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	Fur trade - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The fur trade (also called the Indian trade) was a huge part of the early history of contact in North America between European-Americans and American Indians (now often called Native Americans in the United States and First Nations in Canada).
		European traders and trappers explored the continent and established relationships with native communities, hoping to obtain the best pelts—beaver was especially prized—for European markets.
		The fur trade came to a close as game was depleted by overhunting, as expanding European settlement displaced native communities from the best hunting grounds, and as European demand for furs subsided.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fur_trade (499 words)

	Fur Trade
		Fort Dearborn, which was established to protect U.S. interests in the fur trade, and the various trading posts formed the first stages of settlement preceding the land boom of the mid-1830s.
		Before that period, traders and travelers used Chicago mostly as a point of transit between the French and, later, the American settlements in the Mississippi Valley and the Straits of Mackinac.
		Fur trading disappeared from Chicago as the population boomed and land speculation became the rage.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/492.html (858 words)

	The Fur Trade
		The earliest fur traders in North America were French explorers and fishermen who arrived in what is now Eastern Canada during the early 1500's.
		The French traders obtained furs from the Huron Indians and, later, from the Ottawa.
		The claims of fur traders played a part in establishing the border between the United States and Canada.
	www.pcmaf.org /fur_trade.htm (1097 words)

	Life Among the Fur Traders
		That the fur traders were already married to wives of their own race back in the settlements appears not to have been considered a "bar to the bans".
		The traders, clerks, and voyageurs "did not consider their dignity lessened by forming marital alliances" and the Indian wives "were of so much service to their husbands" that such marriages, "generally first formed by the traders for present convenience, became cemented by the strongest ties of mutual affection."
		Although many a trader lost his life at the hands of the Indians, it is equally true that for the most part the natives and the traders got on well together.
	iagenweb.org /history/palimpsest/jan1925.htm (2286 words)

	Fur Traders and Mountain Men
		The fur trade in Oregon was started in 1778 by Captain Cook trading for sea otter.
		During the peak fur trapping years, around 100,000 beaver pelts were being consumed annually for the production of men's top hats, and in the 1830s the Hudson's Bay Company made a concerted effort to trap out the beaver population in Montana and Idaho, the last great concentration of the animals within legal reach of Americans.
		Furs were sold or traded for traps, guns, ammunition, knives, tobacco, and liquor (at $64 a gallon!), all of which had to be brought from St. Louis.
	www.endoftheoregontrail.org /road2oregon/sa03furs.html (932 words)

	Time Line - A Brief History of the Fur Trade
		These furs were mainly supplied by Indian traders, especially the Huron and Ottawa tribes.
		Most of the licensed traders and their voyageurs were called east to fight the British.
		American Fur had a monopoly in the Fon du Lac, but due to expenses, cut the number of its posts in the region by half.
	www.whiteoak.org /learning/timeline.htm (2303 words)

	Historical Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The history of the Missouri frontier is mostly a story of the quest for fur, primarily the fur of the beaver.
		Traders were encouraged to marry into the tribes and trade relationships were jealously guarded.
		They gathered furs to sell to the highest bidder at the summer rendezvous, when trappers met with fur companies and other traders at a camp in the north to buy supplies for another year.
	www.conservation.state.mo.us /teacher/highered/crafts/craft4.htm (1870 words)

	Fur Traders - KS-Cyclopedia - 1912
		Fur Traders.—In the early settlement of America, the prospects of acquiring wealth through a trade in furs lured a number of adventurous spirits into the wilds for the purpose of trapping the fur-bearing animals and opening up traffic with the Indians.
		It was the roving trader and the solitary trapper who first sought out these inhospitable wilds, traced the streams to their sources, scaled the mountain passes, and explored a boundless expanse of territory where the foot of the white man had never trodden before."
		The Hudson Bay traders were operating on the upper Missouri in the latter part of the eighteenth century.
	skyways.lib.ks.us /genweb/archives/1912/f/fur_traders.html (772 words)

	Fur traders offering blankets & accessories. Clarksville, AR. - Home
		Furs utilized in our products are harvested by traditional methods compatible with long term viability of wildlife populations.
		Our inspiration is to preserve a little piece of American history by crafting fur blankets in the tradition of lap robes used in 18th and 19th century sleighs and carriages.
		Our custom blankets are made from several types of fur, or combinations of fur and garment grade leather, all with quilted silk, satin or velvet backings.
	www.auxarcfurtraders.com (257 words)

	EUROPEANS: FUR TRADERS \ BAY-journal
		The [fur traders] would endure during and after the periods of French and English control of Michigan.
		One of the first traders mentioned in the valley, is Louis Tromble', a relative of Joseph and Mader Tromble.
		He was sent to the valley as a fur trader by his Uncle who ran merchant business in Detroit.
	bay-journal.com /bay/1hi/eur-5.html (380 words)

