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	GIUK gap Information
		The GIUK gap is an area in the northern Atlantic Ocean that forms a naval warfare chokepoint.
		The GIUK gap is particularly important to the Royal Navy, as any attempt by northern European forces to break into the open Atlantic would have to do so either through the easily defended English Channel or through one of the exits on either side of Iceland.
		During World War II the gap was used by German ships to break out from their bases in northern Germany and Norway in an attempt to attack convoys, but these actions were generally unsuccessful due to blocking efforts in the North Sea and the GIUK gap.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/GIUK_gap (468 words)

	GIUK gap - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The GIUK gap is particularly important to the Royal Navy, as any attempt by northern European forces to break into the open Atlantic would have to do so either through the easily defended English Channel or through one of the exits on either side of Iceland.
		During World War II the gap was used by German ships to break out from their bases in northern Germany and Norway in an attempt to attack convoys, but these actions were generally unsuccessful due to blocking efforts in the North Sea and the GIUK gap.
		The gap again became the center of naval planning in the 1950s, as it would be the only available outlet into the ocean for Soviet submarines operating from their bases on the Kola Peninsula.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/GIUK_gap (457 words)

	GIUK gap - Free net encyclopedia
		Image:Guik gap.gifThe GIUK gap is an area in the northern Atlantic Ocean that forms a naval warfare chokepoint.
		Only France and Portugal had direct access to the ocean in a way that could not be easily blocked at a choke point by the Royal Navy.
		Between 1940 and 1942 the area between Iceland and Greenland was one of the few areas that RAF patrol bombers couldn't reach, and thus became the center for considerable action.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/GIUK_gap (491 words)

	GIUK gap (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The GIUK gap is particularly important to Royal Navy as any attempt by northern European to break into the open Atlantic would to do so either through the easily English Channel the Straits of Gibraltar past British shore guns or through of the exits on either side of Iceland.
		During World War II the gap was used by German to break out from their bases in Germany and Norway in an attempt to attack convoys but these actions were generally unsuccessful to blocking efforts in the North Sea and the GIUK gap.
		The gap again became the center of planning in the 1950s as it would be the only outlet into the ocean for Soviet submarines operating from their bases on Kola Peninsula.
	www.freeglossary.com /GIUK_gap (527 words)

	The Situation In The Norwegian Sea Today
		However, for this fleet to reach the Atlantic Ocean it must transit the Norwegian Sea and the GIUK gap.
		As a result, this made the Norwegian Sea and the GIUK gap less and less important for the Soviet submarines.
		In this regard, the Norwegian sea and the GIUK gap lose their importance as an operation and transit area.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1989/TOF.htm (4660 words)

	Sub-Hunting with the RAF and Royal Navy
		The Soviet Navy's main access to the NATO transatlantic lifeline was from their bases in the Baltic, Black Sea and the Arctic through a series of geographical chokepoints where the NATO navies would be waiting to pounce.
		The most northerly route, and the one which the UK was principal defendant of, was the Greenland-Iceland-Uk gap, the 185 miles wide Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland and the 500 miles of sea between Iceland, the Faeroe Islands and Britain.
		Even in peacetime, the aircraft of Coastal patrolled the GIUK gap and later Strike Command and the movement of every Soviet vessel carefully monitored and plotted.
	www.britains-smallwars.com /Cold-war/asw.htm (731 words)

	Harpoon HeadQuarters » WW3 - 1985 (30)
		The war is a few hours old and Soviet submarines repositioned prior to the commencement of hostilities are now wreaking havoc in the Greenland - Iceland - United Kingdom (GIUK) gap.
		But before the carrier sails through the GIUK gap, putting her strike aircraft out of range of Soviet targets, the battle group will risk a handful more strikes designed to delay the expansion of the Soviet beachhead at Bodo in northern Norway.
		USS America and her battle group in the GIUK gap have been joined by three additional carrier battle groups.
	www.harpoonhq.com /?page_id=150 (2562 words)

