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Topic: Gaius Sempronius Gracchus

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	GRACCHUS - LoveToKnow Article on GRACCHUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		TIBERIUS SEMPRONIUS GRACCHUS, consul in 238 B.c., carried on successfuloperations against the Ligurian mountaineers, and, at the conclusion of the Carthaginian mercenary war, was in command of the fleet which at the invitation of the insurgents took possession of the island of Sardinia.
		Gaius then decided to act; against the wishes of his mother be became a candidate for the tribuneship, and, in spite of the determined opposition of the aristocracy, he was elected for the year 123, although only fourth on the list.
		Gaius also proposed the establishment of colonies in Italy (at Tarentum and Capua), and sent out to the site of Carthage 6000 colonists to found the new city of Junonia, the inhabitants of which were to possess the rights of Roman Citizens; this was the first attempt at over-sea colonization.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GR/GRACCHUS.htm (2500 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gaius was aiming not at destroying the senate but at correcting the tendency he perceived in it of not acting as he thought it should.
		Gaius passed a law that indicated that the senate had to pick the provinces for the next year's consuls before their election and prohibited tribunician veto of this vote.
		Gaius had a large program of reform, by which he tried to remedy what he perceived to be problems in society, especially the inability of the senate to carry out its functions properly.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /gracchus-gaius.htm (5888 words)

	gaius sempronius gracchus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gaius Sempronius Gracchus (154 BC-121 BC) was a Roman politician of the 2nd century BC.
		Tiberius was killed in 132 BC near the Capitol, during an armed confrontation with political enemies, lead by Publius Cornelius Scipio Corculum, their cousin.
		Gaius Gracchus left only one daughter from his marriage to Licinia Crassa.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Gaius_Sempronius_Gracchus (666 words)

	Gaius Gracchus -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gaius was born in 154 BC as the youngest son of Tiberius (Click link for more info and facts about Sempron) Sempronius Gracchus (who died in the same year) and (Click link for more info and facts about Cornelia Africana) Cornelia Africana.
		Gaius’ military career started in Numantia, as (Click link for more info and facts about military tribune) military tribune appointed to the staff of his brother in law, Scipio Aemilianus.
		Gaius started his political career in 126 BC, as (Any of several public officials of ancient Rome (usually in charge of finance and administration)) quaestor to consul Lucius Aurelius Orestes in Sardinia.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ga/gaius_gracchus.htm (760 words)

	Tiberius Gracchus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tiberius and his brother Gaius Gracchus were to be two men who should become famous, if not infamous, for their struggle for the lower classes of Rome.
		Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus at first distinguished himself in the army (as an officer in the Third Punic was he is said to have been the first man over the wall at Carthage), after which he was elected quaestor.
		Gracchus now replied by applying his own veto as Tribune to every sort of action by government, in effect bringing the rule of Rome to a standstill.
	www.roman-empire.net /republic/tib-gracchus.html (1069 words)

	New Page 71 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Close to the passing the law on the juries Gaius passed a law establishing that the contracts for collecting the tithe in the province of Asia be let at auction by the censors in Roma rather than by the governor in Asia establishing the contracts for collecting the tithe in Asia itself.
		Gaius' next step, perhaps acting to counter the rising discontent of the Roman citizens, was to pass legislation that authorized the establishment of Roman colonies in the Italian peninsula.
		Gaius' death may have ended the period of Gracchi leadership and their attempt at reform but it was near the vortex of the storm of the Roman Revolution and the beginning of others attempting to assume the mantle of Gracchi appeals to groups to challenge the control of the senatorial oligarchy.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /WestCivI/new_page_71.htm (3861 words)

	Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, Senior (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When a new cousul was going to succeed him, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus the Elder recalled that he had botched his replacement's election, which effectively invalidated his successors's election and allowed himself the time to complete the conquest of the island.
		Gracchus the tribune of 133 and C. Gracchus the tribune of 123-22.
		Gracchus the elder and Cornelia had twelve children, of whom only three survived to adulthood: Tiberius (born in 163), Gaius (born in 154), and the daughter Sempronia.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /WestCivI/tiberius_sempronius_gracchus,_senior.htm (744 words)

	Research Paper David Chudzicki
		Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was born between 169 and 164 BC.
		Gaius Sempronius Gracchus was born between 160 and 153 BC.
		Gaius wanted the Latin speaking peoples to be incorporated into Rome as full citizens and have self government, and for the non-Latin speaking peoples to have an intermediate status, not as privileged as the Latin speaking ones.
	home.nycap.rr.com /chudz/gracchi.htm (1057 words)

	Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gracchus’ bill, as sound and perfectly legal as it may have been, was immediately opposed by the Senate.
		Gracchus was in real danger of court trial or even assassination if he couldn’t get re-elected as Tribune.
		Unfortunately for Gaius and his allies, this move was extremely unpopular with not only the Senate, but the head count of Rome as well.
	homepages.stuy.edu /~badgleyb/html_docs/gracchi.htm (2124 words)