	The Montreal fur traders (from Canada) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Fur inhabit the mountainous area of Jebel Marra, the highest region of The Sudan.
		Furs were frequently used as currency as late as the 19th century.
		Stretching westward from the Atlantic Ocean to the shores of the Pacific Ocean, and northward from its border with the United States to the icy waters of the Arctic Ocean, Canada is a huge and fascinating land of contrasts.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-42991 (903 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The fur trade linked the Northern Plains to a world-wide economic and political system.
		Indians became instrumental in the fur trade; major trading posts at Fort Union and Fort Clark, and others of lesser significance, catered mainly to Native trappers and hunters.
		Descended from Euro-American fur trade employees and Chippewa Indian women, the Métis melded the two cultures in language, lifestyle, and economy.
	www.state.nd.us /hist/ndhist.htm (5066 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Founders & Fur Traders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On September 30, 1847, when the founding father of Montgomery, Alabama, cradle city of the Southern Confederacy, had reached his ninetieth year, he was visited by a reporter for the Montgomery "Flag and Advertiser," Albert James Pickett, who was later to write the official history of the State of Alabama.
		...To the settler the trader might be a villain who supplied the redskins with the rum that inflamed their murderous passions and the arms used to massacre peaceful villagers...
		...The exigencies of the fur trade-it was all too easy for an agent to abscond and blame the loss on Indian raiding parties-often made it imperative for the merchant to travel with his goods...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V51I5P79-1.htm (4504 words)

	Turning Points of Wisconsin History - The French Fur Trade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Because the fur is waterproof, beaver skins could be shaved and pressed into a pliable felt that kept the wearer both warm and dry.
		In the fall, traders would advance guns, ammunition, and other supplies to Indian hunters on credit, and in the spring the hunters would return to pay off their bills in furs-a system that kept most Indian hunters in permanent debt to their French employers.
		Overhunting, however, gradually caused the fur trade to shift farther west, and by 1840 most furs were being shipped either from Hudson Bay to London or from Oregon to New York by sea, and Wisconsin’s fur trade era was over.
	www.wisconsinhistory.org /turningpoints/tp-007?action=more_essay (929 words)

	Fur Traders 1660
		That spirit is revealed in two petitions sent to the court of Fort Orange/Beverwyck in May 1660.
		These documents were signed by a total of seventy-nine individuals and constitutes the earliest, base list of Beverwyck fur traders.
		The trade and these traders are the subjects of an article by Thomas E. Burke, Jr.
	www.nysm.nysed.gov /albany/lists/list1660.html (115 words)

	Northwest Fur Traders
		Astor's fur enterprises were well established east of the Rockies.
		Northwest Fur Company: David Thompson began his career in the fur business at the age of thirteen as an apprentice for the Hudson's Bay Company.
		After greetings were over Thompson and his party continued down the Columbia and set up camp on behalf of the NW Fur Company on the outside of Fort Astoria.
	www.oregonpioneers.com /marion/traders.htm (1045 words)

	SpanishR history - fur traders
		Another source of furs was Whitefish Post, (built from 1821 to 1824), which sent its furs by twenty-five foot canoes into Makada Lake, over a chain of smaller lakes into Pennage, and finally into the Lower Spanish to La Cloche.
		The heyday of the fur trade on the Spanish was recorded by the celebrated figure of Grey Owl, who traveled extensively in the area around Biscotasing and on the Spanish River.
		The decline of the fur trade in the Sudbury district can be traced to a reorientation of economic activity in the area.
	www.interlog.com /~erhard/spanish-1.htm (1337 words)

	Effects of Indian Fur Trade on Native American Indian History Pictures Maps
		The Mountain Man Indian Fur Trade website is for the collecting and sharing of information on the fur trade conducted between the Mountain Men, Plains Indians, and the fur traders of the United States and Canada.
		The Mountain Man Indian Fur Trade website is concerned with the history of the Mountain Men and the Indian fur trade from the early 1800s to 1840, not trapping.
		With limited government ability to enforce these federal acts, the fur trader's whiskey turned a great many proud, self-reliant Native Americans into drunken beggars that were willing to trade anything they had for more of the white-man liquor.
	www.thefurtrapper.com (2329 words)

	Mountain Man Fur Trade Facts Rocky Mountain Men Trappers Pictures
		The Lisa, Menard, and Morrison Fur Company is also credited with building a trading post at the Three Forks in Montana, but this is questionable.
		The fur trappers arrived at the Three Forks on April 3, 1810, and a trapping party was attacked on April 12th.
		The beaver hats were not made from the thick outer fur of the beaver pelt, but from the barbed, fibrous under-fur.
	www.thefurtrapper.com /fur_trappers.htm (2917 words)

	Sea otter fur traders
		The waters off California were much warmer than further north and the fur of the Californian animals was not as dense as that of its northern cousins.
		James Cook visited Nootka Sound on the Northwest Coast in 1778 and this inlet was the base from which most of the fur traders operated, even after the Spanish had occupied it 1789.
		John Kendrick, the American fur trader arrived and the Jackal fired a salute but, unfortunately, the guns were loaded and Kendrick was killed aboard the Lady Washington.
	pages.quicksilver.net.nz /jcr/~vfur1.html (11499 words)

