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Topic: Gabelle

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	Legabelle France - SALT MADE THE WORLD GO ROUND
		In 1286 the gabelle was levied temporarily as a general commodity tax.
		Such huge price differences, severe restrictions and the inescapable fact that some areas were free from the gabelle caused great discontent and misery to 'the poor peasants who are found to buy salt in such provinces where it is cheap, such as the country of Burgundy or the country of the Danube'...
		The gabelle was one of the principal grievances of the French peasants, the small farmers and the poorer urban people.
	www.salt.org.il /legabelle.html (1292 words)

	EFAUX SAUNIERS
		The word gabelle was at first a very general term applied to any kind of tax: there was a wine gabelle, a cloth gabelle, etc.; but soon it became customary to use the term only for the salt tax, which had a important and ever-growing role in French fiscal history during the entire pre-Revolutionary era.
		There were also complaints about the bad will of gabelle officers, especially that they were slow in their work, letting the poor tax payers waiting in the open air whatever the weather might be.
		Some localities of the countries of large gabelle were privileged: Paris, Versailles, where null quantity was not imposed to the purchasers: Dieppe, Fécamp, Le Havre, Honfleur, where salt cost only 3 pounds l0 sols the quintal: some parishes of the general information of Soissons, of Bourgogne, the election of Rethel, towns of Rocroy and Charteville.
	www3.sympatico.ca /mchassey/jfc/esauniers.htm (3918 words)

	CVT702
		Gabelle watched it carefully, his eyes crossing and uncrossing several times as he waited for the bloodsucker to make a move.
		Gabelle pulled himself up from the stoop, shading his eyes from the glare of the sun.
		Gabelle seemed a bit irritated, but Jim blamed that on the stuffy attitude of the State Police Lieutenant that took charge of the investigation.
	www.blackpantherproductions.org /cvt702/cvt2a.htm (5537 words)

	Bouvier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This word is said to have the same signification that gabelle formerly had in France.
		But this seems to be an error for gabelle signified in that country, previously to its revolution, a duty upon salt.
		Lord Coke says, that gabel or gavel, gablum, gabellum, gabelletum, galbelletum, and gavillettum signify a rent, duty, or service, yielded or done to the king or any other lord.
	www.jusbelli.com /Bouvier/bouvier1856_gab.html (2562 words)

	Discovering Dickens - A Community Reading Project
		Enforcement of the gabelle was extremely severe: In the period just before the Revolution, 1,800 men were imprisoned for smuggling salt, 300 were sent to the galleys, and 3,700 were detained for possession of contraband salt.
		During the Revolution, thirty-two of the gabelle farmers (the tax-collectors) were guillotined.
		Thus, though Dickens’ Monsieur Gabelle is not specifically a collector of salt-taxes, his name is meant to invoke the most notoriously ruinous and unfair of the pre-revolutionary French taxes.
	dickens.stanford.edu /tale/issue5_gloss4.html (2127 words)

	La Gabelle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The salt gabelle--a legacy of the gabelle that Charles of Anjou instituted in 1259 to finance his conquest of the Kingdom of Naples--was introduced in France as a temporary measure in 1317 and definitively in 1340.
		Because it was variable according to time and place, it very soon became synonymous with fiscal injustice and was at the origin of riots instigated by both those who feared the loss of their privileges and those who had nothing to lose (e.g.
		Although the gabelle was revoked in 1790 by the Constitutive Assembly, it was very soon re-established and not finally abolished until the 1946 Finance Law.
	www.smeal.psu.edu /faculty/huddart/TCTaxBits/CuriousTaxFacts/SaltTax.shtml (333 words)

	La Gabelle
		A week’s holiday at La Gabelle is on a Saturday to Saturday basis.
		It is the aim of the management of La Gabelle to provide a high quality of service to its customers.
		If there is any part of the service with which you are not happy you should first pursue this with the management of La Gabelle at the time where every effort will be made to resolve the matter.
	www.btinternet.com /~gb.associates/lagabelle/booking.htm (655 words)

	[No title]
		For whatever reason he was the first to suspect (though it was untrue) that the said Poupinel was empowered by a commission to demolish the salt works at Avranches to establish the gabelle, the announcement of which was to be made shortly afterwards.
		Having asked where the letters concerning the gabelle were, which they imagined to be in their hands, they hailed blows onto the president, the sieur de Sarcilly, with sticks and stones, and left him as dead on the spot, his other colleagues having escaped through the windows.
		It is certain that they did not rebel on the pretext of the gabelle, because this had been established there for a long time, but because the populace of the towns wanted to appear at least as rebellious as that of Lower Normandy, thinking that there was some dishonour in not appearing so.
	www.le.ac.uk /hi/bon/resources/bourb/Govtsoc/doc122.html (1327 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On Sunday 17th of the month at 9 o'clock in the morning the riot and popular sedition on the rumour of the gabelle began...
		They demanded a decree of amnesty for their murders and incendiarism and forced Messieurs of the Chamber to draw up this declaration and have it printed.
		As long as the gabelle was abolished they said that they would return to obedience.
	www.le.ac.uk /hi/bon/resources/bourb/Socgov/Texts/Doc246.html (330 words)

