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Topic: Galileo positioning system

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	Galileo Positioning System Encyclopedia Article @ Headed.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Galileo positioning system is a proposed satellite navigation system, to be built by the European Union (EU) as an alternative to NAVSTAR (which is controlled by the United States military) and the Russian GLONASS.
		All European Union member states became strongly in favour of the Galileo system in late 2002 and, as a result, the project actually became over-funded, which posed a completely new set of problems for the European Space Agency (ESA), as a way had to be found to convince the member states to reduce the funding.
		A strong motivator for an independent system is that, though NAVSTAR is now widely used worldwide for civilian applications, it is a military system, which as recently as 2000 had selective availability that may be enabled in particular areas of coverage during times of war.
	www.headed.org /encyclopedia/Galileo_positioning_system (2167 words)

	Space Today Online - Satellites - Europe's Galileo global positioning system GPS satellites
		Galileo is the largest European space project to date with the eventual constellation of 30 satellites forming a global network providing precise timing and location information to users on the ground and in the air.
		Galileo is intended to guarantee the countries of the European Union – the EU, also known as Europa – access to their own GPS service.
		Galileo also will transmit a signal back to the lost user on the ground, acknowledging his situation has been detected and that help is on the way.
	www.spacetoday.org /Satellites/GalileoEuroNavSat.html (1293 words)

	Why War? Keywords: Global Positioning System
		The GPS system was designed by and is controlled by the United States Department of Defense and can be used by anybody for free.
		The system consists of a "constellation" of 24 satellites in 6 orbital planes.
		Many synchronization systems use GPS as a source of accurate time, hence one of the commonest applications of this use is that of GPS as a reference clock for time code generators or NTP clocks.
	www.why-war.com /encyclopedia/objects/global_positioning_system (2023 words)

	The Real Story of Galileo
		The real story about Galileo is much more interesting, and I have only been able to cover it so fully thanks to the tireless researches of my co-author Dr Richard North, who published a learned Bruges Group paper on Galileo in 2004 and reports regularly on later developments on his blog, www.eureferendum.blogspot.com.
		Unlike the GPS system, which is free to all users, the EU hopes through Galileo to impose charges on every aircraft using European air space, and eventually, via tolls and congestion charges, on almost every motorist using the EU's roads.
		Galileo's other purpose is to provide the centrepiece for the EU's bid to create its own armed forces, independent of the US - and incidentally to boost its members' arms sales to countries such as China (which already has a fifth share in Galileo), by selling them weapons and vehicles which are Galileo-dependent.
	campaignfortruth.com /Eclub/060206/CTE-galileo.htm (600 words)

	Global Positioning System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The system consists of a "constellation" of least 24 satellites in 6 orbital planes.
		This offset a dramatic proof of the theory of in a real-world system as it is that predicted by the theory within the of accuracy of measurement.
		Many synchronization systems use GPS as a source accurate time hence one of the commonest of this use is that of GPS a reference clock for time code generators or NTP clocks.
	www.freeglossary.com /Global_positioning_system (2253 words)

	ITworld.com - Galileo satellite code cracked
		Galileo is backed by the E.U. as an independent alternative to the U.S.' Global Positioning System (GPS), which is primarily intended for the military, and as recently as 2000 only provided limited access to the public.
		The 3 billion euro Galileo project is expected to be in operation by 2010, with the aim of providing better accuracy, improved coverage at higher latitudes and independence from the U.S. system.
		Galileo finally published the codes in mid-May, as part of its Interface Control Document (ICD), but included intellectual property restrictions that struck industry observers as surprisingly strict.
	www.itworld.com /Tech/5051/060717galileo/pfindex.html (610 words)

	Galileo-Navigation system.com All the news about the european "Galileo satellite navigation" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The launch of Europe's Galileo satellite navigation system could be delayed until 2010, two years behind schedule, because of disputes over financing and strategy between the EU Commission and the contractors hired to build the system, according to a report in French daily Le Monde.
		Galileo will be compatible with existing systems such as GPS and EGNOS, and is expected to be fully operational before the end of this decade with a constellation of 30 satellites.
		Galileo is due to enter service in 2008.The Commission and the ESA are together advancing around andapos;1.1 billion (US$1.3 billion) of the andapos;3.2 billion they expect it will cost to develop Galileo.
	www.galileo-navigationssystem.com /indexe.htm (5852 words)

