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Topic: Gallipoli Campaign

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	Gallipoli [Australian War Memorial]
		Most of the men recruited into the Australian Imperial Force at the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 were sent to Egypt to meet the threat which the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) posed to British interests in the Middle East and to the Suez Canal.
		During the early days of the campaign, the allies tried to break through the Turkish lines and the Turks tried to drive the allied troops off the peninsula.
		The most successful operation of the campaign was the evacuation of the troops on 19–20 December under cover of a comprehensive deception operation.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/gallipoli (313 words)

	Gallipoli campaign - All About Turkey
		The Gallipoli campaign took place between April and December 1915 in an effort to take the Dardanelles from the Turkish Ottoman Empire (an ally of Germany and Austria) and thus force it out of the war.
		These forces were to be split into two groups, the first group was to seize the Seddulbahir area and open the Straits whilst the second was to land in the Kabatepe region, seize the Conkbayir area and obstruct the Turkish Forces moving down from the north.
		Of the two divisions deployed on the Gallipoli peninsula one was the 19th division which served as the Chief of Command Reserve Force in Bigali.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /gelibolu.htm (3820 words)

	Battle of Gallipoli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A plan for an attack and invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula was eventually approved by the British cabinet in January 1915.
		Amongst the generals, Gallipoli marked the end for Hamilton and Stopford but Hunter-Weston was granted another opportunity to lead the VIII Corps on the first day of the Battle of the Somme.
		Gallipoli was also instrumental in the fall of the prime minister H.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Gallipoli (4643 words)

	Gallipoli campaign - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Gallipoli campaign 1915, Allied expedition in World War I for the purpose of gaining control of the Dardanelles and Bosporus straits, capturing Constantinople, and opening a Black Sea supply route to Russia.
		The two-month lag between the navy's arrival at Gallipoli (Feb., 1915) and the arrival of land forces (Apr., 1915) gave the Turkish army ample time to reinforce its troops.
		Military geography: the influence of terrain in the outcome of the Gallipoli Campaign, 1915.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-gallipol-c.html (437 words)

	Gallipoli Campaign Failure - History Forum
		When discussing this campaign do not forget the many Irishmen who fought and died, from Dublin and Belfast.the dublin fusilliers were decimated as were the Ulster rifles and were formed together as the Dubsters.
		Gallipoli was the plan thought up by Winston Churchill to end the war early by creating a new war front that the Central Powers could not cope with.
		The Gallipoli campaign is a different type of operation altogether, and although I am no Winston apologist, I've got to say that the concept behind the Gallipoli landing was sound.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=5489 (1492 words)

	(GALLIPOLI) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		GALLIPOLI, Turkey — Here at the place where half a million men fell during one of the fiercest battles of World War I, the Turkish Government is planning to open a "peace park" dedicated to the memory of the dead and the ideal of reconciliation.
		During the grim days when this spit of land was being soaked in blood during the 1915 Gallipoli campaign, it must have seemed inconceivable that it would ever come to symbolize anything besides carnage and the waste of young lives.
		The Gallipoli peninsula was declared a national park in 1973, but since then a number of illegal structures have been built on beaches where Allied troops landed and around nearby villages.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /Gallipoli.htm (2514 words)

	[No title]
		Therefore the address he made in 1934 in Gallipoli reflects the sincere feelings of all the Turkish families who lost one or more member during that war.
		Further disastrous landings and assaults in August and, in his view, the continued mismanagement of the campaign led him to make another attempt to influence the government, by sending a letter to the Prime Minister with Australian correspondent Keith Murdoch.
		Ashmead-Bartlett was dismissed as a war correspondent in the Dardanelles on 30 September 1915 (he had already unsuccessfully applied to the NPA to be relieved).
	www.lycos.com /info/dardanelles--gallipoli-campaign.html (480 words)

	Gallipoli: The Facts & the Myths
		In this context the Dardanelles, or Gallipoli, campaign was conceived.
		Perhaps the most remarkable individual achievement of the campaign was that of Lieutenant-Commander Bemard Freyberg, awarded the DSO for swimming naked in an ice-cold sea for two miles to light flares on the coast at Bulair.
		Whilst the Gallipoli campaign was being waged, the ' Young Turks ' government launched an horrific attack on Armenian civilians, some of whom were suspected of supporting the Allied cause.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/ww1/anzac/gallipoli-facts.htm (5580 words)

	Gallipoli Guide - Anzac Day for New Zealanders
		The landing, like the Gallipoli campaign itself, was ambitious and ultimately unsuccessful: the peninsula remained in its defenders' hands.
		The Gallipoli campaign was a relatively minor part of the First World War (1914-18), but it has great significance for New Zealand's history and it has become an important symbol of its national identity.
		The campaign was the first time that New Zealand stepped on to the world stage, and the New Zealanders made a name for themselves fighting hard, against the odds, in an inhospitable environment.
	www.anzac.govt.nz /gallipoliguide/index.html (403 words)

