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Topic: Furigana

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Gaiji

Kanji kentei

Okurigana

Kanji

Toyo kanji

Japanese writing system

Jinmeiyo kanji

Hiragana

Romaji

Katakana

Kana

List of words of disputed pronunciation

Mincho

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	Furigana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Furigana are most commonly used in works for children, who may not have sufficiently advanced reading skills to recognise the kanji, but can understand the word when written phonetically in hiragana.
		In works aimed at adult Japanese speakers, furigana may be used on a word written in uncommon kanji; in the mass media, they are generally used on words containing non-Jōyō kanji.
		Furigana may also be used for Chinese or Korean names when written in kanji, or for a Westerner who has chosen to represent his or her name in kanji, such as activist Arudou Debito, who writes his name 有道出人 in kanji.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Furigana (906 words)

	Furigana - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		In manga, some writers will use furigana to represent slang pronunciations, which would become hard to understand without the kanji to provide their meaning.
		This has a particularly neat effect when the kanji are chosen not for their phonetic value but for their meaning, allowing one to translate the meaning of one's name while retaining the original pronunciation.
		Unlike furigana, which indicate pronunciation, kunten indicated Japanese grammatical structures absent from the kambun, as well as showing how words should be reordered to fit Japanese sentence structure.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /furigana.htm (465 words)

	Furigana - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Furigana (ふりがな), also called yomigana, are kana printed next to a kanji or other character to indicate its pronunciation.
		This was in addition to furigana that indicated the pronunciation, and was typically written at the corner of a character.
		Another even more esoteric use might be to write English text, and in furigana write Japanese words, possibly even in kanji, that correspond to the meaning of the English, effectively translating it in place.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Furigana (448 words)

	= furigana :: japanese resources =
		furigana are usually hiragana, but in some cases (such as showing the pronunciation of a Chinese name) they will be in katakana.
		similarly, furigana will also sometimes be used the other way around--to show what was said out loud (usually in a language other than japanese, like english), while the kanji show the meaning behind that.
		finally, furigana are used very commonly to show the pronunciation of a japanese person's name--even in manga that rarely have furigana, the pronunciation of a name is usually shown at least the first time the name appears.
	www.ayashi.net /jhelp/furigana.shtml (579 words)

	Furigana -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Furigana (ふりがな), also called yomigana, are (Click link for more info and facts about kana) kana printed next to a (Click link for more info and facts about kanji) kanji or other character to indicate its (The manner in which someone utters a word) pronunciation.
		In (Click link for more info and facts about manga) manga, some writers will use furigana to represent slang pronunciations, which would become hard to understand without the kanji to provide their meaning.
		Also, because the kanji represent meaning while the furigana represent sound, one can combine the two to create (A humorous play on words) puns or indicate meanings of foreign words.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fu/furigana.htm (548 words)

	Manganews Forum - Furigana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Having furigana usually means that the story is targeted at a relatively young age group (kids).
		Furigana is nice when it exists for uncommon names and uncommon kanji, otherwise an eyesore.
		Actually, the one I had tended to write the furigana in Katakana-Engrish rather than the actual Japanese, which I thought was weird.
	www.manganews.net /forums/printthread.php?t=266 (868 words)

	Encyclopedia: Furigana
		Ruby characters, also called ruby, rubi or furigana, are sometimes used in the typography of ideographic languages, especially Japanese and Chinese.
		Japanese writing Kanji æ¼¢å—; Kana ä»®å; Hiragana å¹³ä»®å; Katakana ç‰‡ä»®å; Uses Furigana æŒ¯ã‚Šä»®å Okurigana é€ã‚Šä»®å; Romaji ãƒãƒ¼ãƒžå—; The jÅyÅ; kanji (å¸¸ç”¨æ¼¢å—;) are the 1,945 kanji issued by the Ministry for Education on October 10, 1981.
		Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Furigana (2104 words)

