VOLUME 5 - 4/3/89 Well, hasn't it been long since Volume 4 of Anarc
		MERCURY FULMINATE: ================== Mercury fulminate is an initiating explosive, commonly appearing as white or gray crystals.
		The temperature of the mixture rises, a vigorous reaction commences, white fumes come off, and cdata bstals of fulminate soon begin to precipitate.
		The pure fulminate is filtered off, washed several times with cold water, and stored under water, or, if a very small amount is desired for experimental purposes, it is dried in a desiccator.
	www.skepticfiles.org /new/183doc.htm (820 words)

	Formation of Cyanate (OCN) and Fulminate (ONC) Radicals from Anionic Precursors in the Gas Phase. A Joint Experimental ...
		[CH Neutralization of the cyanate and fulminate anions by Franck-Condon vertical one-electron oxidation (in the first of two tandem collision cells of the mass spectrometer) yields the cyanate (OCN) and fulminate (ONC) radicals, both of which are stable for at least 1
		Ionization of these neutrals by one-electron oxidation in a second collision cell produces the cyanate and fulminate cations.
		Theoretical and experimental studies show that (i) these rearrangements involve the less stable singlet forms of the cations, (ii) the cationic fulminate to cyanate rearrangement is a major process, and (iii) the corresponding rearrangement of the cyanate cation is a minor process, with the product being either the oxazirinyl cation or the fulminate cation.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jpcafh/2003/107/i01/abs/jp021525b.html (230 words)

	fulminate definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Search for "fulminate" in all of MSN Encarta
		transitive and intransitive verb (past and past participle ful·mi·nat·ed, present participle ful·mi·nat·ing, 3rd person present singular ful·mi·nates)
		chemistry explosive salt or ester: an explosive salt or ester of fulminic acid, especially fulminate of mercury
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861673642 (118 words)

	Is Nitroglycerine In This? Page 8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		It is thought that the charge contained about seven pounds of mercury fulminate powder while about twenty additional pounds were lying near.
		Griffin came to the oil regions from Chicago about three years ago, and had spent most of that interval at West Pithole, where he was engaged in the oil business.
		During the last year he became interested with Col. Davidson in a patent which the latter had secured upon a torpedo of his own invention, as well as mercury fulminate, which for blasting purposes was considered scarcely inferior to nitro-glycerine.
	www.logwell.com /tales/mercury_fulminate.html (1021 words)

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