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Topic: Fusion rocket

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	Fusion rocket - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In addition, a fusion rocket may produce less radiation than a fission rocket, reducing the mass needed for shielding.
		A small pellet of fusion fuel (with a diameter of a couple of millimeters) would be ignited by an electron beam or a laser.
		In principle, the Helium-3-Deuterium reaction or an aneutronic fusion reaction could be used to maximize the energy in charged particles and to minimize radiation, but it is highly questionable whether it is technically feasible to use these reactions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fusion_rocket (643 words)

	Fusion rocket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A fusion rocket is a rocket that uses a fusion reaction to power it.
		The advantage over a fission rocket is that less radiation is produced (depending on the fusion reaction), which requires less shielding, and that there is greater energy density in the fuel.
		A small pellet of fusion fuel (with a diameter of a couple of millimeters) would be ignited by an electron beam, a laser or even a tiny amount of antimatter.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Fusion_rocket.html (904 words)

	Fusion drive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Fusion rockets are huge and heavy devices, but, in systems where amat is scarce or unavailable, especially out on the periphery and among some luddite groups, they are the only drive systems that give enough Δv for truly practical for System-wide operations.
		The standard fusion rocket uses the D-3He fuel cycle, with bucking coils to extract a magnetic flux tube from a toroidal magnetic fusion reactor and exhaust the thrust.
		Since the fusion reactions listed above, release all their energy in the kinetic energy of their exaust particals; the most direct way to power a rocket is to use these particles directly as a fusion rocket exaust stream.
	www.orionsarm.com /ships/fusion.htm (1065 words)

	ipedia.com: Fusion power Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Fusion advocates would counter that it is very difficult to predict these future costs, especially as they depend upon political climates which would set regulatory standards, as was a large source of the rising price of fission power, for instance.
		Theoretically, one could use existing large fusion bombs as a source of power by detonating them deep underground and then using the resulting heated cavern as a source of geothermal energy, but such a power plant is unlikely to ever be constructed for a variety of reasons.
		Fusion systems are typically classified by the type of "confinement" system they used to handle the hot plasma that is the result of a fusion reaction.
	www.ipedia.com /fusion_power.html (2220 words)

	Article: The Nuclear Space Age (part 2 of 2), by Paul Lucas
		Fusion rockets may also take advantage of muon-catalyzed fusion, where the orbital electron of hydrogen fuels is replaced with a muon.
		One of the main drawbacks of fusion rockets is that the fusion reaction always produces radiation (in addition to the stray neutrons in DT fusion), requiring heavy shielding for the crew.
		A hybrid plasma/fusion rocket would have a dynamically controlled thrust system, where the magnetic fields and/or catalyzing reaction are easily adjustable so the same engine can function as both a plasma or a fusion rocket, depending on circumstances.
	www.strangehorizons.com /2004/20040119/nuclear.shtml (3541 words)

	Design Sequence: Drives
		The thrust per unit mass of a fission rocket system is much greater than that of a fusion rocket, so fission thermal rockets are also useful for long-range missile systems and fighter spacecraft.
		MW Fission rockets are thermal rockets that function by heating a working fluid with the thermal output of a nuclear fission reactor.
		Fusion rockets are huge and heavy devices, but they are the only drive systems that give enough Δv for truly practical for System-wide operations.
	www.theculture.org /adastra/techref/design/Drives.html (624 words)

	Fusion rocket -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A fusion rocket is a (A jet engine containing its own propellant and driven by reaction propulsion) rocket that uses a (A nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy) fusion reaction to power it.
		There is currently no known method of producing a self-sustaining artificial fusion reaction, although the theoretical power can be calculated, and the nuclear reaction has been verified in laboratory experiments and (A weapon of mass destruction whose explosive power derives from a nuclear reaction) nuclear weapons.
		One would mirror a terrestrial fusion reactor like a (A doughnut-shaped chamber used in fusion research; a plasma is heated and confined in a magnetic bottle) tokamak.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fu/fusion_rocket.htm (719 words)

