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	eMedicine - Gait Analysis : Article by Ross Bogey, DO
		Stance is comprised of 5 gait phases (ie, initial contact, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, preswing), with the remaining 3 phases occurring during swing.
		Gait velocity typically decreases with all neuromuscular pathology, and the reduction is related to the magnitude of the pathology.
		Instrumented motion analysis is a logical extension of observational gait analysis.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic225.htm (4775 words)

	Gait Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		A gait analysis, however, may or may not demonstrate inappropriate activity in the quadriceps during the critical phases of the gait cycle when the knee should be flexing in preparation for and during swing.
		Gait analysis especially fills a void in upper motor neuron pathology, where traditional static evaluation measures are not effective in measuring either muscle strength or spasticity, at least from a functional standpoint.
		Gait analysis is thus potentially quite useful in optimizing, and thereby increasing, the likelihood of demonstrating the general effectiveness of a number of innovative, as well as standard, rehabilitation treatments.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /internet/pmr/GaitBlurb.cfm (1251 words)

	Connecticut Children's Medical Center - Center for Motion Analysis
		Gait analysis is a broad term that refers to the systematic evaluation of a subject's walking pattern.
		Gait analysis is invaluable in the identification of these multiple areas of impairment that are difficult to correlate by observation and clinical assessment alone.
		Gait analysis is appropriate for decision-making in such disorders as cerebral palsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury and myelomeningocele to name a few.
	www.ccmckids.org /services/motion.asp (1676 words)

	Gait - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A gait is a particular way or manner of moving on foot: walking and running are the two basic human gaits; see also gait analysis and gait (human).
		A horses's gait is any of the ways, such as a canter, trot, or walk, by which a horse can move by lifting the feet in different order or rhythm.
		GAIT stands for GSM-ANSI Interoperability Team, which developed a standard (also known as GAIT) to allow cross-operation of wireless telephone technologies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gait (152 words)

	Focused Symposium - Gait Analysis & Training (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Gait requires the integration of many systems (e.g., muscle, neural, cognitive, cardiovascular, proprioceptive, visual) to generate a multi-degree, rhythmical human gait pattern which is robust, yet adaptable depending on the environment and task.
		Gait, balance and posture are compromised due to a progressive loss of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the basal ganglia.
		Gait disorders and falls are a particular risk during dual task performance and when PwPD have to make a rapid adjustment to changes in task goals, floor surface conditions or when there is the need to walk as part of a long or complex motor skill.
	www.wcpt.org /congress/programme/symposia/gait.php (2135 words)

	Gait Analysis Benefits
		Gait Analysis is simply a measurement system that allows the user to monitor and analyze human locomotion.
		Gait abnormalities are a combination of deviations imposed by the neurological system and the secondary adaptations that the child must make to circumvent them.
		State of the art and new techniques or methods of using gait analysis are possible with the system because of its adaptability, and thus the available research topics are endless.
	www.emgsrus.com /gait_analysis_benefits.htm (689 words)

	Gait Analysis Comes Out Ahead - December 2000/January 2001 - Rehab Management - The Interdisciplinary Journal of ...
		The Motion Analysis Laboratory continues to be a pioneer in the field of gait analysis.
		In addition, mature gait exhibits stability of the weight-bearing foot throughout the stance phase, clearance of the non-weight-bearing foot during the swing phase, appropriate prepositioning during the terminal swing of the foot for the next gait cycle, and adequate step length.
		Gait analysis research has shown that gastrocnemius-soleus fascial releases generate improvements in the static heel cord range-of-motion as well as lead to a decrease in the abnormal energy generated around the ankle in mid-stance.
	www.rehabpub.com /ltrehab/12012001/6.asp (1633 words)

	contact information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Gait analysis is a powerful tool that can help physicians understand why you may not be walking correctly.
		Gait analysis is used to determine which areas of your feet take the most pressure while you walk.
		The Gait Study Center at The Foot and Ankle Institute is one of the premier centers for biomechanical and biomedical research for gait and posture in the world.
	podiatry.temple.edu /gaitlab/gait_service.htm (1089 words)

	Gait Analysis and Parkinson's Disease - August/September 2002 - Rehab Management - The Interdisciplinary Journal of ...
		Gait analysis is an excellent method for demonstrating change from treatment or from disease progression.
		Gait analysis for the person with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an excellent tool for determining the treatment efficacy of pharmacologic, surgical, or physical therapeutic interventions.
		It is important to realize that computerized gait analysis is done in a laboratory setting and, although the results are important and can lead to testable hypotheses regarding treatment of the gait disorder, the patient also needs to be observed at home and in the community for a complete picture of function.
	www.rehabpub.com /features/892002/9.asp (1960 words)