	The Gallipoli Campaign 1915 - 1916
		The term 'Gallipoli' refers to the attempts by the French, British and Commonwealth forces during 1915 and 1916 to force the Dardanelles and constitutes one of the most interesting (if not controversial) operations in World War One.
		Its lessons were far reaching, and were remembered long after the event in such campaigns as the Normandy Landings in 1944 and the Falklands Conflict of 1982.
		The evacuations were organised and conducted in a real show of brilliance, first of Anzac-Suvla and then of Helles in December and January, with not a man being lost, under the noses of the Germans and Turks who had nothing but admiration for their conduct.
	www.rickard.karoo.net /articles/battles_gallipoli.html (908 words)

	Australian's at War - Gallipoli sources [Australian War Memorial]
		Moorehead's Gallipoli, he wrote, was the work of 'a brilliant journalist, not an historian.' It is true that Moorehead wrote with the flair of an experienced journalist, and for the general reader who wants to gain a feel for the campaign and those who conducted it, his book provides an interesting and readable overview.
		While the book tells us little of the Gallipoli campaign, it is a fascinating study into how Simpson, a member of the 3rd Field Ambulance, has passed into legend, and of how that legend came to affect individual recollections of the campaign.
		It is impossible to view the Gallipoli campaign in its entirety without some knowledge of the naval attempts to force a passage through the Dardanelles in the months before the landings.
	www.awm.gov.au /atwar/gallipoli.htm (2836 words)

	HELLFIRE CORNER - Australia - The Great War - 1914-18
		The names Gallipoli and Dardanelles tend to be used interchangeably, and are sometimes alternated with "the straits" or "the peninsula".
		Gallipoli (or Gelibolu) refers to the town, over 30km from the battlefields, which was never an objective and never saw any fighting.
		Perhaps the enormity of the loss and devastation at V Beach, in a campaign that is not short of heartbreaking failure and bloody slaughter, overwhelmed his professionalism and his objectivity.
	www.fylde.demon.co.uk /morangallip.htm (13019 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Gallipoli Front - An Overview
		While much of their time, effort and resources were consumed by the requirements of the struggle in France and Flanders both governments gradually came around to the notion of opening up another front in the Mediterranean, one that offered possibly better prospects of success.
		When put into effect on 6 August 1915 it took the form of a three-pronged attack: a diversionary action at Helles; movement northwards from Anzac Cove towards Sari Bair; and the centrepiece of the offensive, a landing in force at Suvla Bay by freshly arrived divisions operating under General Sir Frederick Stopford.
		As it was Hamilton was facing increasing criticism from London as grim news of the expedition reached home, along with complaints of his mismanagement of the campaign (from the Australian journalist Keith Murdoch among others).
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/overview_gf.htm (2801 words)

	The Gallipoli Campaign
		The aim of this was for the troops to move overland and attack the forts which were overlooking the Dardanelles Strait, and to seize the Turkish capital, Constantinople.
		This is the action shown in the 1981 film Gallipoli, which presents an inaccurate view of the strategic situation and distorts the role of the British (‘drinking tea on the beach while the Anzacs are being slaughtered at the Nek’).
		Many of the battlefield areas on the Gallipoli Peninsula have now been farmed, and would be unrecognisable to the men of 1915.
	www.dva.gov.au /commem/commac/studies/anzacsk/aday4.htm (1563 words)

	The End of the Campaign - The Gallipoli Campaign - NZHistory.net.nz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Gallipoli campaign was a costly failure for the Allies and an important victory for the Turks.
		The rough parity was sustained as the campaign progressed with the thirteen Allied divisions eventually facing fourteen Turkish divisions.
		Nevertheless, the fighting at Gallipoli was always less murderous than on the Western Front, where most of the Australians and New Zealanders would shortly head.
	www.nzhistory.net.nz /war/gallipolicampaign-theend (744 words)

	GALLIBOLI WARS
		This documentary presents a different point of view in telling the Gallipoli tragedy, a part of World War I. It will be broadcasted in April on SBS, Australia.
		Gallipoli wars can be examined in two phases; sea wars and land wars.
		It seemed like it was their succsess,but infact it was wrong decision which was made by Turks not to fight back during their evacuation.Our next generation will always remember those unknown heros with their incredible epics.
	www.iit.edu /~agunsal/canakkale/canwar.html (3831 words)

	The Gallipoli Campaign - NZHistory.net.nz
		The campaign had no great impact on the outcome of the war, and it was a costly failure for the Allies that cost thousands of lives - 2721 New Zealanders lost their lives.
		The Gallipoli campaign was New Zealand's first major effort during the First World War.
		A campaign in the Eastern Mediterranean might, moreover, encourage Italy to enter the war on the Allied side.
	www.nzhistory.net.nz /war/gallipolicampaign (1217 words)

