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Topic: Fusarium oxysporum

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	Fusarium oxysporum
		Fusarium oxysporum and its various formae speciales have been characterized as causing the following symptoms: vascular wilt, yellows, corm rot, root rot, and damping-off.
		In general, fusarium wilts first appear as slight vein clearing on the outer portion of the younger leaves, followed by epinasty (downward drooping) of the older leaves.
		Browning of the [vascular tissue] is strong evidence of fusarium wilt.
	www.extento.hawaii.edu /kbase/crop/Type/f_oxys.htm (987 words)

	Vegetative compatibility groups of Fusarium oxysporum
		cubense, the cause of Fusarium wilt of bananas.
		Elmer, W.H. and Stephens, C.T. (1989) Classification of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
		Hubbard, J.C. and Gerik, J.S. (1993) A new wilt disease of lettuce incited by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
	www.cdl.umn.edu /Scab/vcg.html (4425 words)

	Fusarium Species
		Fusarium is one of the emerging causes of opportunistic mycoses [63, 66, 531, 916, 1426, 1581, 1826, 1921, 2297, 2304].
		Fusarium infections following solid organ transplantation tend to remain local and have a better outcome compared to those that develop in patients with hematological malignancies and bone marrow transplantation patients [2015].
		Invasive infection with Fusarium chlamydosporum in a patient with aplastic anemia.
	www.doctorfungus.org /thefungi/fusarium.htm (2385 words)

	[No title]
		Fusarium yellows in a green celery cultivar was first identified in Michigan on a celery farm in North Muskegon in 1981 (Elmer and Lacy, 1984).
		Fusarium yellows is also a serious problem on celery in California (Hart and Endo, 1978), New York (Awuah et al., 1986), Ohio (R. Rowe, personal communication), Texas (Martyn, 1987) and Ontario, Canada (Cerkauskas and McDonald, 1989).
		The most diagnostic symptom of Fusarium yellows is a red to brown discoloration in the vascular tissue of the roots and crowns of infected plants (Lacy and Elmer, 1985).
	www.msue.msu.edu /msue/imp/modaf/r5239201.html (3149 words)

	Fusarium Wilt & Yellows of Sugar Beet & Dry Bean
		Fusarium yellows, also known as Fusarium wilt, is a fungal disease (caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr.) with presumed host-specific strains that attack sugar beet (F.
		Fusarium wilt losses in dry bean fields can vary from a trace to more than 30 percent crop loss; in addition seed size can be reduced 10 percent to 15 percent.
		Symptoms of Fusarium yellows of sugar beet include wilting of the foliage, yellowing between the veins in the leaves (interveinal chlorosis), and a darkening of the rings in the taproot.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/crops/02950.html (1752 words)

	Fusarium oxysporum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fusarium oxysporum, also referred to as Agent Green, is a fungus that causes Fusarium wilt disease in more than a hundred species of plants.
		As a result of this blockage and breakdown of xylem, symptoms appear in plants such as leaf wilting, yellowing and eventually plant death.
		Interest in Fusarium oxysporum as a pesticide was first raised after the discovery in the 1960s that it was the causative agent in the destruction of the Hawaiian coca population.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fusarium_oxysporum (186 words)

	Fusarium
		Fusarium infections are rare but devastating infections caused by this common fungus.
		Fusarium oxysporum infection was confirmed by biopsy studies and cultures.
		Fusarium species are ubiquitous and may be found in the soil, air and on plants.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/fusarium.htm (2971 words)

	NYBG.org: How is Fusarium oxysporum spread?
		Fusarium oxysporum is an asexual fungus that produces three types of spores: microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores.
		Microconidia are one or two celled, are produced by Fusarium oxysporum under all conditions, and produced the most within the infected plants.
		cubense, the cause of Fusarium wilt of bananas
	sciweb.nybg.org /science2/hcol/fusarium3.asp (538 words)

