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Topic: GABA

	GABA - Supplements
		GABA is synthesized in the brain from another amino acid, glutamate, and functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter — meaning that it blocks nerve impulses.
		In the body, GABA is concentrated in the hypothalamus region of the brain and is known to play a role in the overall functioning of the pituitary gland — which regulates growth hormone synthesis, sleep cycles, and body temperature.
		GABA and GHB appear to be readily interconvertible in the brain and a number of chemically related compounds, such as GBL (gamma-butyrolactone), BD (1,4-butanediol) and furanone (2,3H-furanone di-hydro) are rapidly converted in the body into GHB.
	www.supplementwatch.com /supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=132 (1053 words)

	GABA
		GABA's presumed absence in invertebrates was contradicted by the discovery that it was found to be highly concentrated in inhibitory motor neurons of Ascaris (Guastella et al., 1991; Johnson and Stretton, 1987) and crayfish (Kravitz et al., 1963).
		GABA is synthesized in the cytoplasm of the neuron by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) encoded by the unc-25 gene.
		Bamber, B.A., Richmond, J.E., Otto, J.F., and Jorgensen, E.M. The composition of the GABA receptor at the Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junction.
	www.wormbook.org /chapters/www_gaba/gaba.html (5636 words)

	GABA
		GABA is an all natural anti-anxiety supplement that allows the mind to relax without causing the side effects associated with tranquilizers.
		GABA doesn't cause drowsiness, decreased mental acquity, or feeling "out of it," Instead GABA tones down unwanted "mind chatter," which increases a person's ability to concentrate or simply relax.
		GABA is an important neurotransmitter involved in regulating moods and mental clarity.
	store.drmurphreestore.com /gaba.html (132 words)

	GABA 100g powder - neurotransmitter supplement for anxiety
		GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, helping neurons stay selective about the signals to which they respond and helping produce a state of relaxation.
		Under the same experimental conditions, GABA in a dose of 10 mg/kg (intravenously) caused no change in cerebral blood flow, and only when given in a dose of 300 mg/kg did it increase blood flow, with the effect lasting three to five minutes.
		In confirmation of this hypothesis, scientists who studied the effect of GABA derivatives on the development of toxic (nicotinic) cerebral edema (fluid on the brain), showed that Picamilon in a dose of 500 mg/kg, injected 30 minutes before nicotine (40 mcg/kg), prevented the development of edema.
	www.health-marketplace.com /GABA.htm (1987 words)

	Webvision: GABAc Receptors. by Haohua Qian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The inhibitory action of GABA is mediated by the receptors present on the cell membrane, and results in a reduction of neuronal excitablity.
		For example, the GABA elicited response on white perch rod-driven horizontal cells are virtually identical in the presence or absence of either diazepam or pentobarbital (Qian and Dowling, 1993).
		Enz, R., Brandstätter, J.H., Hartveit, E., Wässle, H. and Bormann, J. (1995) Expression of GABA receptor rho 1 and rho 2 subunits in the retina and brain of the rat.
	webvision.med.utah.edu /GABA-C.htm (4181 words)

	GABA
		GABA, Gamma Amino Butyric Acid, is an amino acid that functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
		AST Research reports that GABA, L-Glutamine and L-Arginine are the most effective HGH secretagogues.
		GABA has a dramatic effect on deep sleep.
	www.csmngt.com /gaba.htm (162 words)

	GABA
		GABA is an abbreviation for the nonessential amino, Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid.
		GABA is found in several food sources, with the highest concentrations being in fish (esp. mackerel) and wheat bran.
		GABA may ultimately help to compensate for deficiencies in the brain from those individuals suffering from this condition, while tranquilizing persons who have activities of manic behavior and acute agitation.
	www.supplementnews.org /gaba/index.htm (945 words)

	Gamma-aminobutyric acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		GABA acts by binding to specific receptors in the plasma membrane of both pre- and postsynaptic neurons.
		GABA exhibits excitatory actions in insects, mediating muscle activation at synapses between nerves and muscle cells and also the stimulation of certain glands.
		Organisms synthesize GABA from glutamate using the enzyme L-glutamic acid decarboxylase and pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/GABA (379 words)

	GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) Information
		GABA is a natural calming and anti-epileptic agent in the brain that is manufactured from the amino acid glutamine and glucose.
		Since GABA does not cross the blood-brain barrier very well (i.e., it cannot be transported efficiently into the brain from the bloodstream), virtually all of the GABA found in the brain is manufactured there.
		GABA is found as a nutritional supplement, primarily in capsules and tablets.
	www.evitamins.com /healthnotes.asp?ContentID=2849009 (423 words)

