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	Fundamentalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fundamentalism is a continuing historical phenomenon, illustrated by the creation of the Sikh Khalsa Panth in 1699, it is increasingly a modern phenomenon, characterized by a sense of embattled alienation in the midst of the surrounding culture, even where the culture may be nominally influenced by the adherents' religion.
		The "fundamentals" of the religion have been jettisoned by neglect, lost through compromise and inattention, so that the general religious community's explanation of itself appears to the separatist to be in terms that are completely alien and fundamentally hostile to the religion itself.
		Fundamentalism is therefore a movement through which the adherents attempt to rescue religious identity from absorption into modern, Western culture, where this absorption appears to the enclave to have made irreversible progress in the wider religious community, necessitating the assertion of a separate identity based upon the fundamental or founding principles of the religion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fundamentalism (4040 words)

	Fundamentalism - Global Policy Forum - WTC: The Crisis
		Fundamentalism is a deep and totalistic commitment to religious belief, involving a return to supposed fundamentals, away from doctrinal compromises with modern social and political life.
		Sinhala-Buddhist fundamentalism in Sri Lanka, inspired by a vision of the Sinhala as the curators of Buddhism, is a factor in the protracted and bloody conflict between Sinhalese and Tamils.
		Fundamentalism may not be as potent a force as some thought in the 1980s, but it remains an important religious, social and political phenomenon.
	www.globalpolicy.org /wtc/fundamentalism/0501def.htm (1607 words)

	Religious Movements Homepage: Fundamentalism
		By and large, fundamentalism was a response to the loss of influence traditional revivalism experienced in America during the early years of the twentieth century.
		Political fundamentalism is a combination of theological fundamentalism and the personal commitments of religious adherents to combat worldly vices.
		Focus is on the rise of fundamentalism in America's largest Protestant denomination (Southern Baptists) and the subsequent impact of that rise on women.
	religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu /nrms/fund.html (2497 words)

	Fundamentalism: The real problem, in any religion \| The-Tidings.com
		Fundamentalism is marked by fear and rage directed not only against the enemy outside the ranks but even more intensely against the enemy within, including bishops, priests, sisters and theologians.
		Of course, fundamentalism is a complex phenomenon, having been the subject of serious and sustained study by Martin Marty, emeritus professor of church history at the University of Chicago, and his former student and current Notre Dame professor, R. Scott Appleby, who co-edited a highly regarded five-volume series on the topic.
		Fundamentalism is marked, secondly, by fear and rage directed not only against the enemy outside the ranks but even more intensely against the enemy within, including bishops, priests, sisters and theologians.
	www.the-tidings.com /2004/0924/essays.htm (917 words)

	FUNDAMENTALISM AND TERRORISM
		The ideology of fundamentalism becomes of importance for politics when it is transformed from a religious belief system into a political ideology embodied in a political movement, and when this movement gains political power or mass support.
		Fundamentalism as a religio-political ideology can be found all over the world; as a significant political movements asserting the vision of a religious state it can be found in about thirty nations; and as a dominant power it can be found in just a few places.
		Sinhala-Buddhist fundamentalism in Sri Lanka inspired by a vision of the Sinhala as the curators of Buddhism, is considered a factor in the protracted conflict between Sinhalese and Tamils.
	human-nature.com /rmyoung/papers/pap135h.htm (9916 words)

	Fundamentalism
		The term, ‘fundamentalism’, has entered the language of journalists, politicians, academics and the public to such an extent that one might be forgiven for thinking that it refers to a single discrete idea which can be subjected to easy and accurate definition.
		Having examined in detail the reasons why fundamentalism arose and shown that modernity is the object of its oppositional character, I propose in my next chapter to look at what the fundamentalist actually believes and discuss how these beliefs are manifested in similar form across the religions covered by this study.
		For these reasons applying the term fundamentalism beyond its original historical context is not without its problems and yet we have seen that family resemblances do indeed occur and that they are useful in highlighting a particular and increasingly talked about reaction to modernity.
	www.shellier.co.uk /fundamentalism.htm (8965 words)

	Fundamentalist Christianity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The secular world's current perception of the term "fundamentalism" is colored by shifts in meaning on two similar fronts since the 1980s.
		Important early Christian fundamentalists included Baptist pastor William Bell Riley, the founder and president of the World Christian Fundamentals Association, who was instrumental in calling lawyer and three-time Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan to act as that organization's counsel in the famous Scopes Trial.
		Because fundamentalism began as a reaction to views coming out of the academic community, some fundamentalists have become anti-intellectual to the point of looking down on those with higher education from secular institutions, though this is certainly not true of all.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fundamentalist_Christianity (2119 words)