	Articles - Spacecraft propulsion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The speed ratio of a rocket nozzle is mostly determined by its area expansion ratioâ€”the ratio of the area of the throat to the area at the exit.
		Rockets can use ablative materials that erode in a controlled fashion, or very high temperature materials, such as graphite, ceramics or certain exotic metals.
		Rockets emitting plasma can potentially carry out reactions inside a magnetic bottle and release the plasma via a magnetic nozzle, so that no solid matter need come in contact with the plasma.
	www.x-moto.net /articles/Rocket_engine (3033 words)

	Reaching For The Stars: Scientists Examine Using Antimatter And Fusion To Propel Future Spacecraft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A schematic of the heart of a Penning trap where a cloud of antiprotons (the fuzzy bluish spot) is kept cold and quiet by liquid nitrogen and helium and a stable magnetic field.
		While true antimatter and true fusion propulsion will remain the "rockets of the future" for some time, a hybrid of the two might work in the near term.
		Like all other forms of rocket propulsion, it's a sort of battery in which energy is expended to provide a large quantity in a tiny space, available on demand.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-04/NSFC-RFTS-120499.php (1887 words)

	SPACE.com -- NASA constructs small-scale fusion reactor in what may be the first step towards building fusion rocket ...
		The Gas Dynamic Mirror (GDM) Fusion Propulsion Experiment is one of several advanced ideas -- ranging from demonstrated to way out -- that NASA is investigating in its constant battle to more efficiently break free of Earth's gravitational grip.
		Fusion propulsion was the subject of one of several sessions at the 36th annual Joint Propulsion Conference held this week in Huntsville, Alabama.
		"Fusion is a little bit down the road," explained Terry Kammash, a professor of engineering at the University of Michigan who proposed the GDM experiments.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/launches/fusion_rockets_000719.html (1272 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Fusion Propulsion Will Work"
		Fusion reactions release an enormous amount of energy, which is why researchers are devising ways to harness that energy into a propulsion system.
		A fusion drive could have a specific impulse about 300 times greater than conventional chemical rocket engines.
		A typical chemical rocket engine has a specific impulse of about 450 seconds, which means that the engine can produce 1 pound of thrust from 1 pound of fuel for 450 seconds.
	science.howstuffworks.com /fusion-propulsion2.htm (853 words)

	Jupiter
		Well the rocket engine is measured by it's specific impulse is a type of units, meaning thrust per the units of propellant consumes over time.
		If the fusion drive is about 300 times greater, it's like multiplying a typical rocket is about 450 seconds, means that the engine of the chemical rocket would produce 1 pound of the thrust from 1 pound of fuel for exactly 450 seconds.
		The fusion rocket used the hydrogen as a propellant, the propellant would be able to replenist itself to travel through space.
	jupitertravel.blogdrive.com (1273 words)

	Interstellar Rocketry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The straight proton-proton fusion reaction has a negligibly small reaction cross-section, and catalytic fusion reactions such as the carbon cycle are too slow to be useful for propulsion.
		In its basic configuration, it is a fusion rocket which enhances its performance by scooping the interstellar medium much like a Bussard Ramjet and uses the momentum and kinetic energy of the resulting mass flow to augment the performance of the fusion drives.
		Energy is transferred from the fusion drives to accelerate the external flow, decreasing the velocity of the internal flow in the process.
	www.scientium.com /diagon_alley/commentary/bowden_essays/startrip/starship/rockets.htm (2797 words)

