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Topic: Galton, Francis

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Francis Galton Encyclopedia Article @ Encyclopedia.LocalColorArt.com Galton invented the use of the regression line, and was the first to describe and explain the common phenomenon of regression toward the mean, which he first observed in his experiments on the size of the seeds of successive generations of sweet peas. Galton was by many accounts a child prodigy--he was reading by the age of 2, at age 5 he knew some Greek, Latin and long division, and by the age of six he had moved on to adult books, including Shakespeare for pleasure, and poetry, which he quoted at length. Galton was interested at first in the question of whether human ability was indeed hereditary, and proposed to count the number of the relatives of various degrees of eminent men. encyclopedia.localcolorart.com /encyclopedia/Francis_Galton   (2561 words)

Francis Galton Francis Galton was born in Birmingham on 16 February 1822 and died at Grayshott House, Haslemere, Surrey on 17 January 1911. From Quetelet, Galton learned of the Laplace—Gauss distribution or, at it is often called, the ‘normal curve of variation from an average’, and of the fact (at least as claimed by Quetelet) that physical characteristics of human beings such as height and chest size are normally distributed. In the period between 1865 and 1885 Galton made fundamental contributions to the empirical and statistical methods by which the mind is studied, and to our understanding of both the nature of the mind and the factors that influence diversity among minds. www.thoemmes.com/404.asp?404;http://www.thoemmes.com/encyclopedia/galton.htm   (3049 words)

Francis Galton Collection, American Philosophical Society The polymath Francis Galton (1822-1911) led a privileged and adventurous life, lending his talents to the development of statistical inference, scientific meteorology, psychology, and becoming one of the first to apply the evolutionary theories of his cousin Charles Darwin to human populations, founding the new fields of eugenics and biometrics. The polymath Francis Galton led a privileged and adventurous life, lending his talents to the development of statistical inference, scientific meteorology, psychology, and becoming one of the first to apply the evolutionary theories of his cousin Charles Darwin to human populations, founding the new fields of eugenics and biometrics. The Galton Collection is a miscellaneous assemblage of 15 letters and one photocopy written by Francis Galton to a variety of correspondents. www.amphilsoc.org /library/mole/g/galton.htm   (1324 words)

Human Intelligence: Francis Galton Galton is recognized as the "father of behavioral genetics" for his ground laying twin studies where he looked at the differences between monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Although Galton is most highly recognized for his heredity studies and his proliferation of eugenics ideology, he also made many other highly notable contributions to the fields of biology, psychology, statistics, and education. Galton was the first to demonstrate that the Laplace-Gauss distribution or the "normal distribution" could be applied to human psychological attributes, including intelligence (Simonton, 2003). www.indiana.edu /~intell/galton.shtml   (1116 words)

Galton-Watson process - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Galton-Watson process is a stochastic process arising from Francis Galton's statistical investigation of the extinction of surnames. Galton originally posed the question regarding the probability of such an event in the Educational Times of 1873, and the Reverend Henry William Watson replied with a solution. Assume, as was taken quite for granted in Galton's time, that surnames are passed on to all male children by their father. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Galton-Watson_process   (333 words)

Biographies In many ways Galtons' ideas were simply a continuation of the "moral statistics" of Quetelet, for example, and culminated in the US and the UK in the philosophical "Social Darwinism" of Herbert Spenser that continues to have great currency in certain circles in the US. Galton believed that by studying human differences he could identify those individual and racial characteristics that were beneficial and detrimental and became an advocate for using government power to improve humanity-- and to preserve"superior" racial types. Galton immediately became one of the leading proponents of Darwin's theories, in particular applying theories of heredity to talents such as intelligence. tulsagrad.ou.edu /statistics/biographies/Galton.htm   (881 words)

Science Show - 25/11/00: Sir Francis Galton Francis Galton: I suspect that those of you assembled here would not relish the prospect of attending for any length of time to the rather unremarkable gentleman now before you should he fail to sustain his imitation of myself, since he would then undoubtedly be reduced to immobility and silence. Francis Galton: You see, concealed in the shaft of this walking stick is what has now become known as a Galton’s whistle, currently calibrated at 12,339 cycles per second, a frequency inaudible to humans but particularly attractive to dogs. So Galton thought it would be a good idea to experiment on rabbits and he did, and for two years solidly he did blood transfusions between different breeds of rabbits, Lop Eared and Grey rabbits. www.abc.net.au /rn/science/ss/stories/s216074.htm   (1458 words)

Francis Galton and the Eugenics Society Francis Galton was the Honorary President of the Eugenics Society for several years, and he spoke hopefully about persuading people with desirable genes to marry and have large families. Galton's successor at the helm of the Eugenics Society was Major Leonard Darwin (1850-1943), a son of Charles Darwin. Galton defined his new word this way: "Eugenics is the study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, whether physically or mentally." But he wanted more than a little study. www.eugenics-watch.com /roots/chap02.html   (4599 words)

