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	Galileo (spacecraft) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons.
		Galileo conducted the first asteroid flyby, discovered the first asteroid moon, was the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter, and launched the first probe into Jupiter's atmosphere.
		Galileo's imager was panned downward during the exposure to separate the pulses, thus blurring earth's image on the right.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Galileo_spaceprobe (5287 words)

	CNN.com - Galileo tape player jams before moon visit - May 23, 2002
		Galileo, which has orbited Jupiter since 1995, is slated to conduct one more major scientific excursion before plunging to its death into the giant planet.
		Galileo snapped this image of an Io volcano on an earlier pass of the moon.
		The suicide run, slated for September 2003, is to ensure that the Galileo does not strike and contaminate the moon Europa, which scientists think could harbor microbial life.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/TECH/space/05/23/jupiter.galileo/index.html (320 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Crash plan for Galileo spaceprobe
		Galileo, the $1.5bn Nasa spacecraft exploring Jupiter and its moons, may be deliberately crashed in 2002.
		A member of the Galileo imaging team says the US space agency is considering the action to avoid any chance that it could strike and contaminate the moon Europa with microbes from Earth.
		Galileo was launched in 1989 from the space shuttle Atlantis and travelled 4.3 billion kilometres (2.7 billion miles) before entering orbit around Jupiter in December 1995.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/664834.stm (325 words)

	Europa (moon)
		Europa is somewhat similar in bulk composition to the terrestrial planets, being primarily composed of silicate rock.
		The Galileo spaceprobe has found that Europa has a weak magnetic field (about 1/4 of the strength of Ganymede's and similar to Callisto's), and, most interestingly, it varies periodically as it passes through Jupiter's massive magnetic field.
		On March 2, 1998 NASA announced that Galileo had uncovered very strong evidence that there is a conducting material beneath Europa's surface, most likely a salty ocean.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/eu/Europa_(moon).html (890 words)

	NASA's Galileo space probe disintegrates over Jupiter
		Galileo's 14-year mission was drawn to a close as the craft had run low on fuel.
		Galileo transmitted data back to NASA until its signal was lost for good.
		NASA technicians feared Galileo could contaminate that ocean with microbes carried from Earth if it had collided with Europa, and thus affect a potential source of life and future scientific discovery.
	www.spacedaily.com /2003/030921230441.zavyrggu.html (442 words)

	Preview Of Galileo's Jupiter Mission
		Galileo will fly by at a distance of 3,600 km, and this will be used to increase the probe's speed by 5 km per second.
		Galileo is capable of transmitting data at a rate of 134,000 bits per second on the X-band frequency (8,415 MHz).
		Galileo will be the first mission in history to send a probe into the atmosphere of a planet of the outer Solar System, and it will also be the first mission to place a spacecraft in orbit around a planet of the outer Solar System.
	gchbryant.tripod.com /Articles/Jupiter0989.htm (3968 words)

	Galileo Space Probe/Orbiter
		In December, 1995, Galileo dropped the Probe to study the planet’s atmosphere beneath the clouds.
		The Galileo Probe successfully descended into Jupiter’s atmosphere on December 7, 1995, and directly measured the atmosphere of the giant planet for the first time.
		Galileo mission planners are investigating the possibility of scheduling additional visits to Io and Callistro.
	library.thinkquest.org /J002741/Galileo_Space_Probe.htm (643 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Galileo ends in blaze of glory
		"Galileo has provided a fantastic database that will be a rich source of progress in the planetary sciences for years or decades to come," said Fred Taylor, professor of physics at Oxford University, UK, who has worked on the mission for 30 years.
		Galileo was the first space craft to drop a probe into the gas-giant's atmosphere.
		Galileo was the first spacecraft to fly by an asteroid and the first to discover a moon of an asteroid.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/3122432.stm (625 words)

	Galileo Project Information
		Interplanetary studies were also made sporadically by some of the other Galileo instruments, including the dust detector, magnetometer, and various plasma and particles detectors, during its six year journey to Jupiter.
		Although Galileo was not the first mission to explore Jupiter (actually, it is the sixth), it has established a number of "firsts" during its journey.
		Galileo and the Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact on Jupiter
	nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov /planetary/galileo.html (810 words)