	Fusarium Diseases of Cucurbits fact sheet
		Fusarium wilt of melon is caused by a seed- and soilborne fungus that is specific to melon.
		Fusarium wilt collapse should not be confused, however, with sudden wilt of melon.
		Fusarium crown and foot rot of squash and pumpkin is caused by Fusarium solani f.
	vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu /factsheets/Cucurbits_Fusarium.htm (2248 words)

	TAXONOMY OF MYCOHERBICIDE SPECIES
		Fusarium oxysporum featured as the first and it is still the most important Fusarium species causing diseases of economic crops.
		Fusarium in the course of evolution has become adapted largely as a specialised soil fungus with the main spore slimy, but there is plenty of evidence available for the existence of a somewhat vestigial dry spore or blastosporic form.
		Fusarium species are a labile group of organisms which when grown on artificial media may produce a multitude of variants both in their morphology and cultural characteristics depending upon the cultural conditions.
	mycoherbicide.info /MYCOLOGY/Taxonomy/taxonomy.htm (4224 words)

	Mold-Help.org: FusariumMold Help-The same toxic mold that is in
		Fusarium is listed as one capable of causing mycetomas, and it has repeatedly been isolated from human keratitis and corneal ulcers.
		Fusarium attacks cells in humans much the way in attacks cells in plants -through the secretion of mycotoxins that it itself is immune to.
		The interest in toxigenic Fusarium species is increasing world-wide due to the discovery of a growing number of naturally occurring Fusarium mycotoxins that have practical importance as threats to human and animal health.
	www.mold-help.org /content/view/417 (2778 words)

	Fusarium Oxysporum
		When the Kenyans tried to do something about the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense that was devastating their small-scale banana farms, they found 4 different Fusarium oxysporum races and more than more than 20 different "bridging groups." [7] Scientists in Hawaii have reported over 24 fusarium species there.
		Lo and behold, much to their own chagrin, they proved that fusarium oxysporum f.sp.erythroxyli was anything but specific to erythroxylum coca.
		Fusarium wilt of Watermelon: Impact of Race 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f.
	www.freedomtoexhale.com /disinfo.htm (2244 words)

	NYBG.org: Fusarium Wilt And Its Effect On Bananas
		Vascular wilt, also called Fusarium wilt or Panama disease, is caused by Fusarium oxysporum, a common soil fungus of the family Nectriaceae.
		oxysporum, can live dormant in the soil for about thirty years or until it is stimulated to germinate by a susceptible host.
		Fusarium oxysporum may be the new biological weapon of choice for the United States’ war on drugs.
	sciweb.nybg.org /science2/hcol/fusarium.asp (629 words)

	Toxigenic Fusarium Species: Identity & Mycotoxicology
		Fusarium oxysporum causes surface rot of sweet potato tubers and has been found to be one of the agents that induces high concentrations (350 to 9,480 p.g/g) of ipomeamarone in infected sweet potato tissue, but not in surrounding healthy tissue (Martin et al., 1976).
		oxysporum "niveum" Melon-1 as a degenerate strain of F. sporotrichioides (Strain 4.11) and this strain is consequently excluded from F.
		oxysporum had been found to produce zearalenone in their laboratory, but gave no indication of the number of strains that had been found to be positive or of the levels produced.
	www.narconews.com /~myco/Mycoherbicide.info/HEALTH/Toxicity/Marasas_et_alia/index.htm (4406 words)

	Co-operative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Protection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Fusarium wilt of cotton has emerged as a major threat to cotton production since it was first recorded in Australia in 1993.
		Fusarium wilt of banana is a significant problem to the Australian banana industry.
		Isolation of tomato genes for resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
	www.tpp.uq.edu.au /disease/fusarium.htm (519 words)