	This is an affidavit presented in the Supreme Court at Canberra on the 30th August 02
		My copyrighted Fusion spacecraft rocket engine/reactor also includes within that copyright the altering and controlling of the speed of light that is relative to the density of nothing in 4 dimensions which is space.
		Then I called it a fusion rocket engine, but people and the military would think it was for launching missiles, so I had to describe it as a fusion spacecraft rocket engine and a reactor by modifications; else they'd think it was just an engine.
		My fusion fusion engine is also about desalinating sea water and pumping it inland at a cost far, far more cheaper than the conventional means that would be used; but the political, science, and Media establishments have obstructed my fusion engine for 10 years and still do.
	home.pacific.net.au /~t_rout/Plagiarized_copyright.htm (11244 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Nuclear fusion could power NASA spacecraft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		He predicts his fusion drive would be able to generate 300 times the thrust of any chemical rocket engine and use only a fraction of its fuel mass.
		At that temperature, the fusion reaction only generates neutrons, which are uncharged and therefore cannot be steered and fired through a magnetic jet nozzle.
		In a fusion drive, the fields at the end could easily be controlled to release the highly energetic alpha particles and propel the craft.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3294 (547 words)

	Somatic Cell Fusion during Sounding Rocket Flight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		As the timeline of the different types of membrane fusion processes determines whether an experiment can be flown in a µg period of several minutes, we have chosen cell fusion by electrofusion as a model system for the influence of µg on membrane fusion.
		The fusion indices of the ground controls, which were identical experiments in principle as the cells were fused at the ground site at exactly the same time as in CIS-3 during the µg period, differed more (0 min: 38.3%; 6 min: 31.6%) than the µg and launch control cultures.
		This value was corrected for the fusion index of the control preparations (without fusion) during µg (4.8%) and at 1 g at the ground control station (6.8%).
	esapub.esrin.esa.it /sp/sp1206/jongk.htm (1807 words)

	[No title]
		NASA is producing models of fusion rocket spacecraft with a specific impulse of 130,000--which of course doesn't mean that you could actually build one, even if you did have a fusion reactor, but at least it's encouraging.
		Fusion rockets generate more thrust, but most theoretical designs are even less feasible than ion drives (again because of fuel—actually, reaction mass).
		Sure--any interstellar spacecraft in the BP universe is going to use fusion rockets; the question is how efficient the rocket has to be and how you weight the reaction mass-travel time tradeoff.
	www.biohazardgames.com /board/10-23.txt (4245 words)

	Rockets in TNE
		Admittedly, a fusion rocket is pretty open-ended as far as performance, but I have seen studies that concluded that a fusion rocket could have an Isp in the range of 1,000,000 or more.
		Fusion rockets would certainly emit a lot of electromagnetic radiation, but it probably wouldn't be an EMP.
		The energy from the fusion rocket is output more gradually than from a nuclear explosion, so there would be a constant wash of radiation rather than a pulse.
	traveller.mu.org /house/thrusters.html (5225 words)

	Reaching for the Stars - Antimatter Explored (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		"From the NASA perspective, the challenge is to adapt fusion for space propulsion," said Dr. Francis Thio, a principal research scientist in the Propulsion Research Centre.
		"Magnetised Target Fusion is one of the major approaches that we are studying." NASA/Marshall is working with Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Air Force Research Laboratory to adapt MTF for propulsion.
		Instead, the IEC device uses a hollow cathode, and the natural charges of electrons and ions, to form virtual electrodes that confine ions in a spherical region at the centre of the 61 cm (2 ft) diameter IEC vacuum chamber.
	www.firstscience.com /site/articles/antimatter1.asp (1760 words)

	SPACE.com -- 'Desert Fusion' Rocket Experiment Guaranteed to Be a Blast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		On a barren, rocky plain with patches of scrub brush, booster rockets like those that lift the space shuttle into orbit are tested on the ground by a company named Thiokol Propulsion.
		The blast is deafening, heard and felt for miles around, spraying rocks and debris hundreds of feet and scouring the earth with such force that in past tests unsuspecting deer roaming the hillsides half a mile away have been found pelted to death, fur blasted off.
		Now scientists are preparing to use the next rocket firing for a scientific and educational -- as well as aesthetic -- end.
	www.space.com /news/thiokol_kids_000114.html (663 words)