	Gait Analysis
		Gait analysis, or motion analysis, is the quantitative laboratory assessment of coordinated muscle function, typically requiring a dedicated facility and staff.
		Gait analysis has been proposed as an aid in surgical planning, primarily for cerebral palsy, and for planning for rehabilitative strategies for a variety of disorders.
		Gait analysis may be considered medically necessary in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy to select surgical or other therapeutic interventions for gait improvement.
	www.regence.com /trgmedpol/medicine/med107.html (1714 words)

	MEPC - McPhail Chair Presentations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Further analysis with the link segment model showed that in the lame limb there was a marked reduction in the storage and release of elastic energy at the fetlock joint, together with an increase in energy generation at the shoulder joint.
		Gait analysis is being use to develop a better understanding of the physical demands of different sports, especially with regard to improving performance and understanding the mechanics of sport specific lamenesses.
		Gait analysis has advanced to the point where it can be used as an adjunct to clinical lameness examination, and as an objective means of monitoring recovery from lameness.
	cvm.msu.edu /dressage/articles/mcpres/mvapres.htm (2570 words)

	Principles of Gait Analysis
		Gait analysis (also referred to as motion analysis or biomechanics) using cameras is not a new idea.
		Joint angles, vertical movement of the croup and withers, breakover time, the relative positions of the limbs at each phase of the stride and the timing of each hoof placement are other calculations that may be important in studying the biomechanics of your horse in motion.
		Although quantifying gait characteristics makes it possible to answer all kinds of how much, how fast, how far, how high, how long and how wide questions, gathering the data necessary to do so can be a very time-consuming and tedious process.
	www.arielnet.com /Main/adw-39a.html (511 words)

	Gait Analysis: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery: UI Health Care
		For example, in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy gait analysis can demonstrate which muscle-tendon units are actually active during gait, and therefore whether they might be either sectioned or transferred.
		Gait analysis may incorporate different approaches or combinations of approaches depending on the situation and what is deemed to be appropriate.
		Computerized gait analysis can be expensive and should only be contemplated when conventional assessments are deemed inadequate and the implications of the assessment justify the costs.
	www.uihealthcare.com /depts/med/orthopaedicsurgery/specialservices/gaitanalysis.html (227 words)

	CGA FAQ: Applications of Clinical Gait Analysis
		I'm obviously aware of the use of gait analysis in relation to CP (and to a lesser extent in relation to Spina bifida).
		Following this period, there was a phase when gait analysis was an important tool in the training of prosthetists and the development of teaching materials, helping to illustrate to them the biomechnical basis of the effects of the alignment changes that they were making.
		Gait analysis may show you "improvement" by normalisation of a gait pattern, but how important is normalisation in improving function or preventing long term deformity.
	www.univie.ac.at /cga/faq/applications.html (2269 words)

	Information-Gait Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Gait analysis was successful in describing her ankle, knee, hip and pelvic motions and her muscle firing patterns during gait.
		With the help of the gait analysis results, it was decided to perform three specific muscle lengthening procedures (Achilles, hamstrings, hip adductors) on the right and left legs and an additional muscle transfer procedure (rectus femoris) on the right.
		A postoperative gait analysis one year after the initial evaluation showed marked improvements, Sarah was walking with a cane instead of a walker.
	www.ucpmichigan.org /gait_t.html (708 words)

	Gait recognition could identify humans at a distance
		Gait recognition technology is a biometric method -- that is, a unique biological or behavioral identification characteristic, such as a fingerprint or a face.
		In the project using radar for gait recognition, results from experiments, data analysis and algorithm design are promising, says Geisheimer, who works under the direction of GTRI principal research scientist Gene Greneker, and collaborates with GTRI research engineer Bill Marshall and Georgia State University Professor of Biomechanics Ben Johnson.
		Gait recognition by radar focuses on the gait cycle formed by the movements of a person's various body parts move over time.
	gtresearchnews.gatech.edu /newsrelease/GAIT.htm (979 words)

	gait analysis
		Researchers have always used gait analysis in its various forms but now with the use of computers they are obtaining more information than ever and with less human error.
		Surgeons, doctors, orthotists, prosthetists and Physical Therapists are using instrumented gait analysis to decide on the type of intervention and to evaluate the success of the chosen treatment.
		Gait analysis has also been beneficial to engineers and manufacturers in evaluating different types of materials used to fabricate orthotics, shoes and prosthesis.
	www.umdnj.edu /idsweb/tech_reviews/Karen (3316 words)

	Vicon Peak \| Gait Analysis & Rehabilitation
		The post-walk analysis process can be set up to be completely automated – from automatic marker labeling and automatic event detection (such as foot strikes) to automatic biomechanical modeling (such as calculating joint moments).
		Vicon Peak’s unique reporting software, Polygon, is fully integrated with the data recording software, enabling the gait analysis data to be visualized as soon as a walk has been completed.
		This enables gait lab staff to carry out an initial assessment of the patient's data before he or she has left the laboratory - which means that you will not run into problems with the data quality long after the patient has gone.
	www.peakperform.com /applications/gait_analysis.html (1408 words)