	[No title]
		To the south, the GIUK Gap marked the second line of defense.
		After establishing sea control north of the GIUK gap, some air, surface, and submarine forces then moved south, apparently to simulate attacks on the North Atlantic convoy routes.}{\cs16\fs24\lang1033\super \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \pard\plain \s15\nowidctlpar\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\lang1044\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{ Sokolsky, }{\i\lang1033 Seapower in the Nuclear Age}{\lang1033, pp.
		If the GIUK was breached, the Chief of Naval Operations warned that the Soviets might be able to interdict the North American-European convoys.}{\cs16\fs24\lang1033\super \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \pard\plain \s15\nowidctlpar\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\lang1044\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{ }{\lang1033 Zumwalt, }{\i\lang1033 On Watch}{\lang1033, pp.
	www.luftfart.museum.no /Engelsk/Research/kaldkrig/Dokumentasjon/Allard.rtf (6677 words)

	Military & Aerospace Electronics - Commercial computer servers help Navy ply the ocean's depths for hostile ...
		The idea was to detect the sounds of submarines, approximate their positions by triangulating among several different SOSUS arrays, and then deploy submarines, surface ships, or submarine-hunting aircraft to pinpoint their locations and maintain contact.
		One primary goal of SOSUS was to develop the capability to alert Navy leaders when Soviet submarines were passing through the wide strait between Greenland, Iceland, and the United Kingdom—known as the GIUK gap—to identify Soviet submarines in transit between naval bases on the Barents Sea and the open Atlantic.
		GIUK gap — the strait between Greenland, Iceland, and the United Kingdom
	mae.pennnet.com /articles/article_display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&C=Feat&ARTICLE_ID=147007&KEYWORDS=TB-29&p=32 (3020 words)

	Article Page 2
		The "bomber gap" controversy was put to rest by 1957.
		This supposed "missile gap" became the primary concern in U.S. defense planning as well as in the American political arena.
		A third airborne early warning squadron, VW 13, was commissioned in 1958, and the Navy undertook a permanent shift of VW 11 and VW 13 to Argentia; VW 11 was the first to move, in 1958.
	www.aspen-ridge.net /DE_R_s/Article_Page_1/Article_Page_2/body_article_page_2.html (3340 words)

	The ACG/SZO Discussion Forums - AAR: WWIII in 1989 [The Wall] - The Surge [Spoiler] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		I realized that there were not enough ASW aircraft to patrol the gap properly.
		I do not know if the early version of the database meant that there were problems with the seeking abilities of the harpoon missiles but I fired hundreds with very few results.
		Even with the GIUK gap patrolled by stationary sub/surface units, I was unable to generate sufficent contacts for my ASW aircraft to pounce upon.
	www.strategyzoneonline.com /forums/archive/index.php/t-22513.html (659 words)

	Restricted Area
		Their new HQ was called the Northern Theater Command, which included just those assets from the Northern Fleet and Russia's national arsenals that were designated for the sneak attack into Norway and the Norwegian Sea.
		In the final weeks of Stage II, as the Russian sub fleet passed through the GIUK gap into the Atlantic, the BLUFOR team was moved once again to yet another command, the western Atlantic Command (WESTNAVFORLANT), a part of SACLANT.
		This headquarters was created to focus solely on convoy operations and sub-hunting, leaving their former command to the north on auto-pilot.
	www.tacopshq.com /MBX/Globalthunder/Restricted/MBXheadquarters.html (605 words)

	RE: Should the USA purchase Greenland?
		Of the major European nations, only France, Spain, and Portugal have direct access to the ocean in a way that cannot be easily blocked at a choke point by the Royal Navy.
		The United States and British based much of their post-war naval strategy on blocking the gap, eventually installing a chain of underwater listening posts right across it, known as SOSUS.
		Likewise, the Soviets planned to use the gap to intercept any NATO ships, especially aircraft carriers, heading towards the Soviet Union.
	forums.christianity.com /fb.aspx?m=2238978 (2130 words)