	Fundamentalism
		In this period, Fundamentalism emerged as a reaction to liberalizing trends in American Protestantism; it broke off, but never completely, from Evangelicalism, of which it may be considered one wing.
		According to this theory, Fundamentalism flourished for three centuries after Christ, went underground for twelve hundred years, surfaced again with the Reformation, took its knocks from various sources, and was alternately prominent or diminished in its influence and visibility.
		The fundamental doctrines identified in the series can be reduced to five: (I) the inspiration and what the writers call infallibility of Scripture, (2) the deity of Christ (including his virgin birth), (3) the substitutionary atonement of his death, (4) his literal resurrection from the dead, and (5) his literal return at the Second Coming.
	www.catholic.com /library/Fundamentalism.asp (1903 words)

	American Experience \| Monkey Trial \| People & Events
		American fundamentalism and the social gospel are two distinct religious movements.
		Fundamentalism rose within the church to combat this modern view of the Bible.
		Fundamentalism would emerge later in the 20th century as a far more radical and sophisticated movement.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/monkeytrial/peopleevents/e_gospel.html (651 words)

	Secular Fundamentalism and Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Secular fundamentalism is an ideological framework that stipulates a particular relationship between church and state, and to its adherents, justifies actions taken to enforce or institute that relationship.
		As a broad school of thought, secular fundamentalism embraces outright hostility to religion, as well as the more narrow view that religion must be excluded from politics for the sake of the polity.
		Secular fundamentalism claims that a preference for secularism has to be entrenched into the framework of democratic states for two reasons.
	www.acton.org /programs/students/essay/2003/first.html (6041 words)

	:: BlackElectorate.com ::
		Modern fundamentalism is rooted in the writings of Mawlana Mawdoodi of Pakistan and Sayyid Qutb of Egypt in the 1960s calling for the return to the traditions of Islam.
		But fundamentalism was the matter of defeat, because when people are fearful and threatened, they tend to accentuate the aggressive aspects of Islam and disregard those that speak of compassion and justice.
		The fundamentalism rejection of modernity is not necessarily of modern technology but of the ideals of individualism, voluntarism, pluralism, and the equality of women.
	www.blackelectorate.com /articles.asp?ID=1042 (4936 words)

	GLOBAL VISION : SCIENCE & THE SACRED : ON FUNDAMENTALISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Fundamentalism is both a religious phenomenon, a political movement, and a state of consciousness.
		It is characterised by profound dissatisfaction about society, preoccupation with religious beliefs, expectation of imminent apocalypse, assumption of a cosmic battle between the forces of good and evil, concretisation of this in terms of actual groups of human beings, and the claim of divine authority to justify violence against the perceived enemies.
		Fundamentalism is nothing new, but it is lately attracting so many adherents that it has become a global issue.
	www.global-vision.org /sacred/fundamentalism.html (5226 words)

	Fundamentalism & Religious Revival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As a response to cultural tension, fundamentalism emerges in the form of an orthodox restatement of cultural patterns.
		A similar structure to explain the rise of fundamentalism was suggested by the religious scholar Eric Sharpe.
		Barr's study of Christian fundamentalism has served as a model for the study of fundamentalist orthodoxies outside of Christian tradition and is widely acknowledged in contemporary studies.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Anthropology/publications/FUNDMNTALISM.htm (5511 words)

	(Christian) Fundamentalism
		Fundamentalism is a movement that arose in the United States during and immediately after the First World War in order to reaffirm orthodox Protestant Christianity and to defend it militantly against the challenges of liberal theology, German higher criticism, Darwinism, and other isms regarded as harmful to American Christianity.
		Defenders of the fundamentals of the faith began to organize outside the churches and within the denominations.
		The General Assembly of the northern Presbyterian Church in 1910 affirmed five essential doctrines regarded as under attack in the church: the inerrancy of Scripture, the virgin birth of Christ, the substitutionary atonement of Christ, Christ's bodily resurrection, and the historicity of the miracles.
	mb-soft.com /believe/text/fundamen.htm (2460 words)

