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Topic: Function calls

	Subroutine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram.
		Function and Procedure are also synonymous with "subprogram" - with the distinction (in some programming languages) that "functions", generate return values and appear in expressions, where "procedures", generate no return values and appear in statements.
		Predicate is, in general, a boolean-valued function (a function that returns a boolean).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Subroutine (2371 words)

	Function Attributes - Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
		Use this attribute on the Blackfin, m68k, H8/300, H8/300H, H8S, and SH to indicate that the specified function is an interrupt handler.
		Use this attribute on the Blackfin to indicate that the specified function is an NMI handler.
		By indicating that a function cannot be called from outside the module, GCC may for instance omit the load of a PIC register since it is known that the calling function loaded the correct value.
	gcc.gnu.org /onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html (4602 words)

	Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
		Functions that take a variable number of arguments will continue to be passed all of their arguments on the stack.
		Calling a function through the function vector will reduce code size, however; the function vector has a limited size (maximum 128 entries on the H8/300 and 64 entries on the H8/300H) and shares space with the interrupt vector.
		Use this attribute on the H8/300, H8/300H and SH to indicate that the specified function is an interrupt handler.
	gcc.gnu.org /onlinedocs/gcc-3.2/gcc/Function-Attributes.html (2330 words)

	D Programming Language - Functions
		Virtual functions are functions that are called indirectly through a function pointer table, called a vtbl[], rather than directly.
		Functions taking a variable number of arguments are called variadic functions.
		Delegates to non-static nested functions contain two pieces of data: the pointer to the stack frame of the lexically enclosing function (called the frame pointer) and the address of the function.
	www.digitalmars.com /d/function.html (2353 words)

	Amulet Function Calls
		A function call can be a hyperlink to another page, a request for the value of an external variable, a command to invoke a Remote Procedure Call and much more.
		But, when you have a multiple function call that performs an action on an InternalRAM variable and then later within the multiple function call that same InternalRAM variable is used as an argument for another function, things might not happen in the order that you expect.
		That is, it calls invokeRPC() relative to the UART object.
	www.amulettechnologies.com /support/help/functions.htm (1882 words)

	Squawks of the Parrot: What the heck is: A tail call (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Tail calls, and their more restricted brethren tail recursion, are one of those clever optimizer tricks that were invented many years ago, then promptly forgotten by most of the mainstream language implementors.
		Call because that last operation is calling a function.
		In procedural and OO languages the benefits are a bit smaller, since there are generally fewer function calls and more code executed between function calls, and many of the returns don't return just the result of a function call, but even then it does make a difference.
	www.sidhe.org /~dan/blog/archives/000211.html (1302 words)

	XEmacs: Making Elisp Function Calls Faster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Therefore, binding lexically-scoped parameters in preparation for a function call involves nothing more than pushing the values of the parameters onto a stack and then setting a new value for the frame pointer, at the same time remembering the old one.
		At the end of a function call, the parameter bindings that have been done need to be undone.
		As part of each Elisp function call, a whole bunch of checks are done for a series of unlikely but possible conditions that may occur.
	www.xemacs.org /Architecting-XEmacs/faster-elisp.html (1562 words)

	WMLScript Developer's Guide: Function Calls
		Function calls return a value, such as the result of a calculation.
		The way you call a function depends on where the call (target) function is declared.
		An external function is one that is accessible to files other than the one in which the external function is declared.
	developer.openwave.com /htmldoc/41/wmlsdev/functions3.html (380 words)

	Class Notes on Function Calls
		This document is intended as a backup to the lectures on the implementation of function calls in C. After discussing in general the minimal functionality necessary to support function calls in our compiler, we present a set of attribute rules which generate the appropriate IC code statements.
		We shall present a simple view of code generation for functions based on the uniform width of 4 bytes for all parameters and for the return value of a function; the general idea presented here can be easily modified for the more complex case.
		This can be before the call is made (a negative offset into the frame about to be pushed) or during the call (a positive offset into the top frame).
	www.cs.bu.edu /~snyder/cs525/FunctionCalls.html (1634 words)

	Function Calls
		If the function returns no value, the expression must appear in a place where its value is not used.
		Since only a copy of each parameter is passed to the function, a simple variable cannot be altered if its name only appears as the argument to a function.
		To alter a variable, pass a pointer to it, and have the function modify the object pointed to.
	www.lugaru.com /man/Function.Calls.html (386 words)

