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Topic: Gaius Claudius Nero

	Nero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		His maternal grandfather Germanicus was himself grandson to Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia, adoptive grandson to her second husband Caesar Augustus, nephew and adoptive son of Tiberius, son of Drusus through his wife Antonia Minor (sister to Antonia Major) and brother to Claudius.
		Nero was proclaimed an adult in 51 at the age of 14.
		Nero had thrown open his grounds for the display, and was putting on a show in the circus, where he mingled with the people in the dress of charioteer or drove about in his chariot.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/N/Nero.htm (3271 words)

	Claudius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus was born in Lugdunum (Lyon) in 10 BC, as the youngest son of Nero Drusus (Tiberius' brother) and of Antonia the younger (who was the daughter of Marc Antony and Octavia).
		So Claudius came to be the first Roman emperor in a line of many to follow who was not truly appointed by the senate, but by the army's men.
		Claudius was extremely surprised and appears to have been indecisive and confused as to what to do.
	www.roman-empire.net /emperors/claudius.html (1676 words)

	BBC - History - Claudius I (10 BC - AD 54; Roman emperor AD 41 - 54)
		Claudius I (Tiberius Claudius Nero Germanicus) was the fourth Roman emperor, in succession to Gaius ('Caligula').
		Claudius was the grandson of Livia (second wife of Augustus), grandson of Mark Antony and Octavia (sister of Augustus), and the brother of the popular Germanicus.
		Claudius is well known in English-speaking countries from Robert Graves' books I, Claudius and Claudius the God (both 1934) and from their successful TV adaptations (1976).
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/claudius.shtml (707 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Claudius
		Claudius was remembered (negatively) by tradition as being noticeably profligate in dispensing grants of Roman citizenship to provincials; he also admitted "long-haired" Gauls into the senatorial order, to the displeasure of the snobbish incumbents.
		Claudius, then, is a more enigmatic figure than the other Julio-Claudian emperors: at once careful, intelligent, aware and respectful of tradition, but given to bouts of rage and cruelty, willing to sacrifice precedent to expediency, and utterly ruthless in his treatment of those who crossed him.
		Claudius may have suffered from cerebral palsy, but medical diagnoses in the absence of physical remains and at a distance of 2,000 years are not the soundest.
	www.roman-emperors.org /claudius.htm (5562 words)

	Ancient Roman Emporers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus was born in 41 AD to Nero Claudius Drusus and his wife Antonia.
		Claudius' reign is marked with an expansion of the Roman Empire.
		Although Claudius was generally thought of as a weak leader and was labeled, even by his own family, as someone not worthy to rule; he made notable contributions to the development of the Roman empire.
	www.crystalinks.com /romemperors.html (2890 words)

	BBC - History - Nero (AD 37 - 68; Roman emperor AD 54 - 68)
		Nero (Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar) was the fifth Roman emperor, in succession to his stepfather Claudius I. His weakness of character and his incompetence resulted in the first civil war for a century, and the end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (the dynasty founded by Augustus).
		Nero was born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, and was, through his mother Agrippina the Younger, the only surviving direct male descendant of Augustus.
		Nero was accused, implausibly, of having started the fire, and also, less implausibly, of having 'fiddled while Rome burned' by using the burning city as a backdrop for an impromptu performance of his 'Sack of Troy'.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/nero.shtml (795 words)

	SUETONIUS
		So far from being actuated by any wish or hope of increasing or extending the empire, he even thought of withdrawing the army from Britain and changed his purpose only because he was ashamed to seem to belittle the glory of his father.
		Hence he was in high favour with Claudius, became one of his staff of intimate friends, and was treated with such consideration that the departure of the expedition to Britain was put off because Galba was taken with a sudden illness, of no great severity.
		Vespasian IV In the reign of Claudius he was sent in command of a legion to Germany, through the influence of Narcissus ; from there he was transferred to Britain, where he fought thirty battles with the enemy.
	www.roman-britain.org /books/suetonius.htm (622 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Caligula
		Gaius was born on 31 August, A.D. 12, probably at the Julio-Claudian resort of Antium (modern Anzio), the third of six children born to Augustus's adopted grandson, Germanicus, and Augustus's granddaughter, Agrippina.
		"The Principates of Tiberius and Gaius." ANRW 2.2 (1975): 86-94.
		Gaius 55.3; Dio 59.14.7; His alleged setting up of a brothel in the palace may contain a kernel of truth, even if the story is much embellished, see T.A.J. McGinn, "Caligula's Brothel on the Palatine," EMC 42 (1998): 95-107.
	www.roman-emperors.org /gaius.htm (2495 words)

	Secrets of the Dead . The Great Fire of Rome \| PBS
		Nero's mother soon convinced Claudius to marry her and make Nero the heir to the empire.
		Nero became the emperor of Rome at age 16.
		There is some support for the theory that Nero leveled the city on purpose: the Domus Aurea, Nero's majestic series of villas and pavilions set upon a landscaped park and a manmade lake, was built in the wake of the fire.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/secrets/case_rome (684 words)