	GABA
		Finally, research has demonstrated GABA to be a very effective analgesic, eliminating pain from chronic conditions such as arthritis and lower back pain.
		There are no negative side effects possible with the use of GABA, however, some beginning users report mild tingling about the face and neck as well as a brief but noticeable change in heart rates or breathing patterns.
		If GABA is being used for pain or any of it's other positive benefits it may be taken anytime throughout the day or night.
	www.betterbodz.com /library/gaba2.html (575 words)

	GABA
		GABA fills the receptor in the brain and feeds the brain what should be there.
		Pure GABA dissolves in water; it is tasteless, odourless, and the calming results occur within 10 to 12 minutes.
		GABA, glutamine and glycine are vital for energy and the smooth running of the brain functions.
	www.internalhealth.com /gaba.htm (402 words)

	GABA in plants
		In plants, research on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has focused on its role as a metabolite, mainly in the context of responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
		By contrast, studies of GABA in vertebrates have concentrated mainly on its role as a neurotransmitter and signaling molecule.
		The pathway is composed of the cytosolic enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), and the mitochondrial enzymes GABA transaminase (GABA-T), and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH).
	homepage.mac.com /nicolasbouche/GABA (128 words)

	All about GABA LINK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		When GABA is in the normal range in the brain, we are not overly aroused or anxious.
		GABA is the communication speed controller, making sure all brain communications are operating at the right speed and with the correct intensity.
		Excessive intake of benzodiazepines and/or alcohol is extremely dangerous as the high GABA level actually smothers the communication between brain neurons — sometimes to the point of a total lack of communication between neurons — also known as death.
	www.rxlist.com /rxboard/ultram.pl?noframes;read=2704 (1541 words)

	Society for Neuroscience \| Epilepsy and GABA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		GABA is the most common message-altering neurotransmitter in the brain.
		If a sufficient amount of GABA is lacking, however, the system goes out of whack, and tens of thousands of neurons send messages rapidly, intensely and simultaneously, resulting in a seizure.
		When there is not enough GABA a person can have a seizure because receiving neurons can be flooded with signals that say "pass on this message." The "go" messages are triggered by a different type of neurotransmitter that promotes message transfer (B).
	www.sfn.org /index.cfm?pagename=brainBriefings_epilepsyAndGABA (789 words)

	AST GABA
		GABA, Gamma Aminobutyric Acid, is an amino acid classified as a neurotransmitter (A neurotransmitter is a substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse.
		GABA's high concentration in the hypothalamus suggests this amino acid plays a significant role in hypothalamic-pituitary function.
		The hypothalamus is a region of the posterior section of the brain and is the regulating center for visceral (instinctive) functions such as sleep cycles, body temperature, and the activity of the pituitary gland.
	www.illpumpyouup.com /ast/gaba.htm (301 words)

	Old age's mental slowdown may be reversible - 01 May 2003 - New Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The reason GABA is so important in the brain is that it works as a "gating" mechanism, explains Leventhal.
		When GABA and a GABA-enhancing drug were delivered to the brain cells, the team saw an improvement in the selectivity of neurons in the older animals within a couple of minutes.
		The team is now exploring the effects of GABA further and has filed patent applications for this new role of GABA-enhancing drugs in humans.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3686 (664 words)

	GABA
		GABA is made in brain cells from glutamate, and functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter — meaning that it blocks nerve impulses.
		GABA may cause sleepiness, that is if it works: Do not operate or drive heavy machinery while taking GABA, at least until you know what effect it has on you.
		Although small amounts of orally taken GABA may reach the brain and have a tranquilizing effect in certain individuals, there are many other alternatives which have both a longer history of safe use and better research support for their use.
	www.denvernaturopathic.com /news/GABA.html (4241 words)

	GABA receptor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has long been recognized that the fast response of neurons to GABA that is blocked by bicuculline and picrotoxin is due to direct activation of an anion channel.
		In studies focused on the control of neurotransmitter release, it was noted that a GABA receptor was responsible for modulating evoked release in a variety of isolated tissue preparations.
		This ability of GABA to inhibit neurotransmitter release from these preparations was not blocked by bicuculline, was not mimicked by isoguvacine, and was not dependent on Cl–, all of which are characteristic of the GABA
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/GABA_receptor (844 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - AST GABA - Growth Hormone Potentiator! On sale now!
		Warnings: GABA is a naturally occuring amino acid classified as a neurotransmitter.
		GABA is without a doubt the most underrated supplement you'll find.
		GABA's effect on growth hormone appears to be greatest after 90 minutes of taking it.
	www.bodybuilding.com /store/ast/gaba.html (1225 words)

