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	Gahal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gahal (Acronym for Gush Herut-Liberalim, Freedom-liberal block) is a right-wing party formed in 1965 by members of Herut and the Liberal party.
		During the 1967 war, Gahal joined the National Unity government.
		Gahal was absorbed into the Likud in 1973.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Politics/Gahal.html (40 words)

	Israel the Likud Bloc
		Gahal continued as part of the Meir cabinet formed after the 1969 elections.
		Gahal ministers withdrew from the cabinet in 1970 to protest what they believed to be Prime Minister Meir's conciliatory policy on territorial issues.
		In the summer of 1973, Gahal organized the Likud alignment in which Herut continued to be preeminent.
	www.country-studies.com /israel/the-likud-bloc.html (653 words)

	Menachem Begin - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Begin played a key role in establishing the Gahal faction (a merger of Herut and the more progressive Liberal Party) in 1965, which helped legitimize his hard-line views among Israel’s middle class.
		Begin and his Gahal colleagues opposed the government’s acceptance of a proposal from the United States that implied Israel’s willingness to consider withdrawing from some of the territory gained in the Six-Day War, and Begin resigned from the government in August 1970.
		In 1973 Gahal joined with several smaller right-wing parties to form the Likud (Unity) opposition bloc, and Begin became its leader.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761568800___2/Menachem_Begin.html (335 words)

	Menachem Begin Encyclopedia Article @ GetitFreeHere.com (Get It Free Here) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1965, Herut and the Liberal Party united to form the Gahal party under Begin’s leadership, but was once again unsuccessful in increasing its share of parliament seats in the election held that year.
		In 1966, during Gahal’s party convention, he was challenged by the young Ehud Olmert who called for his resignation.
		At the outbreak of the Six Day War in June 1967, Gahal joined a "national unity" government under Prime Minister Levi Eshkol of the Labour Party, resulting in Begin serving in the Cabinet for the first time, as a Minister Without Portfolio.
	www.getitfreehere.com /encyclopedia/Menachem_Begin (5315 words)

	The Antithesis
		This enabled Gahal, and subsequently Likud, to be seen by the general Israeli public as credible opposition parties capable of running the government when the time came.
		The Gahal list was unable to capture the combined votes of the Herut and Liberal parties for two reasons: first, the union caused the departure of progressive liberals who went on to form the Independent Liberal Party; second, the amazing success of the Six-Day War helped Labor immensely in the 1969 elections.
		The inclusion of Gahal, immediately after the war, in the national unity government, did not pay immediate dividends in spite of the clever tactic employed by Begin, taking the position of minister without portfolio.
	theantithesis.org /articles.php?id=21 (4013 words)

	Menachem Begin Encyclopedia Article @ Accorded.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gahal party under Begin’s leadership, but was once again unsuccessful in increasing its share of parliament seats in the election held that year.
		In 1966, during Gahal’s party convention, he was challenged by the young
		Ariel Sharon (res.) to form a larger bloc of opposition parties, made up from Gahal, the Free Center Party, and other smaller groups.
	www.accorded.net /encyclopedia/Menachem_Begin (4785 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The word congregation in Psalms 22:22 is from gahal and is translated church in Hebrews 2:12 from ekklesia.
		It is true the word gahal is used in places where reference is not to an assembly of people, but the whole Israelite nation.
		It has, therefore, been mistakenly argued that since ekklesia is used as the equivalent of gahal in some places that it must have the same latitude of meaning.
	users.htcomp.net /gatewaybc/on_line_articles/dun16.htm (1577 words)

	Ezer Weizman Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Ezer Weizman's career was a stormy one, with a number of sharp personal transitions: from the professional military to civilian life, from politics to the private business sector and back to politics, and from membership in the right-wing Gahal party to affiliation with the left-wing Labour party.
		Weizman was a member of the right-wing Gahal political faction of the Likud party.
		When Gahal protested Meir's call for a cease-fire to end the conflict with Egypt in January 1970, Weizman resigned his post.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/ezer-weizman (1325 words)

	The Jerusalem Post - Elections 1999
		However, after Levi Eshkol became premier in 1964 the party was "legitimized." In 1965 Herut formed the Gahal bloc with the Liberal Party, and on the eve of the Six Day War, Gahal joined Eshkol's government.
		Gahal left the government in 1970, against the background of the American Rogers Plan, and in 1973 formed the Likud with several additional small center and right-wing parties and groups.
		Besides the National Religious Party, which started to move to the Right after the Yom Kippur War (see section on religious parties), more extreme right-wing parties began to appear after the Likud formed its first government in 1977 and consequently became more pragmatic in its approach and policies.
	www.umich.edu /~proflame/neh/theright.shtml (461 words)