	Roman Republic
		Beginning with the agrarian reform of Tiberius Gracchus in 133, the political convulsions became more and more severe, resulting in a series of dictatorships, civil wars, and temporary armed truces during the next century.
		Gracchus' reform was simply to put more land in the hands of veterans, but ominously, his Senatorial opponents responded to his political machinations by killing him in the street.
		His younger brother Gaius Gracchus continued the reform efforts, promoted the extension of the franchise to all the cities of Italy, and established the equites as a new force in Roman politics.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/roman_republic_1.html (1751 words)

	Gaius Gracchus biography
		When Tiberius was murdered, Gaius was serving with the army in Spain under his brother-in-law, the younger Scipio Africanus.
		Gaius stood for the tribuneship, and was elected in 123.
		Gaius Gracchus and Fulvius Flaccus were now deserted by most of their supporters; they were compelled to take refuge on the Aventine Hill.
	www.dromo.info /gracchusgbio.htm (469 words)

	All Empires - The Romans, Part III: 114 BC - 27 AD - THE AGE OF SOCIAL REFORM AND CIVIL WAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		To appease all of these critics Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus put in the law that there would be a compensation for those who had to give away a lot of land.
		Inside a small battle followed in which Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was beaten to death with remains of a destructed chair.
		Gaius then tried to pass a law that would make sure Carthago would be colonised by plebeians from Rome, but the senate sabotaged this plan and he had to flee.
	yiannis95.brinkster.net /empires/rome133bc_14ad/rome1.htm (3361 words)

	MSN Encarta - Roman Empire
		In 44 bc Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman leader who ruled the Roman Republic as a dictator, was assassinated.
		Nearly a century of intermittent civil war, which extended from the rule of the Gracchi, beginning about 133 bc, to the death of Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 bc, threatened to destroy the unity and prosperity of Rome itself (See also Gracchus, Gaius Sempronius and Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius).
		Gaius Maecenas, who was descended from an Etruscan noble family, became the emperor’s closest domestic advisor, and the general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, who was also of Italian descent, married the emperor’s daughter, Julia.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_1741502785/Roman_Empire.html (2563 words)

	Gaius Gracchus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His program included not only agrarian laws, that stated that lands illegally acquired by the rich should be redistributed to the poor, but also laws that regulated the price of the grain.
		Life of Gaius Gracchus and Life of Tiberius Gracchus from Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans by Plutarch:
		Dryden's translation of Plutarch's Life of Gaius Gracchus on the MIT classics website
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gaius_Gracchus (682 words)

	Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		While seeking reelection, Gracchus was publicly assassinated on the steps of the Capitol by a mob of senators headed by patrician P. Scipio Nasica.
		Following his brother's murder, Gaius alike served with Scipio Aemilianus and, after serving two years as consul in Sardinia, was elected tribune of the plebians in 123 and 122.
		It was suppressed by the first-ever use of the soon infamous senatus consultum ultimum (the "ultimate decree" of martial law), and, in a riot in the Forum led by followers of the Senatorial party, he was murdered, together with 3000 of his supporters.
	heraklia.fws1.com /contemporaries/gracchi (1217 words)

	Historical Background for Spartacus
		Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, a noble plebeian, was elected tribune.
		Gracchus was very popular with the masses, so he ran for a second consecutive term as tribune (though this was unconstitutional).
		Gaius Sempronius Gracchus (the younger brother of Tiberius) was elected tribune for two successive years; through the Assembly, he increased the power of the equestrian class at the expense of the senators.
	www.vroma.org /~bmcmanus/spartacus.html (1541 words)

	GRACCHUS - Online Information article about GRACCHUS
		TIBERIUS SEMPRONIUS GRACCHUS, probably the son of (I), distinguished himself during the second Punic war.
		Roman cause and was connected with Gracchus himself by ties of hospitality.
		Gaius was declared a public enemy, and the consuls were invested with dictatorial See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GOA_GRA/GRACCHUS.html (2306 words)

	GRACCHUS - Encyclopedia Britannica - GRACCHUS - JCSM's Study Center
		GRACCHUS, in ancient Rome, the name of a plebeian family of the Sempronian gens.
		In 213 Gracchus was consul a second time and carried on the war in Lucania; in the following year, while advancing' northward to reinforce the consulsin their attack on Capua, he was betrayed into the hands of the Carthaginian
		These measures raised Gaius to the height of his popularity, and during the year of his first tribuneship he may be considered the absolute ruler of Rome.
	www.jcsm.org /StudyCenter/Encyclopedia_Britannica/GOA_GRA/GRACCHUS.html (1892 words)

