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Topic: Gallium

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Gallium arsenide

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	Chemistry : Periodic Table : gallium : key information
		Ultra-pure gallium has a beautiful, silvery appearance, and the solid metal exhibits a conchoidal fracture similar to glass.
		Gallium arsenide is capable of converting electricity directly into coherent light and gallium arsenide is a key component of LEDs (light emitting diodes).
		Gallium is normally a byproduct of the manufacture of aluminium.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Ga/key.html (298 words)

	Team Gallium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Gallium team conducts research on the design, formalization and implementation of programming languages and systems.
		The Caml language embodies many of our research results.
		The Gallium team is the successor to the
	gallium.inria.fr (109 words)

	Lymphoma Information Network - Testing: The Gallium Scan
		The Gallium scan is a test used to detect inflammation.
		Radiation exposure of any sort is not usually recommended for pregnant or nursing women or for young children unless the benefits of the test exceed the risk.
		MRI, CT, and the newer PET scans may provide similar data on disease when compared to Gallium scans.
	www.lymphomainfo.net /tests/galliumscan.html (457 words)

	Gallium - MSN Encarta
		Gallium is in group 13 (or IIIa) of the periodic table (see Periodic Law); its atomic number is 31.
		Gallium was discovered spectroscopically by the French chemist Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875; a year later he isolated the element in its metallic state.
		Certain gallium compounds are excellent semiconductors and have been extensively used in rectifiers, transistors, photoconductors, and laser and maser diodes.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761568164/Gallium.html (229 words)

	Gallium - LoveToKnow 1911
		This precipitate is converted into gallium sulphate and finally into a pure specimen of the oxide, from which the metal is obtained by the electrolysis of an alkaline solution.
		Gallium oxide Ga203 is obtained when the nitrate is heated, or by solution of the metal in nitric acid and ignition of the nitrate.
		By heating gallium in a regulated stream of chlorine the dichloride GaC1 2 is obtained as a crystalline mass, which melts at 164° C. and readily decomposes on exposure to moist air.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gallium (533 words)

	Gallium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gallium is one of the metals (with caesium, francium and mercury) which are liquid at or near normal room temperature, and can therefore be used in metal-in-glass thermometers.
		Gallium is used in some high temperature thermometers, and a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin is widely available in fever thermometers, replacing mercury.
		Gallium is the rarest component of new photovoltaic compounds (such as copper indium gallium selenium sulphide or Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2, recently announced by South African researchers) for use in solar panels as an alternative to crystalline silicon, which is in currently short supply.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gallium (1066 words)

	Gallium Scan - Good Health by SETON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A gallium scan is a nuclear medicine test that uses a special camera to take pictures of specific tissues in the body after a radioactive tracer (radionuclide or radioisotope) makes them visible.
		A gallium scan is a nuclear medicine test that uses a special camera to take pictures of certain tissues in the body after a radioactive tracer (radionuclide or radioisotope) makes them visible.
		A gallium scan is used for specific types of cancers, mainly of the lymph nodes, bones, or bone marrow.
	www.goodhealth.com /health_a_to_z/health_library/medical_test/gallium_scan (1346 words)

	Radiology (Gallium Scan)
		Gallium is a radioactive compound which is injected in the vein of your arm.
		In patients with lymphoma, gallium scan is useful in the follow-up of the patients to determine response to therapy.
		In patients with sarcoidosis, gallium scan is useful to determine the extent of active disease.
	wehealny.org /services/radiology/gallium_scan.html (464 words)

	gallium — FactMonster.com
		Gallium is a liquid over a wide temperature range and has a low vapor pressure even at high temperatures; it has found limited use in thermometers and manometers for high-temperature measurements.
		Gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide are used in rectifiers and transistors as semiconductors and in lasers, light-emitting transistors, photocells, and electronic refrigeration.
		Although gallium is widely distributed in nature, it does not occur in appreciable concentrations even in germanite, the ore richest in gallium.
	www.factmonster.com /encyclopedia/gallium (282 words)

	gallium. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Gallium is a liquid over a wide temperature range and has a low vapor pressure even at high temperatures; it has found limited use in thermometers and manometers for high-temperature measurements.
		Gallium is chemically similar to aluminum, the element above it in group IIIa of the periodic table.
		Gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide are used in rectifiers and transistors as semiconductors and in lasers, light-emitting transistors, photocells, and electronic refrigeration.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ga/gallium.html (323 words)

	Gallium
		Gallium was predicted and described by Mendeleev as ekaaluminum, and discovered spectroscopically by Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875.
		Gallium exists in nature in about the same amount as lead, but it is widely dissipated and not found concentrated in any ore. It is mainly recovered from the smelter flue dust of zinc ores and as a by-product of copper smelting and aluminium production.
		Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is used as a semiconductor and in rectifiers that operate at temperatures to 316°C (600°F).
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=1132 (343 words)

	Gallium
		Gallium (Ga) is a metal which does not form distinct minerals, but substitutes for aluminum in the structure of many aluminum-bearing minerals.
		Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is the principal compound used in light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, laser diodes, and solar cells.
		Gallium was recovered as a by-product of bauxite processing in Saline County from 1947 to 1983.
	www.state.ar.us /agc/gallium.htm (205 words)

	Gallium Scan of the Body \| AHealthyMe.com
		A gallium scan of the body is a nuclear medicine test that is conducted using a camera that detects gallium, a form of radionuclide, or radioactive chemical substance.
		Gallium is known to accumulate in inflamed, infected, or cancerous tissues.
		Gallium scans also may be used to diagnose lung diseases or a disease called sarcoidosis, in the chest.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586854 (782 words)