	Katakana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Katakana are sometimes used instead of hiragana as furigana to give the pronunciation of a word written in roman characters, or for a foreign word which is written as kanji for the meaning, but intended to be pronounced as the original.
		Katakana may be used for stylistic purposes, as they are perceived as having a stark, angular, masculine and futuristic appearance.
		Katakana was developed in the early Heian Period from parts of man'yōgana characters to indicate kanji pronunciation (furigana) in kanbun.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Katakana (1134 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: Kodansha's Furigana English-Japanese Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Furigana refers to the small kana that are printed above or alongside kanji to show the pronunciation of the Chinese character.
		With furigana superscripts, the beginner who is familiar with hiragana and katakana is able to read even the most difficult and obscure kanji at a glance.
		Along with its sister volume (Kodansha's Furigana Dictionary: Japanese-English), this dictionary aims to be a standard and invaluable reference source for Japanese language students.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770027516 (1487 words)

	Furigana - Free-Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Les furigana (振り仮名), ou encore yomigana, sont des kana écrits à côté d'un kanji ou d'un autre caractère pour en indiquer la prononciation (en effet, les kana permettent de transcrire tout mot japonais) en cas d'ambiguïté, de difficulté de lecture, etc. Dans un texte présenté horizontalement, on les place au-dessus des caractères.
		Généralement, les furigana sont écris en hiragana, mais ce n'est pas toujours le cas.
		pour les fiches administratives, il est parfois demandé d'écrire le furigana des noms propres en katakana pour faciliter le traitement informatique, ou, au moins, améliorer la lisibilité (le hiragana étant une écriture cursive, elle est moins lisible que le katakana).
	fr.free-definition.com /Furigana.html (306 words)

	Part 4 - Furigana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Furigana are small kana characters that appear alongside Chinese characters (kanji) in a Japanese text, usually for the purpose of showing the reader how to pronounce the kanji.
		But Japanese writers have always found imaginative new uses for furigana, uses that have more to do with imparting meaning than pronunciation.
		Yet today these kana glosses (also known as rubi because they were traditionally printed in the tiny "ruby" font) continue to serve as an essential literary device for expanding the expressive palette of written Japanese.
	www.honco.net /japanese/04/index.html (108 words)

	Japanese Hiragana
		In horizontal texts, the furigana appear above the kanji and in vertical texts, the furigana appear on the right of the kanji.
		In newspapers it is a legal requirement for furigana to be attached to kanji which are not included in the official list of the 1,945 most frequently-used kanji.
		Hiragana are sometimes used to write words which would normally written with katakana to make them appear more "feminine", particularly in comic books and cartoons for young girls.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/japanese_hiragana.htm (409 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Kodansha's Furigana Japanese Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Furigana refers to the small kana that are printed above or alongside kanji to show their pronunciation.
		Because of the example sentences that come with many of the entries, Kondasha's Furigana Dictionary is invaluable for those who have memorized a lot of vocabulary, but do not know how to use it in context.
		A good furigana dictionary serves a dual purpose of familiarizing you with the kana, as you need to know it in order to look up words, as well as being a functional dictionary.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770024800 (1110 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Kodansha's Furigana Japanese-English Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Kodansha's Furigana English-Japanese Dictionary is the best dictionary I've found marketed in the U.S. The examples are very useful and the kanji is printed very clearly.
		Kodansha's Furigana dictionaries are simply a few of the best Japanese<->English dictionaries I have seen on the market, especially for students of Japanese.
		A few words you expect to be included are not, sometimes the furigana is very small and hard to read (make sure you have your glasses) and there are a couple of typos, which is something you don`t expect in a dictionary.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770027508 (1146 words)

	Furigana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Came across this one and was instantly drawn to it because it broke out all words by spelling first,...
		This dictionary is essential for students of japanese because it uses furigana (small hiragana and katakana characters that explain pronunciation and spelling) above the kanji characters in its definitions.
		This is an excellent book, both for Japanese people who are learning English and for non-Japanese speakers who are learning Japanese.It contains an enormous vocabulary of English words and their Japanese translations.
	www.freeglossary.com /Furigana (184 words)

	Asian Language Terminology
		Hiragana is also used to write words not derived from the traditional Chinese characters, or in place of kanji which have been dropped from everyday use, or when the number of kanji in a sentence becomes so great as to be visually unaesthetic, or makes the author seem "bigheaded."
		A miniaturized version of hiragana called furigana (fooreegahna) are placed in close juxtaposition to a kanji to provide phonetic guidance to the kanji's pronunciation.
		Furigana are the Japanese pronunciation annotations described in the media release.
	www.aproposinc.com /pages/asiantrm.htm (1566 words)