	History
		The better to utilize the Navy barrier patrol forces, plans were made to disestablish the Atlantic Barrier on 1 July 1961 and replace it with a Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom (GIUK) Early Warning Barrier.
		To control the new GIUK Barrier, COMBARFORLANT, at this time Rear Admiral Robert N. Moore, shifted his headquarters from Argentia to Keflavik, Iceland.
		A few days before the GIUK Barrier was to become operational, however, the Air Force notified the Navy that its new radar stations in Greenland were not ready and that the Atlantic Barrier would have to remain in operation for another month.
	www.ussmills.net /history3.htm (387 words)

	Ten Steps to Counter Moscow's Threat to Northern Europe
		The Greenland-Iceland United Kingdom gap forms the first line of defense for antisub marine warfare (ASW) against Soviet nuclear powered ballistic submarines SSBNs) leaving the Baltic and Barents seas.
		Con versely, the U.S. deploys a significant number of Poseidon and Trident submarines in the North Atlantic within striking range of Soviet targets; their continued safety hinges on NATO's ability to keep Soviet attack submarines from reaching the open ocean.
		Among them 1) Moscow is increasingly in a position to disrupt NATO anti-submarine,missions along the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom gap which impedes NATO's ability to monitor the movement of Soviet submarines into the' North Atlantic.
	www.heritage.org /Research/RussiaandEurasia/bg356.cfm (4682 words)

	Sandbaggers -- Kola Explained
		NATO doctrine was naturally to bottle up the massive Soviet Northern Fleet before that happened, that way troops in Europe could be re-supplied from Canada and the United States.
		In fact, in the August-September 1981 exercise, an armada of 83 US, British, Canadian, and Norwegian ships led by the carrier CVN Eisenhower managed to sail the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom (GIUK) Gap undetected, using carefully planned and rehearsed tactics.
		A combination of obvious if inconvenient passive measures like operating under electronic emissions control conditions and active measures like radar-jamming and transmission of false radar signals was used to hide the allied fleet.
	www.opsroom.org /pages/intelligence/kola.html (423 words)

	SimHQ Forums: Harpoon3 PlayersDB Scenarios on GameSquad.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The passages of the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom [GIUK] Gap remain an intense focal point even in time of peace.
		The GIUK Gap is THE single most significant choke point for Russian merchant and naval shipping.
		The choke-point nature of the geography dictates that the GIUK will remain a very busy place in terms of submarines and ASW operations with land-based aircraft playing a major role.
	www.simhq.com /forum/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=2214663&Main=10222 (1810 words)

	Guarding the Cold War Ramparts The U.S. Navy’s Role in Continental Air Defense
		This covered a portion of the approaches being guarded by the Atlantic Barrier, but there was still a gap between the DEW Line and Nato’s Allied Command Europe Early Warning System, the western end of which was in Scotland.
		The airborne patrol in the Greenland-Iceland gap was filled about 70 percent of the time, at random intervals; the airborne patrol in the Iceland-U.K. gap was filled all the time.
		For this reason, beginning in 1963 the WV-2s were fitted by the Martin Corporation with a sonobuoy launcher and Jezebel-type sonobuoy receiver, which gave them a modest ASW capability.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/airdef/art5-su9.htm (10692 words)

	Underwater Killers
		During the Cold War the Royal Navy's underwater hunter-killers were designed for one purpose alone; to hunt down and destroy enemy submarines and shipping while remaining undetected by the enemy.
		Further roles of the conventional and nuclear powered attack submarines are that of patrolling choke points such as the GIUK gap, maintaining the security of sea-lanes and inserting Special Forces teams onto enemy coastlines.
		The Royal Navy's first nuclear-powered submarine was HMS Dreadnought, which was followed by the Churchill/Valiant, Swiftsure and Trafalgar class SSNs, with the only other nuclear-powered submarines being the Royal Navy’s' Ballistic Missile Submarines.
	www.britains-smallwars.com /Cold-war/fleet-sub.htm (293 words)