	Energy and Transport - GALILEO
		In a few years time this will be possible with the GALILEO satellite radio navigation system, an initiative launched by the European Union and the European Space Agency.
		This enables any individual to determine his or her position or the location of any moving or stationary object (e.g.
		GALILEO is based on a constellation of 30 satellites and ground stations providing information concerning the positioning of users in many sectors such as transport (vehicle location, route searching, speed control, guidance systems, etc.), social services (e.g.
	ec.europa.eu /dgs/energy_transport/galileo/index_en.htm (398 words)

	Galileo positioning system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Galileo positioning system is a proposed satellite navigation system, to be built by the European Union (EU) as an alternative to GPS (which is controlled by the United States military) and the Russian GLONASS.
		A strong motivator for an independent system is that, though GPS is now widely used worldwide for civilian applications, it is a military system, which as recently as 2000 had selective availability that may be enabled in particular areas of coverage during times of war.
		Galileo's proponents argue that civil infrastructure, including aeroplane navigation and landing, should not rely solely upon GPS.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Galileo_positioning_system (2059 words)

	Global Positioning System - MSN Encarta
		GPS, formally known as the Navstar Global Positioning System, is operated and maintained by the United States Department of Defense.
		GPS tracking systems are used to route and monitor delivery vans and emergency vehicles.
		In a method called precision farming, GPS is used to monitor and control the application of agricultural fertilizer and pesticides.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579727/Global_Positioning_System.html (773 words)

	Galileo satellite navigation system
		Its goal is to provide the world in general and Europeans in particular with an accurate, secure, and certified satellite positioning system with applications in road, rail, air, and maritime traffic control, synchronization of data transmission between banks, and so forth.
		Although Galileo will be incommercial competition with NAVSTAR-GPS (and so, not surprisingly, has been opposed by the American government), it will also complement GPS and provide redundancy.
		The Galileo system will consist of 30 satellites (27 in operation and 3 in reserve), deployed in three circular medium Earth orbits at an altitude of 23,616 km and an inclination of 56° to the equator.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/G/Galileo_satellite_navigation.html (273 words)

	Galileo Concession: Shortlisting to proceed
		Bidders will be evaluated on the basis of their technical and financial credentials and their ability to put forward a coherent business plan, notably for the delivery of the future Galileo system services.
		Galileo, whose development and validation phase is being co-funded by ESA and the EU, will give Europeans - and indeed the world at large - a precise and secured satellite positioning facility.
		The Galileo system will be built around a constellation of 30 satellites providing excellent coverage of the entire planet and a ground infrastructure to include two centres in Europe to control satellite operations and manage the navigation system.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-10/esa-gcs101703.php (265 words)

	Space - - The Galileo Programme
		Today's two principal satellite radionavigation systems, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Glonass, are both under military control, the former controlled by the US and the latter by Russia.
		As Europe is in the process of developing an integrated transport system, it is vital to develop independent positioning and navigational systems which are precise and reliable.
		The function of this transitional system, whose infrastructure will later be integrated into Galileo, is to inform the user within a very short time of any malfunction likely to affect the quality of the signal transmitted by geostationary satellites.
	ec.europa.eu /comm/space/programmes/galileo_en.html (643 words)

	From Galileo's pendulum to the Global Positioning System
		Many refinements of the pendulum clock were needed to allow for the pitching and rolling of a ship at sea, especially during a storm, but eventually the problem was solved and the prize was awarded.
		The descendant of those efforts is the modern Global Positioning System, which uses precise clocks in orbiting satellites to determine a particular location on the ground below.
		From Galileo's pendulum to the Global Positioning System is a long journey indeed, but the steady motion of the swaying chandelier can still be detected at every stage.
	newsinfo.iu.edu /news/page/normal/1427.html (637 words)

	Galileo Galilei - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-3.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Galileo was born in Pisa, in the Tuscany region of Italy, on February 15, 1564.
		Galileo was also the first to report lunar mountains and craters, whose existence he deduced from the patterns of light and shadow on the Moon's surface.
		Galileo also put forward the basic principle of relativity, that the laws of physics are the same in any system that is moving at a constant speed in a straight line, regardless of its particular speed or direction.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Galileo_Galilei (4927 words)