	Native Fusarium and Cotton in Australia
		Fusarium species were found in 31 stems (3%), these were isolated and identified using morphological features.
		From the data gathered in the project it can be concluded that the Fusarium strains isolated from native cotton plants are able to infect cultivated cotton, indeed strains similar to FsGp1 have already been isolated from cultivated cotton by A.
		The Fusarium strains tested need some form of wounding in order to infect plants as they are unable to enter via roots.
	www.anbg.gov.au /cpbr/summer-scholarship/2003-projects/davidson-fusarium.html (946 words)

	Fusarium and Verticillium Wilts of Tomato, Potato, Pepper, and Eggplant, HYG-3122-96
		Fusarium and Verticillium wilts are rarely significant in field grown tomatoes due to the widespread incorporation in tomato cultivars of genes for resistance to the pathogen.
		Fusarium wilt in solanaceous crops is caused by several different types of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum.
		Because Fusarium and Verticillium fungi are widespread and persist several years in soil, a long crop rotation (4 to 6 years) is necessary to reduce populations of these fungi.
	ohioline.osu.edu /hyg-fact/3000/3122.html (1060 words)

	PEA FUSARIUM WILT
		Fusarium root rot is the predominant root disease in western Canada.
		Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, infects through the roots and penetrates into the vascular system, with few symptoms on the root surface.
		Fusarium form resting structures called chlamydospores and Rhizoctonia solani survives in the soil as thick-walled mycelium.
	paridss.usask.ca /specialcrop/pulse_diseases/pea/fusarium.html (792 words)

	Essays - Northeast Ohio Group - Ohio Chapter - Sierra Club
		Although Fusarium fumigation is touted by herbicidal suppliers and the U.S. Department of State as an economically efficient and environmentally sound method of combating drugs, the reality of Fusarium usage conflicts sharply with any claims of its safety and effectiveness.
		The U.S. government first became interested in Fusarium in the 1960s after the fungus was found to be the causative factor of a blight that destroyed coca populations in Hawaii.
		Fusarium produces numerous toxins (Fumosin B1, Nivalenol, Fusariotoxin, etc...) that are associated with fever, nausea, vomiting, and even cancer in lab animals and humans.
	ohio.sierraclub.org /northeast/essays.asp?rl=es051112&DocID=ORF2002_3 (816 words)

	American Floral Endowment - Biology, Epidemiology and Integrated Management Of Disease Caused By Fusarium Inpotted ...
		Fusarium wilt of cyclamen caused by F. oxysporum is highly destructive and economically limiting to the production of quality cyclamens, and its incidence has steadily increased in production facilities across the US.
		A number of the Florida isolates of F. oxysporum from lisianthus were associated with fungus gnats (Bradysia sp.) suggesting the existence of a vector relationship similar to that which we previously observed between F. avenaceum and fungus gnats.
		Fusarium incidence was significantly reduced compared to both the nontreated control and hot water alone by thiophanate methyl+chlorothalonil and ammonium sulfate.
	endowment.org /archives/2000/06/biology-epidemiology-and-integrated-management-of-disease-caused-by-fusarium-inpotted-ornamentals (1646 words)

	TOXICITY: Fusarium-INFECTED HUMANS
		The literature regarding human Fusarium oxysporum infections is worthy of consideration by those who would wish to use this mycotoxin, even in non-wartime applications.
		Fusarium peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis A García-Tapia, E Aznar, P García-Martos, P Marin, A Marquez, C Lozano, J Mira.
		Catheter-related Fusarium solani fungemia and pulmonary infection in a patient with leukemia in remission.
	www.narconews.com /~myco/Mycoherbicide.info/HEALTH/Toxicity/HumanToxicityofFungus/toxicity_in_humans.htm (832 words)

	Wilt of Radish in Washington State
		oxysporum, symptoms of wilt were observed on all inoculated seedlings, but not on control seedlings nor on seedlings inoculated with the bean isolate of F.
		Fusarium oxysporum was reisolated onto acidified PDA from roots inoculated with the radish isolates of F.
		Symptoms of Fusarium wilt on radish plants inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum isolated from a radish seed crop.
	www.plantmanagementnetwork.org /pub/php/brief/2003/radish (866 words)