	Function Calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Function Calls ============== A "function" is a name for a particular calculation.
		The way to use a function is with a "function call" expression, which consists of the function name followed by a list of "arguments" in parentheses.
		Like every other expression, the function call has a value, which is computed by the function based on the arguments you give it.
	docs.freebsd.org /info/gawk/gawk.info.Function_Calls.html (354 words)

	Telephony Calls \| Palm OS® Programmer's API Reference
		function, this is the ID of the data line that was established for the telephone call.
		Call this function to receive data during an active data telephone call.
		A successful return from a synchronous call or receipt of a successful notification from an asynchronous call does not mean that the telephone call has been connected; instead, it indicates that the dial command was sent to the phone.
	www.palmos.com /dev/support/docs/palmos/TelephonyCalls.html (3795 words)

	Visualize function calls with Graphviz
		Additionally, a call trace can identify the maximum call depth of user functions, which you can then use to efficiently bind the memory that the call stack uses (an important consideration in embedded systems).
		When longer call chains are involved, it becomes more complicated to know who called whom, so a simple solution is to maintain a stack of the entry addresses.
		As the call chain is parsed from the trace file, a connectivity matrix is built that identifies which functions call which other functions.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/library/l-graphvis/index.html?ca=drs-tp2605 (2579 words)

	WMLScript Reference: Function Calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The way a function is called depends on where the call (target) function is declared.
		A function that is declared and called in the same file.
		The external function call must be prefixed with the name of the external file.
	developer.openwave.com /htmldoc/41/wmlscript/functions3.html (242 words)

	Notes on Recursive Function Calls
		function, it should be fixed within the function.
		Notice that part of this function implements a simple way of finding the last digit of any positive integer.
		Here is a program that implements this plan using recursive function calls.
	andromeda.rutgers.edu /~loftin/cs101spr04/recursive/recursive.html (1062 words)

	GotW #56: Exception-Safe Function Calls
		All of a function's arguments must be fully evaluated before the function is called.
		Once the execution of a function begins, no expressions from the calling function begin, or continue, to be evaluated until execution of the called function has completed.
		So each new-expression is essentially a series of two function calls: one call to operator new() (either the global one, or one provided by the type of the object being created), and then a call to the constructor.
	www.gotw.ca /gotw/056.htm (2288 words)

	PHP: call_user_func - Manual
		However I found that at some times, the use of this function is needed in situtations where variable function calls can not be used.
		So what I simply do is call the object method with an array of parameters, something that, to the best of my knowledge, can not be done with variable function calls, since variable function calls, even though they themeselves are dynamic, passing parameters to them is not.
		The end called was in an external class, but I needed to save some state for the callback that didn't make sense to keep in the original object, as it might change from call to call...
	us2.php.net /manual/en/function.call-user-func.php (1957 words)

	Xalan-Java Extensions
		The extension function could include both numdays and multiplier as arguments, thus bypassing the need for the extension element, but the purpose here is to illustrate the usage pattern for extension elements.
		For extension elements and functions implemented in Java, it is recommended that you use the abbreviated syntax, described in Alternative: using the abbreviated syntax for extensions implemented in Java.
		where object is the return type, function is the local part of the extension function name (the function name without the namespace prefix), and args correspond to the arguments in the function call.
	xml.apache.org /xalan-j/extensions.html (4134 words)

	Analysis of Functions Containing Function Calls but No Stores/Loads
		The effects of the current function will be the union of the effects of all the called functions.
		If one of the called function is unreusable, then the current function will have effects in the form of modification to non-local variables, and by definition the current function will also be unreusable.
		However, cycles in the call graph present a problem, because the method described so far might potentially loop through these cycles infinitely when it cannot determine the class of the functions in the cycle.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~jsstylos/15745/15745-report/node5.html (458 words)

	Function calls
		The result of the function call is processed in place as a term within the current instruction clause.
		a function or subroutine can alter the setting of the elapsed time clock, which is provided by the time built-in function, without affecting the setting that is used in the calling procedure.
		a function or subroutine can alter trace settings, which are established by the trace instruction or the trace built-in function, without affecting the settings that are used in the calling procedure.
	www.kilowattsoftware.com /tutorial/rexx/functionCalls.htm (476 words)