	Finnegans Wake in Japanese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		In this remarkable work, a seven-year labor of love and a masterpiece in its own right, Yanase made constant use of furigana to add new layers of meaning to words written in kanji.
		Furigana allowed him to emulate -- while not literally reproducing -- the puns, double-entendres and allusions that fill every sentence of Joyce's original text.
		Indeed, furigana enabled Yanase to layer meanings in an even more elaborate fashion than Joyce could within the phonetic constraints of the English language.
	www.honco.net /japanese/04/page4.html (441 words)

	Anime On DVD Community Forums: Furigana question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		I mean the whole idea of furigana is to help understanding, especially of older or more technical terms, or for people who may not know all of the readings.
		I don't see why an editor who puts the furigana in would be different from the author (or whoever does the lettering, for manga).
		As for the furigana I would assume that authors write furigana that might be in doubt (names, or if they want to indicate that an unusual reading was said) but editors fill in the rest.
	forums.animeondvd.com /showflat.php?Cat=&Board=cultureforum&Number=750770&page=6&view=collapsed&sb=5&o=&fpart=all (1961 words)

	Furigana Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Looking For furigana - Find furigana and more at Lycos Search.
		Find furigana - Your relevant result is a click away!
		Look for furigana - Find furigana at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	www.stardustmemories.com /encyclopedia/Furigana (1068 words)

	Furigana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		jBrowse - Japanese Translation IE Plugin [Win] A free plugin for Internet Explorer that injects furigana (phonetic hints) and word definitions in English into Japanese web pages.
		Includes character dictionary, word dictionary, editor with kanji conversion, printing (kanji cards, vocabulary, text with furigana), and vocabulary manager.
		It uses material from the Wiktionary page "Furigana".
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Furigana.html (164 words)

	Books 1st - Kodansha's Furigana Japanese Dictionary: Japanese-English English-Japanese
		For example, the word raspberry shows in katakana, "ki-i-chi-go", plus the kanji with the furigana above, plus the common katakana pronunciation "ra-zu-be-ri".
		The only negative about this book, is that the Japanese to English section is in hiragana (as opposed to romaji).
		The furigana is very helpful in learning Kanji.
	www.books1st.com /isbn/4770024800 (300 words)

	furigana book reading club (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		I'm cool with anything, as long as it has furigana and is fairly easy to read.
		The Genji manga I have seen were without furigana.
		It is a text book made easier to read for kids, with furigana and notes explaining cultural/historical things.
	forum.japantoday.com /furigana_book_reading_club/m_267762/tm.htm (3334 words)

	Main (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Kenkyusha Furigana English-Japanese Dictionary isn't really a dictionary, it is a glossary.
		It merely lists a single word's translation, with furigana, but with no explanation.
		As you become more familiar with different jukugo, it is more obvious what each entry means, but the terse entries can still lead you astray.
	member.newsguy.com /~sakusha/dict/kenkyusha-ej-furigana.html (95 words)

	Japanese -- Reviews of Conventional Dictionaries
		All information is given in Japanese -- kanji with furigana and rômaji -- and English.
		This is a Japanese-English-Japanese dictionary that in fact consists of two older dictionaries: "Kodansha's Furigana Japanese-English Dictionary" (1995) and "Kodansha's Furigana English-Japanese" (1996).
		All information is given in kanji with furigana, and each entry features very good examples of usage.
	www.cc.jyu.fi /~tojan/rlang/jap3.htm (370 words)

	Lesson 3: Viewing and Editing a Document
		Note that both romaji and hiragana are visible, and that both the hidden characters window title bar and the object type indicators on the status line at the bottom of the main frame window show Hiragana.
		Sometimes the furigana is truncated at the insertion point.
		Also note that your entry may be better-formed than the published dictionary, with the furigana correctly apportioned between the syllables.
	www.aproposinc.com /ScfwUG/22c_25.htm (6196 words)

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