	Unified Earth Space Council Network: Chapter 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It is powered by one or two C cells (for radar, brain, sensors, and communications) and a tank of water (for the internal fusion reactor that powers the rockets).
		Fusion rockets provide their own power, and take fuel from a self-sealing fuel tank with 390 gallons water (3,705 lbs., 58.5 cf, $15,600, no fire danger, 0 points).
		Fusion rockets provide their own power, and take fuel from a self-sealing fuel tank with 450 gallons water (4,275 lbs., 67.5 cf, $18,000, no fire danger, 0 points).
	www.stanford.edu /~maxe/rpg/marathon/chapter7.html (8066 words)

	Alien-UFOs.com Network Forum - Mars Fusion Rocket
		Assuming someone had a working fusion reactor, the first port of call would not be a Mars rocket.
		In the 1970s there was a proposal for a fusion rocket and scientists said it would really work.
		There's a fission rocket that was being worked on in secret during the 1940s and 1950s that was supposed to send crews as far as Saturn...
	www.alien-ufos.com /forum/showthread.php?t=4688 (902 words)

	Fusion drive
		Summary: The Fusion drive uses heat from a fusion reactor to heat and eject the fuel.
		Fusion rockets are huge and heavy devices, but, in systems where amat is scarce or unavailable, they are the only drive systems that give enough Δv for truly practical for System-wide operations.
		There were many technical difficulties to be overcome, especially involving magnetic field strength and the size and weight of the coils, and this engine only became practical with the invention of lightweright supercompact fusion reactors during the mid 2nd century.
	www.orionsarm.com /ships/fusion.html (500 words)

	24hrGamers.com > Cheat Codes for Red Faction - Printable Version
		Use the rocket launcher on the four corners to find health, enviorsuits, a fusionrocket, a flame thrower, and a rail driver.
		Use them to kill the turrets and the fusion rocket carrying guard on the other side of the large rock by the grenades.
		If done correctly, the enemy will be running into the enemy base, the rocket will not be going at a steep enough angle, and it will hit the ground creating a hole.
	www.24hrgamers.com /codes.ht/5517/printable.htm (3122 words)

	Far out propulsion conference blasts off
		Basic research on fusion rocket technology is one of several topics for this week's workshop.
		In a sense, rockets are batteries comprising chemicals that have been prepared and stored so they hold a tremendous amount of potential energy.
		Controlled fusion - combining the nuclei of two lightweight atoms and reaping energy from the process - has eluded the best efforts of scientists and engineers since an early attempt in the late 1930s.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/prop06apr99_1a.htm (1650 words)

	Impulse Engines
		The standard Impulse fusion reactor as used in the Galaxy class Starship is a sphere six meters in diameter, constructed of dispersion-strengthened hafnium excelinide.
		Under the Einsteinian physics which holds true for objects at sub-warp velocities it is virtually impossible for a simple fusion rocket to deliver sufficient energy to accelerate a spacecraft to near light speed - the fuel requirements rapidly increase to the point where the large majority of the vessel would be dedicated to fuel tankage.
		If the coil itself is not engaged, the Impulse Engine reverts to behaving like a simple Newtonian fusion rocket with a performance thousands of times less than its normal capabilities.
	www.geocities.com /tkasay/Engineering/impulse.htm (856 words)

	Why Interstellar Travel by Physics Based Technology is Unlikely
		The fastest possible rocket would be a fusion rocket, which would combine matter and anti-matter.
		The limiting factor on any kind of rocket (impulse power to Trekkies) is a law of vanishing returns, not Einstein's speed limit.
		No one is much interested in "space exploration" where a single round-trip voyage would take 200 years (at near the speed of light) or 2000 years with the 0.1C fusion rocket.
	members.aol.com /Miletus1/notphy.htm (1758 words)

	Red Faction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In the lobby, as you go up any ramp, blow a hole in the wall with a rocket launcher wherever there is writing on the wall.
		There is a railgun and fusion rocket launcher up there.
		You might have to widen it, but in the hole is the Fusion Rocket Launcher.
	home19.inet.tele.dk /gokssite/Playstation2/Pg001054.html (4373 words)

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