	A MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM FOR GENERATING GAIT ANALYSIS REPORTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In this paper we discuss the need for better reporting of gait analysis results and describe a system that implements our concepts of how the report generation process can be improved.
		Gait analysis is a process that entails the use of much quantitative data.
		The system we have developed, Dr. Gait III, provides a means to view and electronically annotate all the information commonly present for gait analysis: medical history, physical examination, time/distance data, joint angle graphs, moments, powers, force plates, EMGs, video, and stick figures.
	www.resna.org /ProfResources/Publications/Proceedings/1997/SIG05/MultimediaGait.php (239 words)

	Athletic and Working Dogs
		The trot is a two phase gait, and the gait that is utilized by our CAV motion analysis system we currently using for the dog.
		In the trot gait, one front leg and its' contralateral rear leg are in support, followed by the other front leg and it's contralateral rear leg.
		Gait analysis is used to assess the movement of each of the individual joints and how they affect locomotion.
	www.sportsvet.com /page3.htm (834 words)

	Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function
		In addition to the descriptions of the gait functions, a representative group of clinical examples has been included to facilitate the interpretation of the identical gait deviations.
		Also, her experiences in observing polio patients has exposed her to a number of different gait patterns as the type of paralysis resulting from this disease varies from patient to patient.
		Responsibility for persons disabled by a stroke forced her to expand her analysis process as the functional pathology of the hemiplegic is much more complex than that of polio.
	www.slackbooks.com /view.asp?slackCode=11923 (1151 words)

	Gait Manual (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Results can be reported in standard gait analysis reports, but we also encourage you to analyze the 3D nature of the data in a virtual world.
		An analysis is one trial or one gait analysis.
		In addition to charting and reporting as a function of time, it is common to display data as a function of identified gait events (either gait cycle or stance phase).
	www.sportscience.org /adi2001/adi/services/support/manuals/gait (1539 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: Gait Analysis: An Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In individuals with conditions affecting their ability to walk, such as cerebral palsy, gait analysis may be used to make detailed diagnoses and to plan optimal treatment.
		Gait analysis is the systematic study of human walking, using the eye and brain of the experienced observers, augmented by instrumentation for measuring body movements and body mechanics, and the activity of the muscles.
		Gait Analysis by M.W. Whittle is a great book for those interested in biomechanics, sports and general movement of the human body.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0750652624 (850 words)

	Vicon \| Gait Analysis & Rehabilitation
		The post-walk analysis process can be set up to be completely automated – from automatic marker labeling and automatic event detection (such as foot strikes) to automatic biomechanical modeling (such as calculating joint moments).
		Vicon’s unique reporting software, Polygon, is fully integrated with the data recording software, enabling the gait analysis data to be visualized as soon as a walk has been completed.
		This enables gait lab staff to carry out an initial assessment of the patient's data before he or she has left the laboratory - which means that you will not run into problems with the data quality long after the patient has gone.
	www.vicon.com /applications/gait_analysis.html (1385 words)

	Gait Analysis
		Quantitative gait analysis is useful in objective documentation of walking ability as well as identifying the underlying causes for walking abnormalities in patients with cerebral palsy, stroke, head injury and other neuromuscular problems.
		The results of gait analysis have been shown to be useful in determining the best course of treatment in these patients.
		Clinically validated software analysis packages use OrthoTrak to analyze and display kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic data in forms that are easy to interpret.
	www.motionanalysis.com /applications/movement/gait/gait.html (196 words)

	BioAnalysis software for gait analysis and balance analysis
		BioAnalysis also provides a statistical analysis package which allows you to calculate averages and standard deviations over a range of selected trials for a large array of calculated gait, balance and power parameters.
		The Gait Module allows you to identify and mark features on the ground reaction force signals such as heal strike, toe off, maximum deceleration, mid-stance and maximum acceleration.
		Gait plots include both normalized and non-normalized versions of force (Fx, Fy, Fz, Mx, My, Mz) vs. time plots, center of pressure (COP) and ground reaction torque plots.
	www.amti.biz /Biomechanicshome/BioAnalysisSoftware.htm (529 words)

	Gait analysis for cerebral palsy
		Gait analysis for cerebral palsy evaluates the movements of the lower body while walking.
		Gait analysis can show the exact movement of the lower body as a person walks.
		Gait analysis is not painful, and usual activities can resume as soon as the test is completed.
	my.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/aa55457.asp (244 words)

	Gait Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The gait analysis involves an evaluation of your current and past training shoes and a video recorded computer analysis of your walking and running mechanics.
		he fee includes anatomical exam, computerized biomechanical analysis of walking and running on a treadmill, and a recommendation for running shoes that matches the anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of your feet and gait pattern.
		icholas Stergiou, Ph.D., is the director of the Gait Analysis Laboratory.
	www.unocoe.unomaha.edu /hper/fitness/gait.htm (394 words)

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