	The Wisdom Fund - Fundamentalism and Islam
		Michael Gilsenan has argued that the differences are so great from one district to another that the term 'Islam' or 'fundamentalism' is simply not useful in defining the current attempt to articulate the experience of people in the Middle East during the post-colonial period.
		Fundamentalism is a term popularly used to describe strict adherence to Christian doctrines based on a literal interpretation of the Bible.
		The name fundamentalist was coined in 1920 to designate those "doing battle royal for the Fundamentals." Also figuring in the name was The Fundamentals, a 12-volume collection of essays written in the period 1910-15 by 64 British and American scholars and preachers.
	www.twf.org /Library/Fundamentalism.html (748 words)

	Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel by Israel Shahak and Norton Mezvinsky
		Contemporary Jewish fundamentalism is an attempt to revive a situation that often existed in Jewish communities before the influence of modernity.
		The basic principles of Jewish fundamentalism are the same as those found in other religions: restoration and survival of the "pure" and pious religious community that presumably existed in the past.
		From the perspective of Jewish fundamentalism the most important occurrence in the third period was the growth of Jewish mysticism, usually referred to by the name of Cabbala.
	www.geocities.com /alabasters_archive/jewish_fundamentalism.html (4154 words)

	The Rise of Fundamentalism - The Twentieth Century - Divining America: Religion and the National Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		I suggest that it is best to distinguish small "f" from capital "F" usages: fundamentalism as a generic or worldwide phenomenon versus Fundamentalism as a religious movement specific to Protestant culture in the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
		Generic fundamentalism refers to a global religious impulse, particularly evident in the twentieth century, that seeks to recover and publicly institutionalize aspects of the past that modern life has obscured.
		In working with undergraduates I have found it helpful to frame Fundamentalism as a traditionalist movement, i.e., that it was an effort by earnest folk to retain a place for old fashioned (or at least what they took to be old fashioned) values in a rapidly modernizing world.
	www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080 /tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/fundam.htm (1248 words)

	American Fundamentalists by Joel Pelletier
		Fundamentalism says all markets must be free, the bible must be inerrant, and only one political party can be patriotic.
		Fundamentalism is about believing - no, ACCEPTING something as truth, something SO true that it's unthinkable to even consider the possibility that it might not be true.
		The three branches of modern American Fundamentalism have somehow converged, opportunistically using each other even when their ultimate goals sometimes conflict, because true Machiavellian ethics doesn't require you to agree with anyone, even your allies, as long as you might get your way.
	www.americanfundamentalists.com /movement.html (2721 words)

	Islamic fundamentalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Islamism.
		Islamic fundamentalism is a religious ideology which advocates literalist interpretations of the sacred texts of Islam, Sharia law, and an Islamic State.
		Islamic fundamentalism's push for Sharia and an Islamic State has come into conflict with conceptions of the secular, democratic state, such as the internationally supported Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism (420 words)

	fundamentalism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A group protesting modernist”; tendencies in the churches circulated a 12-volume publication called The Fundamentals (1909–12), in which five points of doctrine were set forth as fundamental: the Virgin birth, the physical resurrection of Jesus, the infallibility of the Scriptures, the substitutional atonement, and the physical second coming of Christ.
		In Islam, the term “fundamentalism” encompasses various modern Muslim leaders, groups, and movements opposed to secularization in Islam and Islamic countries and seeking to reassert traditional beliefs and practices.
		After the Shiite revolution (1979) led by Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran, the term was applied to a number of ultra-conservative or militant Islamic movements there and in other countries, such as the Taliban of Afghanistan.
	www.bartleby.com /65/fu/fundamen.html (658 words)

	Amazon.com: The Battle for God: Books: Karen Armstrong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Armstrong sensitively recognizes one of fundamentalism's great ironies: though they ostensibly seek to restore a displaced, mythical spiritual foundation, fundamentalists often re-establish that foundation using profoundly secular, pseudo-scientific means ("creation science" is a prime example).
		Fundamentalism is "on the march" in the Islamic world, especially Shia Iran; fundamentalist religious Christian and Jewish conservatives increased their influence in the US with the election of George W. Bush, which continues, and the ongoing Israeli prime ministership of Ariel Sharon into 2005.
		This book is marvelous for providing the history of the phenomenon of religious fundamentalism, its structures and content, and more important, the abiding level of consciousness at which these people operate and seek to influence and, more to their liking, control others.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0345391691?v=glance (1976 words)

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