	[No title]
		GAIUS LUTATIUS CATALUS, the Consul in command, surprised the enemy and occupied the harbors of Drepana and Lilybaeum in 242.
		Nero returned south without delay, and the first intimation that Hannibal had of this battle was the sight of his brother's head thrown into the camp by the victorious foe.
		Gaius with 3,000 of his friends was murdered in 121, and the Senate was once more master of the situation.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/etext04/8rome10.txt (23172 words)

	Outlines of Roman History, Chapter 24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Claudius is usually represented as a weak imbecile; but his reign stands out in refreshing contrast to the cruel tyranny of Tiberius and the wild extravagances of Caligula.
		If we except the scandals of the court, the reign of Claudius may be regarded as inspired by prudence and a wise regard for the welfare of his subjects.
		THE REIGN OF NERO (A.D. The “Quinquennium Neronis.”—Nero was the grandson of Germanicus and a descendant of Augustus.
	www.forumromanum.org /history/morey24.html (2944 words)

	The Scholars of Shen Zhou :: View topic - Biographies and Essays by SOSZ Members
		From this marriage was Nero Caesar, Drusus Caesar, Gaius (the Emperor Caligula), Agrippina the Younger, Drusilla and Julia Livilla.
		Claudius would have had noted the ancestry of Agrippina; she was of the blood of Augustus and the daughter of Germanicus, both of them highly popular and regarded in the memory of the Romans.
		Gaius executed the two men and banished the sisters to the Pontian Islands, causing the future Nero to be placed in the care of his aunt, Domitia Lepida.
	www.the-scholars.com /viewtopic.php?t=3381 (10165 words)

	Additional Reading (from Claudius) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The novels of Robert Graves, I, Claudius and Claudius, the God, and His Wife, Messalina (1934), draw from the traditions of the ancient historians.
		Discovered hiding in the palace by a soldier, Claudius was proclaimed emperor of Rome by the Praetorian Guard in AD 41.
		His nephew, the emperor Caligula, had just been assassinated by his own officers, and Claudius had hidden in fear that he would be next.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-1347?tocId=1347 (793 words)

	Nero: Roman Emperor
		The reign of Claudius was brought to an end by poison--the notorious Locusta was employed by Agrippina for the purpose--and he was succeeded by Nero, to the exclusion of Britannicus.
		The latter, enraged at the dismissal of Pallas, threatened her son with the legitimate claims of Britannicus, son of Claudius; Nero had the boy poisoned.
		Nero then capped his matricide by suborning the same scoundrel who had murdered Agrippina to bring foul and false charges against his innocent wife, Octavia: who was thus done to death when not yet twenty, that her husband might be free to marry Poppaea.
	www.publicbookshelf.com /public_html/Outline_of_Great_Books_Volume_I/neroroman_cf.html (601 words)

	Battle of Battle of Metaurus (207 BC)
		The Romans therefore sent an army under the consul Gaius Claudius Nero to keep Hannibal occupied while another army uder the consul Marcus Livius Salinator was sent north to oppose Hasdrubal.
		Arriving tired from their march, Nero nevertheless was determined to offer battle at once before Hasdrubal could realise he was there.
		Nero's plan was thwarted when Hasdrubal's scouts reported that the trumpets had sounded twice that morning at the consul's tent.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/battles/metaurus.html (568 words)

	Rome vs. Carthage: The Day the World Trembled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Nero had served in the field against both Hannibal and Hasdrubal, with no remaining record chronicling any particular success.
		And when they attempted to reconcile him with Nero, he rejected the notion out of hand, stating that it was best for Rome that he and Nero continue to hate each other, because each would do his duty better under the watchful eye of a determined enemy.
		Nero, after all, faced Hannibal, the general who always seemed to know everything, whose prowess as a commander had now reached mythic proportions.
	www.thehistorynet.com /mh/blromevscarthage/index1.html (1189 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Kleiner and Matheson, I Claudia II
		Married to the emperor Nero, she was first divorced by her husband, then banished by him on contrived charges of adultery and treason, and finally put to death.
		Equally public in her demonstration of virtue was Claudia Pulchra, daughter of Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul in 143), who rode with her father in his chariot during a military triumph that he chose to celebrate during a senatorial ban.
		Agrippina and Nero and other imperial mothers and sons were often depicted in freestanding family portrait groups that were arranged in architectural settings around the empire.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exklei2p.html (6190 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Hannibal (general)
		After his victory Hannibal crossed the Apennines and invaded the Roman provinces of Picenum and Apulia, recrossing thence to the fertile Campania, which he ravaged.
		There he almost completely annihilated a Roman army of more than 50,000 men under the consuls Lucius Aemilius Paulus, who was killed in the battle, and Gaius Terentius Varro (died after 200 bc), who escaped with the remnant.
		Hasdrubal, however, was surprised, defeated, and slain by the Roman consul Gaius Claudius Nero in the Battle of the Metaurus (Metauro) River.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761574573___2/Hannibal_(general).html (481 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Nero, professing to be a connoisseur, thought that he improved the Alexander of Lysimachus by gilding it from head to foot.
		The decrees and reforms of Claudius wee not likely to reassure the faith of an age which had witnessed in contemptuous silence, or with frantic adulation, the assumption by Gaius of the attributes of deity after deity, had tolerated his insults against their sublimest objects of worship, and encouraged his claim to a living apostheosis.
		Yet in the days of Claudius the number of those thus butchered was so great that the statue of Augustus had to be moved that it might not constantly be covered with a veil (Dion Cass.
	www.preteristarchive.com /Books/1882_farrar_edoc_01.html (3565 words)