	Yosef Sapir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He served as head of the General Zionists and was a founding member of the Gahal party.
		Shortly after his tenure, Sapir joined the national government at the end of 1952 as the Health Minister and went on to become the Minister of Transportation in 1953 until 1955.
		In Levi Eshkol's emergency government formed on the eve of the Six-Day War, Sapir served as a Minister without Portfolio and assumed the post of Minister of Industry in Golda Meir's government, until Gahal left the coalition on August 6, 1970.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yosef_Sapir (201 words)

	Begin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		For three years, Begin served as Minister without Portfolio, but resigned in 1970 along with the other 'Gahal' ministers, due to their refusal to accept the Rogers Initiative, which included returning territories.
		In 1973, the 'Likud' Party was established, and included 'Gahal', the 'National List', the 'Free Center', and 'Activists for the Greater Land of Israel.' On June 20, 1977, Menahem Begin became Prime Minister.
		One and a half years later, Begin, Sadat and Jimmy Carter, President of the United States, and their delegations held discussions at Camp David in the United States.
	www.pmo.gov.il /PMOEng/Government/Memorial/PrimeMinisters/Begin.htm (763 words)

	TIME.com: Middle East: At Last, a Way Out? -- Aug. 10, 1970 -- Page 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the current crisis, Begin sensed that acceptance of the Rogers plan could lead to new elections; his opposition was designed in part to publicize Gahal's position to prospective voters.
		Meir had the necessary votes without Gahal both to approve the Rogers plan and continue the government.
		Gahal, having cast six votes against acceptance, pondered whether to leave the coalition.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,876732-4,00.html (710 words)

	AllRefer.com - Israel - The Likud Bloc \| Israeli Information Resource
		In large part, Likud was the direct ideological descendant of the Revisionist Party, established by Vladimir Jabotinsky in 1925 (see Revisionist Zionism, ch.
		In 1965 Herut and the Liberal Party (see Appendix B) formed Gahal (Gush Herut-Liberalim), a parliamentary and electoral bloc, to contest both Knesset and Histadrut elections.
		Gahal ministers withdrew from the cabinet in 1970 to protest what they believed to be Prime Minister Meir's conciliatory policy on territorial issues (see Foreign Relations, this ch.).
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/israel/israel115.html (811 words)

	Israel Independence Day on Virtual Jerusalem
		He was instrumental in establishing the Gahal faction in the Knesset in 1965.
		In May 1967, on the eve of the Six-Day War, Begin was named minister without portfolio in the Government of National Unity.
		However, he and his Gahal colleagues left the government in 1970 when the majority accepted the U.S. initiative for peace talks with the Arabs implying the evacuation by Israel of territories occupied in the course of the Six-Day War.
	www.virtualjerusalem.com /jeisholidays/independence/53/begin.htm (438 words)

	The JPost Special - ELECTIONS 2003 : ISRAEL DECIDES
		In 1965 Herut formed the Gahal bloc with the Liberal Party, and on the eve of the Six Day War, Gahal joined Eshkol's government.
		Gahal left the government in 1970, against the background of the US Rogers Plan, and in 1973 formed the Likud with several additional small center and right-wing parties and groups.
		Besides the National Religious Party, which started to move to the right after the Yom Kippur War (see section on religious parties), more extreme right-wing parties began to appear after the Likud formed its first government in 1977 and consequently became more pragmatic.
	info.jpost.com /C002/Supplements/Elections2003/pp_right.html (424 words)

	Factional and Government Make-Up of the Sixth Knesset
		Four MKs split from Gahal and formed the Free Center.
		On June 5, 1967 (the day of the outbreak of the Six Day War), Gahal and Rafi joined the government.
		The coalition members were: The Alignment, Gahal, the National Religious Party, the Independent Liberals and the minority lists.
	www.knesset.gov.il /history/eng/eng_hist6_s.htm (278 words)

	Menachem Begin - The Sixth Prime Minister (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1965, "Herut" and the Liberal Party merged and formed "Gahal".
		During this period, Begin served as leader of the party and head of the opposition factions in the Knesset.
		In 1967, on the eve of the Six Day War, Gahal joined the National Unity Government, and Begin was appointed Minister without Portfolio, a post which he held until 1970, when Gahal resigned from the government due to the latter's refusal to accept the Rogers Program.
	www.pmo.gov.il /PMOEng/History/FormerPrimeMinister/MenacheBegin.htm (646 words)

	PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION IN A COMPARATIVE CONTEXT
		First, there was the emergence of the opposition Gahal Bloc that included the more conservative Herut and Liberal Parties.
		Except for a three-year period between 1967 and 1970, [FN32] the Gahal Bloc served as a new, opposition force at the national level that emerging interest groups could turn to for support.
		Two other parties, the Free Center Party and La'am, asked to join Gahal, and by 1973, this enlarged opposition bloc became what is today known as the Likud party.
	wings.buffalo.edu /law/jlsa/resources/public_interest_israel.htm (8464 words)