	Gallium (Ga) - Chemical properties, Health and Environmental effects
		Gallium does not exist in pure form in nature, and gallium compounds are not a primary source of extraction.
		Gallium is more abundant than lead but much less accessible bacause it has not been selectively concentrated into minerals by any geological process, so it tends to be widely dispersed.
		Gallium is an ideal element to use in the bomb pits, but pollution is destructive to the earth and to the health of its inhabitants.
	www.lenntech.com /Periodic-chart-elements/Ga-en.htm (704 words)

	Gallium Imaging
		Gallium imaging is useful for a number of applications related to infection and tumors.
		Gallium imaging is also useful in diagnosing osteomyelitis (an infection of the bone and marrow) or in determining if a skin or soft tissue infection has spread to the bone.
		Gallium is not known to cause any side effects or adverse interactions with food or prescription drugs.
	www.brighamandwomens.org /nuclearmedicine/GalliumImaging.aspx (1099 words)

	MCW Researcher Studies Role of Gallium as Anti-Cancer Agent
		Results from a Medical College study indicated that gallium nitrate produced shrinkage of lymphoma tumors in 6 out of 14 patients whose disease had relapsed after conventional treatment; in two patients there was almost complete disappearance of the lymphoma tumors for variable periods of time.
		Chitambar is presently serving as Principal Investigator for the Medical College in a national study sponsored by the manufacturer of gallium nitrate (Ganite) to evaluate therapeutic patient response to the compound, as well as its impact on their quality of life.
		Chitambar said that gallium nitrate could play a role in the treatment of patients who are not candidates for bone marrow transplant or have had their lymphoma recur after a transplant.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/1031002402.html (984 words)

	Trojan horse strategy defeats drug-resistant bacteria
		Importantly, gallium's action was intensified in low iron condition, like those that exist in the human body.
		Gallium was even effective against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients that were resistant to multiple antibiotics.
		The idea of using gallium as a substitute for iron was developed by a group led by Bradley Britigan, a researcher at the University of Cincinnati and a co-author on this study.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2007-03/uow-ths031507.php (503 words)

	gallium meta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Gallium has the widest temperature range for any liquid metal and it is used in high temperature thermometers.
		Gallium is principally used in the manufacturing of light emitting diodes (LED's) as gallium arsenide has a unique property of converting electricity directly into light.
		Gallium is considered non-toxic and said to have possible healthful properties in cancer treatment.
	www.theverylastpageoftheinternet.com /forsale/store/gallium_metal.htm (252 words)

	Solar Cells - Gallium Arsenide Solar Cells
		Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound semiconductor, a mixture of two elements, gallium (Ga) and arsenic (As).
		Gallium is a by-product of the smelting of other metals, notably aluminum and zinc, and is rare-rarer than gold, in fact.
		Gallium arsenide for solar cells has been developing synergistically with gallium arsenide for light-emitting diodes, lasers, and other optoelectronic devices.
	www.sandia.gov /pv/docs/PVFSCGallium_Arsenide_Solar_Cells.htm (1090 words)

	Gallium
		Gallium was shown to possess an inhibition constant (Ki) of approximately 3 microns for ALAD, similar to the Ki obtained for lead in other studies.
		The plasma distribution of gallium (as an analogue of aluminium) was investigated in patients with Alzheimer disease, Down syndrome, or stroke dementia, in subjects on haemodialysis for chronic renal failure, and in healthy controls.
		Gallium scintigraphy in both children demonstrated increased radionuclide concentration throughout the lungs, a pattern indistinguishable scintigraphically from that of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).
	www.ithyroid.com /gallium.htm (6276 words)

	AMM.com - Gallium Profile
		Gallium is a bluish metal that is frequently derived from bauxite ore. At extremely high levels of purity, the metal takes on a glassy white appearance.
		Gallium is magnetic, an excellent conductor of heat and electricity and remains in liquid state in a wide range of temperatures-from 29.78 degrees to more than 2,237 degrees Celsius-making it a good high-temperature lubricant.
		Eagle-Picher, a leader in gallium research and development in the United States, was acquired by Granaria Holdings BV of the Netherlands in a transaction valued at more than $700 million in 1998.
	dwb.unl.edu /teacher/nsf/C04/C04Links/www.amm.com/ref/gall.htm (729 words)

	Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Official FDA information, side effects and uses.
		Gallium Ga 67, with a half-life of 78.3 hours, is cyclotron produced by the proton irradiation of enriched zinc oxide, is essentially carrier-free and contains negligible concentrations of other radioactive isotopes.
		Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Injection is intended for use as an adjunct in the diagnosis of certain neoplasms.
		Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Injection, as well as any other radioactive drugs, must be handled with care, and appropriate safety measures should be used to minimize external radiation exposure to clinical personnel.
	www.drugs.com /pro/gallium-citrate-ga-67.html (1659 words)

	Rhone-Poulenc's gallium plant
		On May 8th 1997, it was announced gallium chloride production would be suspended after only 28 months in operation in response to an over-supply in the world market with twenty jobs lost.
		Gallium is used in light emitting diodes as gallium arsenide and phosphide (and potential in visible diode lasers).
		Nearly all the world's gallium is sourced as a by-product of alumina production by extraction from the caustic liquor produced in processing bauxite.
	www.chemlink.com.au /gallium.htm (622 words)

	ELEMENT: GALLIUM
		Gallium is often found as a trace element in diaspore, sphalerite, germanite, bauxite, and coal.
		Gallium wets glass or porcelain and forms a brilliant mirror when it is painted on glass.
		Gallium readily alloys with most metals, and has been used as a component in low-melting alloys.
	www.radiochemistry.org /periodictable/elements/31.html (315 words)

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