	The History of Salt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In France, Charles of Anjou levied the "gabelle," a salt tax, in 1259 to finance his conquest of the Kingdom of Naples.
		Though the revolutionaries eliminated the tax shortly after Louis XIV fell, the Republic of France reestablished the gabelle in the early 19th Century; only in 1946 was it removed from the books.
		The Erie Canal, an engineering marvel that connected the Great Lakes to New York's Hudson River in 1825, was called "the ditch that salt built." Salt tax revenues paid for half the cost of construction of the canal.
	www.cargillsalt.com /dc_salt_about_hist_salt.htm (1072 words)

	Kurlansky reviews tantalize with historical, cultural tidbits
		Begun piecemeal in the 13th century, by 1660 it was a leading source of state revenues and spawned still-legendary salt smugglers and a series of revolts.
		The gabelle, in addition to making a common, necessary product unduly expensive (a burden that naturally fell more heavily upon the poor than the upon the rich), required everyone older than 8 living in a certain region to purchase far more salt each year than he or she needed.
		Kurlansky proposes was the gabelle in France, a salt tax that by the mid-17th century was a leading source of state income; violations of this tax law led to thousands of deaths and imprisonments.
	www.saltinstitute.org /kurlansky.html (3113 words)

	French States-General - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For instance, it was in this way that the necessary taxes were raised for twenty years to pay the ransom of King John II of France without a vote of the States-General, although they met several times during this period.
		Thus during the second half of the 15th century the chief taxes, the taille, aids and gabelle became definitely permanent for the benefit of the Crown, sometimes by the formal consent of the States-General, as in 1437 in the case of the aids.
		The critical periods of the Hundred Years' War favoured to the States-General, though at the price of great sacrifices.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_States-General (3478 words)

	La Gabelle sur Vienne Cravant les Coteaux
		La Gabelle is situated in the heart of he Loire Valley, only three miles or five minutes drive from the medieval town of Chinon.
		In fact, the red wine from the vineyard next door to La Gabelle is highly recommended.
		Chinon, which has a population of approximately 10,000, is small enough to cover on foot, but large enough to have all necessary amenities There are several supermarkets and shops, an abundance of restaurants serving excellent food, bars, pavement cafes, markets.
	www.btinternet.com /~gb.associates/lagabelle/area.htm (258 words)

	CVT702
		When Jim had asked Gabelle to look at some old case files, Gabelle was too busy yelling at a state officer to do more than nod.
		Gabelle groaned as he sank into an empty chair.
		Gabelle tried to turn his head toward Blair's voice and groaned.
	www.blackpantherproductions.org /cvt702/cvt2.htm (13933 words)

	gabelle - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "gabelle" is defined.
		Gabelle : Online Plain Text English Dictionary [home, info]
		GABELLE : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=gabelle&ls=a (171 words)

	Asiaweek.com \| Webfiles: From Our Correspondence: Jumping Beans, Falling Prices \| 3/5/2001
		Gabelle, one of the quietest people on the planet, knows just about everything that is produced and traded on the world's markets.
		Gabelle flipped to the previous week's charts in the back of Asiaweek, which he minds, to give me the rundown on the bean.
		Familiar with my random questions over the years about commodities, Gabelle had the answer to my query about which farmers are, well, raking it in these days.
	www.asiaweek.com /asiaweek/daily/0,8773,101408-foc,00.html (756 words)

	Letters from Voltaire, 25 February 1776 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Voltaire gives here an admirable description of the condition of the country poor before the Revolution, and emphasises the fact that it was not the iniquitous extorsion of the taxes which so much oppressed them but the cruel and rapacious character of the tax-gatherers.
		Gabelle, or the tax on salt, to which Voltaire alludes here, compelled each person to buy seven pounds of salt per year at a price which varied in the different provinces and was everywhere iniquitously high.
		No wonder in a very few years' time the Gabelle was as a fuse to the fire of the Great Revolution.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /homes/VSA/letters/2.25.1776.html (644 words)

	ARTFOCUS: Patrick Dougherty, sculptor - Yardwork
		A gathering of seven 20 foot towers made of braided red maple saplings Yardwork’s swirling wooden shapes, drawn in space, are surrounded by a swooping braided form that acts as an aesthetic container for this highly charged, large scale installation.
		This was a place where French traders climbed the rapids to exchange goods and contraband with the amerindians of the Atikamekw tribe many of whom died in the Iroquois wars.
		The work here at La Gabelle is part of a new trend to build works that stands on their own and function as architecture.
	www.artfocus.com /yardworking.html (3257 words)

	A Tale of Two Cities (1935 b 126') (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gabelle (H. Warner) warns aristocrats of revolution if they don't give people bread.
		Madame Lafarge asks Gabelle to write to Darnay to testify for him.
		Gabelle pleads for Darnay and is stabbed by Gaspard.
	www.san.beck.org /MM/1935/TaleofTwoCities.html (478 words)