	Gachal - Gahal- Israel Political Party - definition - Zionism and Israel -Encyclopedia / Dictionary/Lexicon of ...
		Gachal - Gahal- Israel Political Party - definition - Zionism and Israel -Encyclopedia / Dictionary/Lexicon of Zionism/Israel/
		Gahal (Gachal) - Abbreviation for Gush Herut - Liberalim (Herut-Liberal Bloc)
		In 1967 on the eve of the outbreak of the Arab-Israeli War, Gahal joined a National Unity Government; in 1973 Gahal became part of the
	www.zionism-israel.com /dic/Gahal.htm (428 words)

	Parliamentary Groups in the Knesset (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It continued to exist until the establishment of the Likud towards the elections to the Eighth Knesset.
		Gahal joined Levi Eshkol’s Government on the eve of the outbreak of the Six Day War, and remained in Governments led by Golda Meir until August 1970.
		Gahal left the Government against the background of the Rogers Plan.
	www.knesset.gov.il /faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=68 (322 words)

	[No title]
		Following Eshkol's death in February 1969, Golda Meir was tapped to succeed him as head of the Labor Party and to lead Israel's fourteenth government.
		Wary of upcoming elections, coalition members Alignment (Labor), Gahal, Herut, National Religious Party (NRP), Independent Liberals, and Rafi together with the minority lists decided to honor the existing coalition agreement and maintain the embrace of national unity.
		This time, however, former opposition parties Gahal, Herut, and Rafi were given ministerial posts and portfolios as fully integrated members until Israel went to the polls in October 1969.
	www.washingtoninstitute.org /templateC05.php?CID=2021 (1315 words)

	TIME.com: Middle East: At Last, a Way Out? -- Aug. 10, 1970 -- Page 3
		Meir's Cabinet includes six members of the right-wing Gahal Party who are the foremost hawks in Israel's hawk-dove debates over occupied territories (see box page 23).
		Gahal, which also holds 26 of the 120 seats in the Israeli parliament, believes that the territories should be permanently retained to insure Israel's security.
		Against the advice of even some of his own party members, Gahal Leader Menahem Begin last week chose to make the withdrawal issue a matter of party policy.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,876732-3,00.html (808 words)

	Menachem Begin
		In the 1950's, he led the movement against accepting German reparations for the Nazi Holocaust.
		In 1965, Begin merged his Herut Party with the Liberals to form Gahal, which later served as the foundation of the Likud Party.
		The crisis atmosphere in 1967 saw the establishment of a National Unity Government, which finally brought Begin and other Gahal leaders to the Cabinet table.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/begin.html (550 words)

	The JPost Special - ELECTIONS 2003 : ISRAEL DECIDES
		In 1965 the Herut Movement joined forces with the Liberal Party to form the Gahal political bloc (which in 1973 became the Likud), and in the same year Mapai formed the first Alignment, with another social democratic party, Ahdut Ha'avoda.
		With the outbreak of the Six Day War in June 1967, Eshkol formed the country's first national unity government with Gahal.
		The war eventually changed the political map and the major issue over which elections were to be fought: the future of the territories occupied by Israel in the course of the war -- the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, Judea and Samaria (the West Bank), and the Golan Heights.
	info.jpost.com /C002/Supplements/Elections2003/politichistory2.html (507 words)

	The Bang and the Whimper
		True, the two bigger right-wing parties--Herut and the Liberal party--had already established a joint parliamentary bloc (called Gahal).
		In 1969, the Gahal bloc had won only 26 (of 120) seats in the Knesset, exactly the same as four years before.
		But in 1973, the new Likud already won 39 seats, and in 1977 it became the ruling party with 43 seats.
	www.strike-the-root.com /52/avnery/avnery4.html (1457 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Israel / Appendix B
		Gahal (Acronym for Gush Herut-Liberalim, Freedom-Liberal Bloc; also known as Herut-Liberal Bloc)
		In 1967 on the eve of the outbreak of the Arab-Israeli War, Gahal joined a National Unity Government; in 1973 Gahal became part of the Likud Bloc (q.v.
		A militant right-wing extremist religio-nationalist settlement movement that seeks to impose Israeli sovereignty on the West Bank.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/israel/il_appnb.html (1743 words)

	The Review - Analysing Arik
		In 1972, persuading Menahem Begin of the Gahal party(Gush Herut and Liberalim), that Gahal needed to broaden its appeal in Israeli society by reaching out to former Labor Party members and others, he put together the Likud Party by attracting Rafi (a breakaway party from Labor), and other small parties.
		Sharon’s broadening of Gahal into Likud was one of the reasons why Likud was to come to power in the 1977 Israeli elections.
		The other major reason for Likud’s victory in 1977 was, of course, the lingering memories of Israel’s near defeat in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
	www.aijac.org.au /review/2004/297/sharon297.html (3373 words)

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