	Roman Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Beginning with the agrarian reform of Tiberius Gracchus in 133, the political convulsions became more and more severe, resulting in a series ofdictatorships, civil wars, and temporary armed truces during the next century.
		Gracchus' reform was simply to put more land in the hands of veterans, but ominously, his Senatorial opponents responded tohis political machinations by killing him in the street.
		His younger brother Gaius Gracchus continued the reform efforts, promoted the extension of the franchise to all the cities ofItaly, and established the equites as a new force in Roman politics.
	www.therfcc.org /roman-republic-6793.html (1655 words)

	Gaius Sempronius Gracchus -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		In 123 Gaius Gracchus, a younger brother of Tiberius, became tribune.
		Making the most of his martyred brother's name, Gaius embarked on a scheme of general reform in which, for the first time in Rome, Greek theoretical influences may be traced.
		Gaius Maecenas was a diplomat and counselor to the Roman emperor Augustus.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9365916 (548 words)

	AllEmpires - Rome: 133 BC - 14 AD: Civil War and Augustus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When he travelled through Etruria on his way to a war in Hispania, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus saw all of the small farms were bought up by rich patricians with huge farming companies, latifundiae.
		The senate was not amused, to say the least, and made it clear that they would prosecute Tiberius as son as his terms of tribune ended, which meant he would lose his immunity for the law.
		Gaius Sempronius Gracchus had been in his brothers shadow until his death in the fight in the curia.
	www.allempires.com /empires/rome133bc_14ad/rome1_.htm (874 words)

	TIBERIUS SEMPRONIUS GRACCHUS AND GAIUS SEMPRONIUS GRACCHUS: AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR STATESMANSHIP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Execution of the law temporarily arrested the decline of the Roman peasantry, but many of the supporters of T. Gracchus "disappeared" into the countryside on their new lands and T. Gracchus had to rely on the support of the urban masses.
		In evaluating Tiberius Gracchus as a statesman based on the criterion of effectiveness, he was clearly a failure.
		This is not to deny his considerable personal abilities or to impugn his motives, which, although they may have been influenced by resentment toward the senate and a desire to gain greater personal power, may have been largely shaped by a genuine desire to serve Rome and help the less fortunate members of society.
	www.portergaud.edu /cmcarver/tsg.html (3108 words)

	[No title]
		Laws enacted by Gaius Gracchus did all of the following except which: a) prohibited military conscription before the age of 17, b) provided clothing for military troops, c) regulated the grain supply in Rome, d) provided for construction of a new Roman aqueduct, or e) established colonies at Tarentum and elsewhere.
		Gaius Gracchus provided that the rights of tax-gathering in what province be put up for auction in Rome?
		Gaius Laelius brought up agrarian reform for discussion/debate during either his praetorship (145 BC) or possibly his consulship (140 BC).
	www.speakeasy.org /~bwduncan/cary20.txt (1486 words)

	Caius Atticus Guilliams
		Roman tribune who reenacted the agrarian reforms of his brother, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, and who proposed other measures to lessen the power of the senatorial nobility.
		Celebrated Roman general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58-50 BC), victor in the Civil War of 49-46 BC, and dictator (46-44 BC), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of March.
		Gaius is said, nevertheless, to have carried on his religious work for his last eight years concealed in the catacombs.
	home.houston.rr.com /bguilliams/Caius/caius.html (860 words)

	The Avalon Project : Agrarian Law; 111 B.C.
		The legislation of Tiberius was reaffirmed in the tribunate of his brother Gaius (123-122 B C) with certain modifications, and the economic health was to be improved further by establishing colonies both in Italy and abroad.
		The latter plan was largely abandoned in 121 B.C., however, because it threatened the interests of the Italians and the allied communities and because the cheap grain available at Rome disciplined many to undertake the rigors of colonial life.
		The death of Gaius Sempronius Gracchus in 121 B.C. followed by further changes in the Gracchan laws.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/medieval/agrarian_law.htm (4228 words)

	Tiberius and Gaius Sempronius Gracchus Biography / Biography of Tiberius and Gaius Sempronius Gracchus Biography ...
		roman ·; collapse · senate ·; 163 · gaius · consul · roman soldiers · quaestor · overzealous · scipio · tiberius · scipio africanus · roman politics · crassus · appius claudius · gracchus · mucius scaevola
		154-121 B.C.) Gracchus, commonly known as the Gracchi, were Roman political reformers who, through their use of the plebeian tribunate, set Roman politics on a course that ended in the collapse of the republic.
		Sons of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, twice consul and censor, and Cornelia, daughter of Scipio Africanus, the conqueror of Hannibal, the Gracchus brothers belonged to one of the most distinguished families in Rome with wide connections among the nobility.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-tiberius-sempronius-gracchus/index.html (243 words)

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