	Chapter Drain to the Loadstone Rock of Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
		His latent uneasiness had been, that bad aims were being worked out in his own unhappy land by bad instruments, and that he who could not fail to know that he was better than they, was not there, trying to do something to stay bloodshed, and assert the claims of mercy and humanity.
		Upon those, had followed Gabelle's letter: the appeal of an innocent prisoner, in danger of death, to his justice, honour, and good name.
		The Loadstone Rock was drawing him, and he must sail on, until he struck.
	www.bibliomania.com /0/0/19/45/15362/6.html (575 words)

	An Analysis System for the Study of the French Revolution
		If you leave the Object field blank, you are asking for the retrieval of all grievances meeting the other requirements you specify-- such as the Subject and Action, regardless of whether an Object is coded or not.
		Thus, if you wish to retrieve grievances calling for the abolition of the gabelle, if you specify GTAINGA AB, leaving the Object field untouched, among the grievances you might retrieve would be some coded GTAINGA AB PR, which only call for abolition of the privileges associated with the gabelle.
		If A has the gabelle, and B has all grievances with the Action code AB (abolish) then menu option C will provide in array A all grievances for abolition of the gabelle.
	home1.gte.net /~gns31/manual.html (3984 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gabelle De Simbourg to Montgomery Blair, Saturday, July 16, 1864 (Lewis Cass supports Lincoln) - Transcription","mal/mal1","345/3452300","001.gif","1","1","","001.jpg" "Series 1.
		Gabelle De Simbourg to Montgomery Blair, Saturday, July 16, 1864 (Lewis Cass supports Lincoln) - Transcription","mal/mal1","345/3452300","002.gif","2","2","","002.jpg" "Series 1.
		Gabelle De Simbourg to Montgomery Blair, Saturday, July 16, 1864 (Lewis Cass supports Lincoln) - Transcription","mal/mal1","345/3452300","003.gif","3","3","","003.jpg" "Series 1.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /mss/mal/mal1/345/3452300/malpage.data (88 words)

	Étienne de La Boétie, Part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The essay was in response to a specific event — the Revolt de Gabelle in Bordeaux.
		The Gabelle was a much-hated tax on salt, which was not only a human necessity but also a government monopoly.
		Protesters killed the Gabelle’s director general along with two of his officers.
	www.fff.org /freedom/fd0304g.asp (1385 words)

	A Tale of Two Cities (29)
		There was spurring and splashing through the darkness, and bridle was drawn in the space by the village fountain, and the horse in a foam stood at Monsieur Gabelle’s door.
		The general scarcity of everything, occasioned candles to be borrowed in a rather peremptory manner of Monsieur Gabelle; and in a moment of reluctance and hesitation on that functionary’s part, the mender of roads, once so submissive to authority, had remarked that carriages were good to make bonfires with, and that post–horses would roast.
		The result of that conference was, that Gabelle again withdrew himself to his housetop behind his stack of chimneys; this time resolved, if his door were broken in (he was a small Southern man of retaliative temperament), to pitch himself head foremost over the parapet, and crush a man or two below.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /d/dickens/charles/d54tt/part29.html (2086 words)

	Chapter Fire Rises of Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
		The mender of roads, and the two hundred and fifty particular friends, inspired as one man and woman by the idea of lighting up, had darted into their houses, and were putting candles in every dull little pane of glass.
		The general scarcity of everything, occasioned candles to be borrowed in a rather peremptory manner of Monsieur Gabelle; and in a moment of reluctance and hesitation on that functionary's part, the mender of roads, once so submissive to authority, had remarked that carriages were good to make bonfires with, and that post-horses would roast.
		The château was left to itself to flame and burn.
	www.bibliomania.com /0/0/19/45/15361/4.html (432 words)

	NovelGuide: : Novel Summary: Book II Chapter 21-24
		That night the village, much to the consternation of Monsieur Gabelle (the local chief functionary) expectantly gathers near the fountain.
		The villagers light their houses with candles and surround the house of Monsieur Gabelle who resolves to throw himself from the roof if the villagers break in.
		Outside, Darnay opens the letter and finds that it is from Gabelle, an old loyal servant of the Marquis, who has been imprisoned and will be killed unless the emigrant (i.e.
	www.novelguide.com /ATaleofTwoCities/summaries/BookIIChapter21-24.html (1335 words)

	FREE Barron's Booknotes-A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens-Free Book Notes Study Guide Literature Summaries ...
		He tells us that Gabelle, the chief functionary, has been collecting few taxes these days, and no rent at all.
		Following Darnay's instructions, Gabelle had eased the burden on the villagers; he has been arrested nonetheless and sent to L'Abbaye prison in Paris, charged with the crime of working for an emigrant.
		He has a duty to free Gabelle, and to dispose of his property once and for all.
	www.pinkmonkey.com /booknotes/barrons/taleoftwocities18.asp (736 words)

	"Tapestry": Cordelia
		I'm sure she knows what money is, and she's the one who attacked Fayne-- No, Gabelle, even in my thoughts.
		It would have been like when they took me away, and it would have been Cordelia and Gabelle in the garden in Amber.
		It would have been Linette and the Bad Men who were trying to hurt her and who made Mama cry, or worse Linette and the Bad Men who'd already hurt her and made Mama die.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~acm/Cordelia/cordelia8.html (913 words)

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