	Dr. Dobb's \| Tackling C++ Tail Calls \| January 1, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A tail call is a function call invoked from the tail position of the caller.
		Without optimization, it is not possible to map them directly to C function calls because the high frequency of tail calls would badly degrade performance and eventually break the stack.
		However, when issuing a tail call it is necessary to have all callee-saved registers restored to the state the caller expects them in, and all argument registers loaded as the called function requires.
	www.ddj.com /dept/cpp/184401756 (2180 words)

	Cross Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Note that the macros-called-by function asks its question in the reverse way than the other calls questions: the rest ask for all the functions that call a particular function.
		xref-describe is a shorthand for calling who-calls and
		who-calls function takes a function name as its first argument since calling the function asks the question `who calls ' while who-uses takes an object (typically a global variable) since `who uses ' is the question asked by that function.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /ailanguages/allegro5/cross_reference.htm (2526 words)

	Function Calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A user-defined function name looks just like the name of a variable, and space would make the expression look like concatenation of a variable with an expression inside parentheses.
		If arguments are omitted in calls to user-defined functions, then those arguments are treated as local variables, initialized to the null string (see User-defined).
		A function can also have side effects, such as assigning the values of certain variables or doing I/O. Here is a command to read numbers, one number per line, and print the square root of each one:
	www.cse.unsw.edu.au /help/doc/info/gawk/Function_Calls.html (357 words)

	CodeGuru Forums - function/subroutine calls
		I believe (not sure) the register window pointer is called stack frame pointer, and on IA32, a function frame is known to be the stack range from ESP to EBP (in case the stack pointer ESP is saved to EBP, before substracting the size of local variables).
		I guess that ret is a synthetic instruction that is the same as jumpl and it jumps to 8 bytes (2 instructions) after the call instruction (because nop always follows a call instruction).
		So that means the call to save must be saving the local and output registers (or else how would they be restored after the function returns).
	www.codeguru.com /forum/showthread.php?t=380622 (427 words)

	CPT 262 - Function Prototypes & Calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		You will learn about function prototypes, function headings, and how to use a function.
		Section 3.3 introduces the use of function headings What the book calls a function heading, most other authors (and I) call a function prototype.
		You turn a function heading into a function prototype by adding a ; to the end of the function heading.
	www.engr.iupui.edu /~fernande/cpt262/101/lessons/lsnFunctions1.html (154 words)

	TPM Function Calls - OSx86 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Here is a complete list of all functions that the TPM driver provides.
		Here is a list of functions calls from the Rosetta daemon executable.
		Thoses functions are actually "stubs" (like a proxy) to the real functions.
	wiki.osx86project.org /wiki/index.php/TPM_Function_Calls (237 words)

	ASPN : Python Cookbook : EventQueue class to queue function calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		''' print >> sys.stderr, 'EventQueue event raised exception (', function, a, kw or {}, '):', error def push(self, function, a=(), kw=None): ''' queue the call to function, return the number of the call.
		I know that list.append is atomic, so I assume there are no issues with EventQueue.push, though I have not tested it extensively.
		It is likely that you will want to queue all calls to particular methods or functions, hence the decorator.
	aspn.activestate.com /ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/496894 (291 words)

	Scalar Function Calls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		For example, the absolute value scalar function takes a numeric column as an argument and returns the absolute value of each value in the column.
		The escape sequence for calling a scalar function is
		where value_exp is a column name, the result of another scalar function, or a literal value, and data_type is a keyword that matches the #define name used by an SQL data type identifier as defined in Appendix D: Data Types.
	www.vieka.com /esqldoc/esqlref/htm/odbcscalar_function_calls.htm (379 words)

	CleanCode::Code::Function Calls (FN1)
		Sometimes it is actually better to have more function calls (see RP2, RP3, and RP4).
		It is cheaper to call a function once with a long argument rather than multiple times with short arguments.
		Since each function call incurs overhead (typically allocating stack space, storing arguments, calling the function, storing the return value, returning, using the return value, and de-allocating stack space), it is faster to do one function call where possible.
	cleancode.sourceforge.net /wwwdoc/codingRules/fn1.html (262 words)

	"special" function calls (catch?) - GameDev.Net Discussion Forums
		i need to make a different type of function call, which would create a new instance of that function, instead of the normal run.
		Everytime a script calls a function, this function call shoudld be taken by the App and passed to the Manager, which will then allocate the contexts and do the necessary stuff to create a new process.
		This allows the scripts to declare a structure with all the parameters they wish to pass to the other function, and the other function can safely obtain these parameters by retrieving the correct structure type.
	www.gamedev.net /community/forums/topic.asp?topic_id=343470 (960 words)

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