	Nero
		Gaius A.D. 37 to 41--Tiberius' grandnephew, son of Germanicus (Germanicus was Tiberius' nephew--the son of Tiberius' brother Drusus)
		Claudius A.D. 41 to 54--Tiberius' nephew, brother of Germanicus
		Nero A.D. 54 to 68--stepson/adopted son of Claudius; his mother, Agrippina, was one of Claudius' wives
	socrates.berkeley.edu /~rcknapp/Classics10B/26_Nero.htm (80 words)

	Untitled Document
		Nero obviously felt that if he lost it would not matter, and if he won he would certainly be forgiven.
		Nero and Salinator must have been elated to discover the Punic army trapped on the south side of the river.
		Nero tried to attack the Gauls, but the steep, crumbling hill made it impossible for him to get at them.
	www.newandamazing.com /history1.htm (4243 words)

	[No title]
		The reigns of Tiberius, Gaius, Claudius, and Nero were described during their lifetimes in fictitious terms, for fear of the consequences; whereas the accounts written after their deaths were influenced by still raging animosities.
		Nevertheless, it was not he but Germanicus, the son of Nero Drusus, whom the emperor placed in command of the eight divisions on the Rhine—and, although Tiberius had a grown son of his own, he ordered him to adopt Germanicus.
		To Nero, awaiting news that the crime was done, came word that she had escaped with a slight wound—after hazards which left no doubt of their instigator’s identity.
	www.csus.edu /indiv/c/craftg/Hist050/Tacitus.doc (2629 words)

	Lecture 28: Tiberius - Nero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Claudius died after eating some specially prepared mushrooms (done by his loving wife).
		Nero rounded up the Christians and condemned them to death by being eaten by wild animals.
		Nero did a quick check to see where his friends and power lay.
	www.kcmetro.cc.mo.us /maplewoods/socsci/westciv/stock/wc1/lectures/28.htm (1198 words)

	Hum 110 Review: Spring Flavor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The "Romanest" Roman may be Gaius Mucius (Scaevola), who stuck his hand in the fire when he was prisoner.
		Gaius Silia had oxioriousness for his wife Messalina, and she took advantage of this by fooling around with other men.
		Nero gave Agrippina a dress for a gift, and Agrippina took it as he could have given her more than just that.
	www.reed.edu /~laub/hum110spring.html (2279 words)

	J495 The Long Paper: The Julio-Claudians and Their World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The IUCAT is a fine source for books and periodicals relating to this subject. Searching the holdings will be very useful, especially for sources other than the major ones read in class.
		For Tiberius, Gaius, Claudius, and Nero there is much information. Reading an article or book in French should not present any great difficulty for English speakers, especially if one has studied Spanish or French or Latin. Do not be afraid to use French.
		Claudius and Julius Caesar: A Legacy in Gaul and Britain
	www.ipfw.edu /hist/syllabi/051/J495papr.htm (1250 words)

	Pro A. Cluentio Habito by Marcus Tullius Cicero: English Text
		And besides the suddenness of this death, and the exclamation of the dying woman, everything which is considered a sign and proof of poison was discovered in her body after she was dead.
		When the judges were about to come to their decision, Gaius Junius, the president, asked the defendant, according to the provisions of the Cornelian law which then existed, whether he wished the decision to be come to in his case secretly or openly.
		Gaius Junius, who presided over that trial, has been condemned; add that also, if you please,--he was condemned at the time that he was a criminal judge.
	www.uah.edu /student_life/organizations/SAL/texts/latin/classical/cicero/procluentio1e.html (14187 words)

	NOVA ROMA ::: Camenaeum ::: RES PUBLICA
		Titus Manlius Torquatus (I) Gaius Atilius Bulbus (I)
		Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus (I) Gaius Livius Drusus
		Gaius Gracchus declared a public enemy; he and 3,000 supporters are executed.
	www.novaroma.org /camenaeum/republic.htm (544 words)

	[No title]
		\par In so doing, Claudius began creating a sort of Imperial civil service, whose officials were directly dependent on the emperor and on whose loyalty he could rely.
		\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\tab Agrippina mainly interested in getting her son to succeed - Nero \par \par 54 AD Claudius dies under mysterious circumstances \par His wife (and niece) Agrippina is accused of poisoning Claudius with mushrooms so that Nero would become emperor.
		\par \par Claudius had always been kept at home, being considered of physically unfit to do anything important (the Romans more than we do considered physical disability a sign mental disability).
	www.luc.edu /faculty/ldossey/julioclaud-relig.rtf (1557 words)

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