	GABA Receptor Physiology and Pharmacology
		Because GABA is widely distributed and utilized throughout the CNS, early GABAergic drugs had very generalized effects on CNS function.
		An increase in the concentration of GABA results in an increase in the mean channel open time due to opening of doubly liganded receptor forms, which exhibit open states of long duration.
		Measurements of mean channel open times show that barbiturates act by increasing the proportion of channels opening to the longest open state (9 msec) while reducing the proportion opening to the shorter open states (1 and 3 msec), resulting in an overall increase in mean channel open time and Cl flux [ 8].
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?rid=bnchm.section.1181 (1592 words)

	THE ROLE OF GABA IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF ANXIETY
		-amino-butyric acid (GABA), along with serotonin and norepinephrine, is one of several neurotransmitters that appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety and mood disorders.
		GABA-A receptors are coupled to chloride ion channels; activation of the receptor induces increased inward chloride ion flux, resulting in membrane hyperpolarization and neuronal inhibition.
		Enhancement of GABA function can theoretically be effected through several mechanisms, including direct receptor agonism (benzodiazepines), inhibition of the extraneuronal enzymatic breakdown of GABA (vigabatrin), modulation of GABA-coupled ion channels (topiramate), and inhibition of the reuptake of synaptic GABA by neurons and glial cells (tiagabine).
	www.vcu-cme.org /gaba/overview.html (1335 words)

	GABA : by Ray Sahelian, M.D., GABA Research Update, GABA for Anxiety
		GABA is available as a supplement in vitamin stores, but taking it in pill form is not always an effective way to raise brain levels of this neurotransmitter because GABA cannot easily cross the blood-brain barrier.
		GABA at relatively low concentrations down-regulated effector T cell responses to beta cell Ags ex vivo, and administration of GABA retarded the adoptive transfer of type 1 diabetes in mice.
		A hypothesis is proposed that GABA ergic interactions with the brain stress neurotransmitter corticotropin-releasing factor in specific elements of the extended amygdala may be an important component for the motivation for excessive drinking associated with the transition from social drinking to addiction.
	www.raysahelian.com /gaba.html (3063 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - GABA Information and Product Listing! GABA FAQ!
		GABA, or Gamma-Aminobutryic Acid, is a powerful amino acid that was first discovered in 1883 in Berlin.
		GABA has a great number of positive effects on the nervous system.
		If GABA is being taken for fat loss, it's best to take it about 2 hours before going to bed, since that is when production of HGH is the best.
	www.bodybuilding.com /store/gaba.html (283 words)

	Moderex GABA Helpful For GABA
		The most important of all the "sedentary" chemicals, as far as sleep is concerned, is GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid).
		GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) - is an amino acid involved in calming neurotransmitter activity in the brain.
		Studies suggest that GABA supplementation relieves stress and anxiety, and calms the mind and body.
	www.progressivehealth.com /catalog/displayitem.asp?Product=9 (1495 words)

	GABA
		GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) is a non-essential amino acid found mainly in the human brain and eyes.
		It is considered an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which means it regulates brain and nerve cell activity by inhibiting the number of neurons firing in the brain.
		GABA is referred to as the brain's natural calming agent.
	www.nourishingfoods.com /GABA.html (191 words)

	Supplements A to Z - Real Muscle Building and Fitness SOLUTIONS
		GABA is an amino acid that appears to stimulate the release of dopamine in the brain.
		Timing: GABA is often used before going to sleep at night and again in the morning on an empty stomach.
		GABA has an ability to exert a relaxing effect on the mind and body—it won't knock you out, but it can be beneficial for healthy sleep patterns and encourage your body to recover after intense exercise.
	www.realsolutionsmag.com /supplements/supplements.aspx?nid=151 (462 words)

	Gaba \| Imgenex
		GABA, gamma-amino butyric acid, is an important amino acid-based signaling molecule in basic neuronal pathways, and acts as the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
		GABA is removed from the extracellular space by plasma membrane GABA transporters (GATs).
		All five of these molecules may be good drug therapy targets, but both the synthesis enzymes and the GABA receptors are particularly attractive, due to the potential for increased synthesis or signal transduction with modification pf the proteins or through interaction with bio-functional antibodies.
	www.imgenex.com /gaba.php (435 words)

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