	Dardanelles & Gallipoli campaigns in WW1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		campaigns with their aim of capturing Constantinople and knocking Turkey out of the war in one fell swoop.
		The Dardanelles, through to the Sea of Marmara is a narrow, winding passage flanked on the north by the Gallipoli peninsula.
		Gallipoli - Heavy and intermittent fighting continues in Gallipoli through to July and then August, when further landings are made.
	www.naval-history.net /WW1CampaignsDardanelles.htm (4437 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Special Report \| 1998 \| 10/98 \| World War I \| Gallipoli: Heat and thirst
		The Gallipoli campaign was a disaster from beginning to end.
		Although the campaign had taken some of the pressure off the Russian front, its overall failure encouraged Bulgaria to ally with the central powers.
		The Gallipoli campaign also cost the lives of more than 100,000 allied and Turkish soldiers with another quarter of a million wounded.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/special_report/1998/10/98/world_war_i/203383.stm (460 words)

	Gallipoli, Turkey, WW1, Anzac, Light Horse
		One example of this at Gallipoli was the invention in May 1915 of the periscope rifle by L/Cpl. Beech of Sydney.
		One of the saddest aspects of the Gallipoli campaign is contained in the book 'To What End did They Die?' by R. Walker which lists the British and ANZAC officers who died there.
		Gallipoli survivors who then went to the Western Front in Southern Belgium and Northern France discovered that the hell of Gallipoli was only a prelude to an unprecedented human bloodbath amidst clinging mud moonscapes; poison gas; horrendous, unending artillery barrages; barbed wire, sodden uniforms and the likely possibility of immediate death.
	users.netconnect.com.au /~ianmac/gallipol.html (1406 words)

	Gallipoli Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Gallipoli is the name of both a city and a peninsula in the eastern Dardanelles, guardian of the approach to Constantinople (called Istanbul after 1930), the Bosporus and the Black Sea.
		The Central Powers’ offensive against Russia was temporarily weakened by the Gallipoli diversion, but the Allied failure to achieve their ends prompted the Bulgarians to enter the war on the side of Germany and Turkey.
		Gallipoli Front - An Overview, Primer to events in Gallipoli Initial Dardanelles Bombardment, Opened 19 Feb. 1915 Attempt to Force the Narrows, Opened 18 March 1915 Landings at Helles and Anzac Cove, Opened 25 April 1915 First Battle of Krithia...
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1088.html (700 words)

	Gallipoli 1915 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Gallipoli Campaign was the brain child of Winston Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty.
		Although it did not go exactly as planned, the Gallipoli Campaign was always intended to relieve German pressure, from the other fronts in France, Belgium and Russia, by forcing German forces to spread ever further across Europe.
		Demonstrating that a land offensive at Gallipoli would require no further troops from Britain, than he already had, he was finally given permission from a reluctant British government to go ahead with the operation.
	athens.dnstraffic.net /~changing/samples/ww1/gallipoli_1915.htm (4803 words)

	Amazon.com: Gallipoli 1915: Frontal Assault on Turkey (Campaign): Books: Philip Haythornthwaite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The campaign is characterised by the military incompetence of the higher commands, particularly the Allies.
		However, in spite of this, Gallipoli deserves to be, and is, also remembered for the heroism and resourcefulness of both the British army and the men of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps.
		Whether you are curious about the campaign from seeing the movie or are just curious about one of the most hopelessly galant and dramatic fights ofthe first world war, you are sure to love it.
	www.amazon.com /Gallipoli-1915-Frontal-Assault-Campaign/dp/1855321114 (1327 words)

	Gallipoli Campaign - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Gallipoli Campaign - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		The Gallipoli Campaign took place from February 1915 to January 1916 during World War I. It was a major land and sea operation in which Allied forces made up of British, French, Australian, and New Zealand troops unsuccessfully attempted an invasion of
		Gallipoli Campaign, major land and sea operation of World War I, in which Allied forces made up of British, French, Australian, and New Zealand...
	encarta.msn.com /Gallipoli_Campaign.html (131 words)

	Gallipoli Campaign and the Anzac Legend
		From the outset, the Gallipoli campaign was seen as a dangerous venture, requiring co-ordinated landings of large numbers of allied troops at exact coastal locations.
		Gallipoli is probably one of the few Great War battlefields that has remained virtually unchanged over a period of more than 80 years.
		The Gallipoli Campaign can be viewed from very different perspectives.
	members.tripod.com /~cheso_library/AAWgal.html (222 words)

	Battle At Gallipoli, 1915
		The Campaign was a fiasco, poorly planned and badly executed.
		In April, a landing on the Gallipoli Penninsula attempted to secure the shores and silence the Turkish guns.
		The Turkish forces at Gallipoli were inspired by the leadership of their commander Mustafa Kemal who, after the war, became the first president of Turkey taking the name Ataturk.
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /gallipoli.htm (1203 words)

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