	Mold Growth After Flooding Poses Health Hazard: Fusarium Infections in Critically Ill Patients
		Fusarium hyphae are subsequently destroyed extracellularly by the oxidative cytotoxic mechanisms of neutrophils.
		For example, Fusarium infections in solid-organ transplant recipients tend to remain localized, occur late in the posttransplant period (>9 months), and have a better outcome when compared with infections in allogeneic BMT recipients with graft-versus-host disease, which are characteristically disseminated and frequently fatal.
		In contrast with Fusarium infections in normal hosts, which are typically localized (e.g., skin and eye infections and osteomyelitis) and frequently do not require systemic therapy, fusariosis in profoundly immunocompromised patients manifests in four major patterns: refractory fever of unknown origin, sinopulmonary infection or pneumonia, disseminated infection, and a variety of focal single-organ infections.
	www.imakenews.com /pureaircontrols/e_article000328271.cfm?x=b11,0,w (6679 words)

	Fusarium Yellows of Sugarbeet
		Fusarium yellows of sugarbeet was identified in the Red River Valley in a few fields located between Moorhead, Minnesota and Drayton, North Dakota in 2002.
		Fusarium yellows is caused by the fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f.
		Fusarium yellows first appears on older leaves as chlorosis (yellowing) between the larger veins.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/plantsci/rowcrops/pp1247w.htm (632 words)

	Fusarium and Verticillium Wilt of Tomato
		Fusarium wilt, the most prevalent of the two diseases, in Kansas generally occurs in midsummer when air and soil temperatures are high.
		Symptoms of this disease are similar to Fusarium wilt.
		Infection and disease development in Fusarium wilt are favored by warm soil temperatures (80° F) and low soil moisture, while Verticillium wilt develops best at relatively cool (55-75 F) soil temperatures.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /dp_hfrr/extensn/problems/tomwilt.htm (497 words)

	Fusarium Wilt of Canary Island Date Palm
		The disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.
		The name "Fusarium wilt of Canary Island date palm" was given to this disease to distinguish it from two other Fusarium wilt diseases that occur on palms, which are also very host specific.
		Fusarium wilt of Canary Island date palm is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /PP139 (2997 words)

	[No title]
		Fusarium wilt in lisianthus, and that Florida isolates of the fungus are slightly pathogenic,
		Although Fusarium is commonly isolated from plant tissue, it may or may not be involved with a specific disease.
		Fusarium species cause some of the most common, difficult-to-control, and economically important diseases in potted and field-grown ornamental in the US and world-wide.
	www.endowment.org /projects/2000/mcgovern2001.htm (1503 words)

	IPM: Disease Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Fusarium wilt can be caused by several different strains of Fusarium oxysporum.
		oxysporum can survive in the soil for 10 to 12 years, so any rotatio n must be long-term.
		Each Fusarium wilt fungus strain is very host specific, however, making it possible to rotate tomatoes with watermelons.
	www.cals.ncsu.edu /sustainable/peet/IPM/diseases/fusarium.html (318 words)

	Seed Transmission of F. oxysporum in Naranjilla in Ecuador
		Fusarium oxysporum (1) was isolated from all tissue sections.
		Fusarium oxysporum was recovered from 90% of the seeds collected from infected plants (Fig.
		oxysporum was isolated from discolored vascular tissue of all diseased plants as previously described.
	www.plantmanagementnetwork.org /pub/php/brief/naranjillavw (724 words)

	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum
		Watermelons are susceptible to Fusarium wilt at all growing stages.
		Fusarium lives from season to season on decaying organic matter and is able to survive in the soil for as long as 16 years, though its abundance declines over time.
		Fusarium is a soilborne fungus with races 1 and 2 capable of being seedborne also.
	www.extento.hawaii.edu /kbase/crop/Type/f_oxy2.htm (730 words)

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