	The New Yorker : fact : content (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Galileo may be able to confirm the existence of a rocky ring close to the planet—a feature that has long been suspected.
		Galileo had been specifically designed for shuttle deployment; after the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger in January, 1986, a newly safety-conscious nasa had decided that the orbiter’s original, liquid-fuelled booster—which was more powerful but also potentially more dangerous than a solid-fuel device—couldn’t be lofted alongside the shuttle’s human cargo.
		Galileo’s handlers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory realized that it would be necessary to store all the incoming images and other scientific data gathered by its instruments during its flybys of Jupiter’s moons.
	www.newyorker.com /fact/content/?030908fa_fact (4460 words)

	The Sagan criteria for life revisited
		As Galileo flew toward our planet, the Earth was centered in the windshield and then again in the rear-view mirror as Galileo continued on its journey to Jupiter.
		The example of porphyrins on the Moon is particulary intriguing in the context of the Galileo flybys and Sagan's subsequent criteria for life.
		Galileo didn't detect porphyrins during its flyby of the Moon, but they were there in quantities too small to see.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-05/NSFC-TSCF-210599.php (1749 words)

	Jupiter spaceprobe knocked out on final voyage - 06 November 2002 - New Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Galileo has been forced into hibernation on previous orbits but has never before been exposed to such a high dose of radiation.
		Seconds after passing Amalthea, Galileo entered the Amalthea Gossamer Ring, a dust belt that stretches from the moon to Jupiter's main dust ring.
		Galileo then flew on through Jupiter's inner magnetosphere, a high-radiation environment filled with charged particles close to the planet's surface.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3025 (508 words)

	SPACE.com -- Galileo Prepares for Final Fling Around Jupiter
		Galileo has functioned in orbit more than three times longer than its originally planned mission.
		He told SPACE.com that Galileo's high priority at Amalthea is to better understand the bulk density of the small Jovian moon.
		At present, Galileo's solid-state tape recorder is stuck in the stall position.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/solarsystem/galileo_update_020524.html (917 words)

	SPACE.com -- Farewell to Galileo
		The remnant radiation from Galileos RTG power supply would be bad enough, but scientists are most worried about the possibility of contaminating Europa with terrestrial microbes.
		Even though Galileo has been in space since 1989, and in Jupiters huge magnetic field since 1995, it is still possible that some hitchhiking microbes could have been sealed inside the spacecraft during its construction on Earth, and survived its 14-year journey.
		The Galileo spacecraft was never intended to encounter an atmosphere, and while some instruments are expected to return data as Galileo approaches Jupiter, it is also expected that the spacecraft will break apart quickly then vaporize as it descends into Jupiters atmosphere.
	www.space.com /searchforlife/seti_phillips_galileo_030918.html (1488 words)

	SPACE.com -- New Images From The Galileo Probe Orbiting Jupiter Reveal the Moon Io's Fiery Nature
		Sulfur Dioxide on the Chaac region of Io Galileo also took new pictures of a strange volcanic region called Tvashtar Catena, which was seen to be erupting last fall.
		Until Galileo, scientists were aware of only about 20 volcanic regions, fleetingly photographed during the two Voyager-probe flybys two decades ago.
		Stereo Image of Zal Patera and Neighboring Mountain, Io The $1.4 billion Galileo spacecraft was launched from Space Shuttle Atlantis in 1989 to study Jupiter and its moons, arriving at the giant planet in 1995.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/solarsystem/galileo_new_io_000601.html (509 words)

	CNN.com - Galileo's gone, but successor in works - Sep. 22, 2003
		Galileo was sent on a suicide plunge into Jupiter on Sunday to prevent it from striking Jupiter's larger satellites, considered some of the most promising sites to search for life beyond Earth.
		Unlike Galileo, which was limited to brief moon flybys as it orbited Jupiter, the proposed craft would be able to circle individual moons.
		Galileo, its propellant running low and its electrical systems on the blink, nonetheless kept a handful of instruments on during the final hours, giving scientists a chance to squeeze some final observations about Jupiter's upper atmosphere from the $1.4 billion mission.
	edition.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/09/22/galileo.crash/index.html (1267 words)

	NASA's Solar System Exploration: Galileo Legacy Site
		Galileo plunged into Jupiter's crushing atmosphere on Sept. 21, 2003.
		The spacecraft was the first to fly past an asteroid and the first to discover a moon of an asteroid.
		Galileo was the first to measure Jupiter's atmosphere with a descent probe and the first to conduct long-term observations of the Jovian system from orbit.
	galileo.jpl.nasa.gov (158 words)