	Wikinfo \| Global Positioning System
		The Global Positioning System, usually called GPS, and originally named NAVSTAR, is an intermediate circular orbit (ICO) satellite navigation system used for determining one's precise location and providing a highly accurate time reference almost anywhere on Earth.
		The first of 24 satellites that form the current constellation of the Global Positioning System (Block II) was placed into orbit on February 14, 1989.
		This offset is a dramatic test of the theory of relativity in a real-world system; the offset of which is measured is exactly that predicted by theory, within the limits of accuracy of measurement.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=GPS (1703 words)

	The Seattle Times: Nation & World: EU launches satellite for positioning system
		PARIS — The European Union on Wednesday launched the first satellite in its $4.5 billion Galileo global positioning system, a bid to enhance the world's growing reliance on satellite navigation and break the U.S. monopoly on space-based networks.
		Galileo represents "the independence of the European Union," French Foreign Minister Philippe Douste-Blazy said Wednesday after the 1,300-pound test satellite soared into orbit atop a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the steppes of Kazakhstan.
		The U.S. system, the only one in operation, was designed for the military, and in its encrypted mode is used to guide warplanes through the air and precision weapons to their targets.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/nationworld/2002709431_galileo29.html (583 words)

	Galileo positioning system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Galileo positioning system (not to be confused with, or abbreviated to, GPS) is a planned satellite navigation system, intended as a European alternative to the United States Global Positioning System (GPS).
		The first stage of the Galileo program was agreed upon officially on May 26, 2003 by the European Union and the European Space Agency.
		EGNOS is a system of satellites and ground stations designed to increase the accuracy of the current GPS and GLONASS in Europe.
	galileo-positioning-system.kiwiki.homeip.net (933 words)

	Galileo settled - 06 March 2004 - New Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		THREE years of squabbling between the US and the European Union over the EU's Galileo satellite positioning system ended on Wednesday with Europe agreeing to use a slightly less accurate signal than it planned.
		Though GPS, the US Global Positioning System is open and free to use, European governments want an alternative.
		The final stumbling block concerned Galileo's public signal, which the US said was too close to a planned military one of its own known as the M-Code.
	www.newscientist.com /article/mg18124370.600.html (198 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Europe's first Galileo satellites named 'GIOVE'
		Galileo realised that the formation of these four satellites, whose eclipses are frequent and visible, provided a clock whose face could be seen from every point on the Earth.
		Galileo's method of determining longitude by observing the eclipses of Jovian satellites heralded a revolution in navigation, geodesy and cartography in the 17th and 18th Centuries.
		Galileo is a joint initiative of the European Commission and the European Space Agency.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0511/11giove (1450 words)

	Leaked USAF Report Targets European GPS Satellites: Science Fiction in the News
		Galileo is a set of thirty satellites and associated groundstations that is due to go into operations in 2008, providing a rival to the US Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) network.
		Galileo is a product of the European Union and the European Space Agency aimed at the lucrative GPS service market.
		Galileo is expected to provide as many as 150,000 jobs throughout Europe.
	technovelgy.com /ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=243 (496 words)

	Impact of Galileo on 1270 MHz Windprofiler Radars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The European Radiocommunications Office (ERO) have published ECC Report 90 which considers the impact of the Galileo Positioning System on Windprofile Radars which operate between 1270 and 1295 MHz.
		However, it should be noted that this solution is Galileo system dependent and might not be possible for future RNSS systems.
		It is also recommended that the WPR manufacturers and operators should liaise with RNSS operators or system developers to establish the most appropriate mitigation technique to apply to WPR perhaps on an individual basis.
	www.southgatearc.org /news/june2006/galileo_windprofiler_radar.htm (385 words)

	Capgemini joins Alcatel and its partners in the consortium formed to bid on the European Galileo satellite positioning ...
		This consortium is short-listed to become the Galileo concessionaire, the civilian radio-navigation system initiated by the European Commission and the European Space Agency.
		The Galileo positioning system is based on a constellation of thirty satellites providing global coverage.
		Capgemini has skills in consulting, system integration and deployment and we are proud to have the chance to contribute to the largest European infrastructure program.
	www.capgemini.com /news/2004/0625galileo.shtml (652 words)

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