	SimHQ.com - Naval Combat Zone – Harpoon Classic 2002 Gold Edition: A Blind Eye's View
		A simple scenario in the GIUK gap campaign put me in command of two NATO frigates and a few merchant ships.
		This was partly due to the fact that I cannot set different patrol routes myself, but still, I played the whole scenario through, and though the sub did not manage to hit any of my ships, I never got a confirmed kill, even though I torpedoed it multiple times.
		When I was done with the GIUK gap, I searched through the rather extensive list of battlesets to find an EC2003 campaign, namely the Indian Ocean/Persian Gulf.
	www.simhq.com /_naval/naval_003a.html (1255 words)

	Edited Hansard * Table of Contents * Number 021 (Official Version) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It is well known, certainly I think in most defence circles, why the United Kingdom did not decide to maintain these subs as operational components of the U.K. navy.
		These subs were designed and built in the 1980s and intended to cover what is known as the GIUK gap, the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom gap.
		They were to be placed out in the North Atlantic as listening posts, essentially, for the United Kingdom.
	www.parl.gc.ca /37/2/parlbus/chambus/house/debates/021_2002-11-04/han021_1630-E.htm (457 words)

	Untitled Document
		He will not read books on the design of submarines, their history and modes of employment.
		He will probably never quite learn what they are for: plugging the GIUK Gap, for instance.
		Further, reporters seem to be obligate technological illiterates: Our example will not learn about phased arrays, convergence zones, the relation of the aperture of a towed array to its angular resolution.
	www.fredoneverything.net /Press1.shtml (1068 words)

	[No title]
		On the other hand, a defensive operation would result in the tables being turned — an offensive NATO force entering battle would be distant from its support facilities, interdicted and exhausted during a long transit and engaging a fresh Soviet force.
		Soviet SSBNs were not quiet enough to successfully transit the GIUK Gap or escape from Pacific bases unobserved to take station off the US coast.
		Soviet nuclear submarines routinely bypassed the SOSUS barrier in place at the GIUK gap by sailing west of Greenland through Baffin Bay and the Davis Strait.
	mysite.verizon.net /vzeedox4/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/pact_maritime_strategy_twilight_war.doc (7240 words)

	Northern Fleet - Morskoyo Flota ( Naval Force)
		A line drawn along 30° EAST longitude is used by NATO forces to designate Russian platforms as either "in-area" or "out-of-area." At the southern end of the Norwegian Sea, Russian ships are confronted with two more choke points.
		The first is the Greenland-Iceland-Norway (GIN) Gap and approximately 100 miles further south is the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom (GIUK) Gap.
		Except for occasional exercises in the Norwegian Sea, Russian surface presence in the North Atlantic is routine, but has declined substantially in recent years.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/russia/mf-north.htm (1772 words)

	RAF Twilight War History
		However they were a definite threat to both the oil rigs in the area and the naval forces gathering behind the GIUK gap, and required constant surveillance.
		No 18 Group was also very concerned about Soviet conventional submarines operating in his area and their mine laying capability that might hinder the reinforcement of the BOAR from the UK but also the massive US reinforcements planned for Europe.
		Tornado F.3 was also engaged in the campaign, with 11 and 43 Squadrons, initially in maintaining the integrity of the GIUK gap and later in providing air cover for the Strike Fleet, normally from Norwegian airfields.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~dheb/2300/Historical/raft2k/raf2kh.htm (9399 words)

	Edward Ladner's Harpoon Pages
		Some of these are believed to be enroute to UBAN states, intending to either directly intervene in operations in the Mediterranean or Middle East, or to deliver components for UBAN ballistic missiles.
		A team of NATO submarines have been dispatched to the Gap to interdict and destroy the approaching surge of NSC submarines.
		The blatant refusal of NSC forces to recognize the GIUK embargo and the continued threat of choking off access to the Med has left the Coalition with little choice but to reinforce local defences.
	edladner.home.infionline.net /h2002bradscn.htm (5403 words)

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