	Fur traders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fur Traders Descending The Missouri, Framed Art Print By...
		Find all your favorite Fur Traders Descending the Missouri posters, art prints and framed art at Barewalls.com, the Web's leading art retailer.
		This Fur Traders Descending the Missouri Poster is made with High Quality Poster paper and...
	www.growinglifestyle.co.uk /uk/j70866 (338 words)

	Learning Online Centre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The smell of wood smoke is sharp from the campfires of the Native American village nearby, the haphazard camps of the voyageur, and the separate campsites of the travelers from further inland that have come to trade their winter beaver and furs for goods.
		xplore the era of the fur trade with us, along with the personalities and lives of some of the people that make up this period in our history.
		Fur posts grew in number as the search for furs and trading partners expanded.
	www.whiteoak.org /learning/lrn-online.htm (908 words)

	Fur Traders - compare prices, reviews and buy at NexTag - Price - Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		George Drouillard: Hunter And Interpreter For Lewis And Clark And Fur Trader, 1807...
		Fur Traders, Trappers, and Mountain Men of the Upper Missouri
		George Drouillard:: Hunter and Interpreter for Lewis and Clark and Fur Trader...
	www.nextag.com /serv/main/buyer/OutPDir.jsp?search=fur+traders (215 words)

	5_2_1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The first visitors from the United States to come to California were men engaged in hunting sea otter along the western coast of North America.
		The skin of a full-grown sea otter was five feet long and more than two feet wide, with a thick, fl, glossy fur highlighted by silvery hair.
		Smith and his party were the first white men from the United States to cross overland to California, thereby effectively opening the fur trade of the far Southwest.
	www.californiahistory.net /text_only/5_2_1.htm (484 words)

	Grade Four Social Studies - Heritage(Explorers, Fur Traders, the Métis Peoples, Early Immigrants, and Treaties)
		explorers, fur traders, and early immigrants came to this province for a variety of reasons.
		Explorers, fur traders, and early immigrants left their homes and came to Saskatchewan for a variety of reasons that may be identified as `push' and `pull' factors.
		Marie knew that it was her father's most valuable trade good with the fur traders.
	www.sasked.gov.sk.ca /docs/elemsoc/g4u22ess.html (5979 words)

	American Fur Traders
		A British fur trader, the Princess Royal captained by Thomas Hudson was also there, soon to be arrested by Martinez.
		Although Kendrick was not a particularly active trader, he was an astute one and he recognised that the sandalwood tree grew on Hawaii.
		Ingraham and other traders were stuck with their furs unless they could find other illegal outlets with the prospect of selling at much reduced prices.
	pages.quicksilver.net.nz /jcr/~vamerican1.html (9329 words)

	Exploration, the Fur Trade and Hudson's Bay Company - History
		The fur trade has been around for as long as people have been wearing clothes.
		Animals were hunted for food, and their pelts worn for protection.
		By the year 1600, the need for more beaver fur exploded.
	www.canadiana.org /hbc/hist/hist1_e.html (277 words)

	Fur Traders and Frontiers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Includes slaves in the fur trade and fl frontiermen, traders and trappers.
		Information about the African-American explorer and fur trader who discovered a mountain pass in the nineteenth century.
		Scottish-born Alexander Mackenzie...entered the fur trade and from 1788 to 1796 commanded Fort Chipewyan on Lake Athabasca in present-day Alberta for the North West Company.
	mcreynoldsms.org /furtrader_frontier.htm (495 words)

	The Fur Traders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This essay is an abridgment of a forward he wrote for Skinned (1988), the International Wildlife Coalition's anthology about the clubbing and trapping of animals for fur.
		The people in this industry, as well as those who continue to support it will emerge as shallow, selfish, power-driven and callous, as respectful of the "cultural identity" of native peoples as they are of the rights of animals.
		For the fur industry has paid the final insult to native peoples; they have used and abused them yet again, only this time the abuse is subtler: The noblest of the ideas, the "identity" of their culture, has been used to advance the special interests of an obscene industry.
	trumpeter.athabascau.ca /content/v7.4/regan.html (1803 words)

	EPL.ca: Fur Trade
		The Fur Trade in New France: Les courier du bois.
		The Fur Trade in New France: Voyageurs and Hired Men
		Fur Trade in Rupert's Land: Opening Up the Canadian Northwest
	www.epl.ca /EPLPathfinder.cfm?id=FURTRADE1 (142 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Takkali
		The hybrid name by which the Carrier Indians of the northern interior of British Columbia were originally made known by the fur traders, who sometimes comprised under that denomination the Chilcotin and the Babine tribes as well.
		The first contact of the Carriers with the whites dates from 1793; the Chilcotin first met them in 1808,and the Babines in 1812, while the first notions they obtained of the religion of the newcomers were derived from the Catholic servants of the traders among them.
		In 1842 the Carriers received their first missionary in the person of Rev.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14431b.htm (821 words)

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