	CNN.com - A smashing end for Jupiter explorer - Sep. 21, 2003
		NASA charted the collision course to prevent Galileo, a heap of metal, plutonium and gadgets the size of a sport utility vehicle, from striking Jupiter's larger moons, considered some of the most promising sites to search for life beyond Earth.
		Galileo arrived in Jupiter orbit in December 1995.
		"Galileo is one of the most successful outer-worlds missions that the Earth has ever launched," said Colleen Hartman, NASA's director of solar system exploration.
	www.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/09/21/galileo.crash/index.html (1279 words)

	Galileo's mission heads for a glorious but grisly end - www.smh.com.au
		The spacecraft is so low on fuel it will not be able to point its antenna towards Earth or adjust its trajectory, but scientists believe it will be able to send back a few hours of information on its last descent.
		Astronomers hope to retrieve Galileo's data, but radiation from Jupiter could be a problem.
		Galileo orbited Jupiter 34 times and obtained the first direct measurements of Jupiter's atmosphere by sending a descent probe parachuting towards the planet in 1995.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/09/19/1063625212800.html?from=storyrhs (483 words)

	The Galileo trials
		Galileo would use this device at Jupiter to send data and pictures home at a rate about equal to a slow Internet-link.
		Galileo's date with destiny was abruptly cancelled at 11:40 a.m., when Challenger and her crew were lost in a horrific explosion shortly after lift-off.
		Not only was Galileo saddled with the nuclear hot potato from its genesis, it was also designed with a specific launch vehicle in mind - the Shuttle - which, in the 1970s, seemed a problem-prone white elephant that wasted billions of taxpayers' dollars.
	www.atlasaerospace.net /eng/newsi-r.htm?id=805 (1231 words)

	CNN.com - Robot ship braces for death by Jove - Sep. 22, 2003
		Galileo, its propellant running low and its electrical systems on the blink, will nonetheless keep a handful of its 10 instruments on during the final hours, giving scientists a chance to squeeze some final data from the $1.4 billion mission.
		NASA charted the collision course to prevent Galileo, a heap of metal, plutonium and gadgets the size of a sport utility vehicle, from striking Jupiter's largest moons, considered some of the most promising sites to search for life beyond Earth.
		Galileo dived within dozens of miles over many of Jupiter's satellites, flying through volcanic plumes of sulfur on Io and detecting promising signs of hidden oceans underneath the surface of other planet-size moons.
	edition.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/09/19/galileo.crash (1145 words)

	Spaceprobe's final secrets remain inaccessible - 26 November 2002 - New Scientist
		The secrets of the Galileo spaceprobe's final mission remain locked inside its tape recorder, which may have suffered irreparable damaged during a pass through Jupiter's intense inner radiation belt.
		Data from Galileo's final flyby could provide valuable new insight into the evolution of Jupiter-sized planets and their moons.
		Galileo has already survived five years longer than originally planned.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3109 (329 words)

	Guardian \| What have we learned from the Galileo space probe?
		This is the main reason why Nasa has now steered Galileo into a fatal collision course with Jupiter itself.
		The probe is virtually out of the fuel that is needed to steer it and scientists were worried that if they lost control of Galileo it might crash into Europa, possibly contaminating the moon with Earth bacteria stowed away all these years.
		Galileo will at least go out in a blaze of glory.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,4755214-111392,00.html (381 words)

	Gaga for Galileo
		The Earth flybys were arranged because Galileo was originally to have been launched on a space shuttle for a trip to Jupiter in 1986, preceded by a shuttle lofting another plutonium-fueled probe, Ulysses, that was to do a survey of the sun.
		She observed that on Galileo, "beneath its sparkling exterior are billions and billions of bacteria.
		Michael Benson in a lengthy article on Galileo's end in The New Yorker (9/3/03), although not mentioning that Galileo was the first unsterilized NASA space probe, did report that NASA was sending it into Jupiter because of the microorganism problem--and that "obliteration" in the hot Jupiter atmosphere would solve the problem.
	www.fair.org /extra/0402/grossman.html (2011 words)

	links to Galileo Galilei, person, galileo, space probe, and GALILEO, Georgia Library Learning Online. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer and physicist who demonstrated the truth about the Copernican theory with the telescope.
		Galileo is also a NASA spacecraft that was launched in 1989 to study the atmosphere of Jupiter and then to proceed to further space exploration.
		GALILEO is a project sponsored by the university system of Georgia and the board of regents.
	www.gwinnett.k12.ga.us /HarrisES/media_center/galileo.html (147 words)

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