Sir Francis Galton The science of eugenics was invented by Sir Francis Galton, an amateur British scientist. Galton was the cousin of Charles Darwin and the son of a wealthy, influential family. Galton concluded that it was possible to produce "a highly gifted race of men" by the process of selective breeding, which he later termed "positive" eugenics. iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/Spring02/Holland/Galton.htm   (162 words)

Galton, Sir Francis definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms Galton, Sir Francis: English advocate of eugenics, the idea of improving the physical and mental makeup of the human species by selective parenthood. Born in 1822, Galton was knighted in 1909 and died in 1911. Galton coined the word "eugenics" to denote scientific endeavors to increase the proportion of persons with better than average genetic endowment through selective mating of marriage partners. www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18057   (245 words)

Rocky Road: Francis Galton Galton's vision may seem chilling, but it's important to remember that he would have been sickened by the forced sterilizations and mass exterminations later carried out in the name of improving society. On the other hand, when Galton later heard of a violent dispute between European travelers and a neighboring African tribe, he sympathized with the Africans, thinking the Europeans should have remembered they were guests in someone else's country. Among Galton's many contributions to science were pioneering the use of fingerprinting and discovering the anticyclone. www.strangescience.net /galton.htm   (605 words)

The New Yorker: The Critics: Books Galton’s creed had aimed at the uplift of humanity as a whole; although he shared the prejudices that were common in the Victorian era, the concept of race did not play much of a role in his theorizing. Galton might have puttered along for the rest of his life as a minor gentleman scientist had it not been for a dramatic event: the publication of Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species,” in 1859. Galton went on to develop a measure of the strength of such fuzzy relationships, one that could be applied even when the things related were different in kind—like rainfall and crop yield. www.newyorker.com /critics/books/?050124crbo_books   (3662 words)

Francis Galton Galton invented the scatter-plot to graph the data. Prior to Galton the phenomenon of individual differences had not been considered a subject for serious study in psychology... The study of individual differences: "Galton effectively brought the spirit of evolution to bear on future psychology in his brilliant work on the problems of mental inheritance and individual differences in human capacity. www.psych.utah.edu /gordon/Classes/Psy4905Docs/PsychHistory/Cards/Galton.html   (429 words)

Yale Scientific Magzine Francis Galton offers some hope for those creative minds who, romantic at heart and a little careless in their math, aspire to make contributions to the scientific world. With Francis Galton: Pioneer of Heredity and Biometry, Bulmer achieves his intent of creating a comprehensive account of Galton’s work in biometrics and, consequently, of the roots of modern thought on the relationship between heredity and evolution. A scientist of the late nineteenth century, Galton is well known for his theories on improving the human race through eugenics and applying statistics to heredity and evolution in biometrics. research.yale.edu /ysm/article.jsp?articleID=361&printable=1   (577 words)

Francis Galton An explorer and anthropologist, Francis Galton is known for his pioneering studies of human intelligence. D W Forrest, Francis Galton : the life and work of a Victorian Genius (London, 1974). K Pearson, The Life, Letters, and Labours of Francis Galton (London, 1914-30). www.shsu.edu /~icc_cmf/bio/galton.html   (364 words)

galton.html Francis Galton, 1822-1911, was raised in a high-class intellectual environment near Birmingham, England. Galton supported a younger colleague, Karl Pearson, in the development of statistical methods for the study of individual differenc es. Galton was heavily influenced by Darwin and became interested in the heritability of human traits. www.mrs.umn.edu /~sungurea/introstat/history/w98/galton.html   (844 words)

1876 - Francis Galton Galton remains one of the founders of biometrics, the application of statistical methods to biological phenomena. Galton's passion for measurement led him to open the Anthropometric Laboratory at the International Health Exhibition in 1884, where he collected statistics on thousands of people. Galton, in his personal correspondence with Darwin, came close to this conception, but never proceeded to a testable formulation. www.laskerfoundation.org /news/gnn/timeline/1876.html   (418 words)

National Review: Good Breeding. - 'A Life of Sir Francis Galton: From African Exploration to the Birth of Eugenics' - book review Galton's case for eugenics was implicit in his mid-career writing on heritability, and was explicit even in parts of his initial Macmillan's article. (Galton called it "the law of filial regression to mediocrity," which was not exactly right, since the phenomenon results in regression for parents as well as children.) He had an extraordinary intuitive grasp of what was possible with statistics, even where others eventually had to bring more rigor to the methods. Galton's main point throughout was that human mental ability and personality traits, no less than the plant and animal traits described by Darwin, were essentially inherited. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_1_54/ai_81775384   (1434 words)

Francis Galton : Statistical Inquiries into the Efficacy of Prayer, written in 1872 Galton was the originator of much of the study of meteorology: he discovered and introduced the term anti-cyclone; he laid the beginnings of the study of genetics and laid the ground for fingerprinting. Galton founded ideas of human eugenics on much research into the heritability of intelligence and personality, matters that continue to be controversial. Galton coined the word eugenics to denote scientific endeavours to increase the proportion of persons with better than average genetic endowment through selective mating of marriage partners. www.abelard.org /galton/galton.htm   (6110 words)

Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) Galton was also a pioneer in the development of regression analysis -- a statistical technique forming the basis of prediction in widely ranging fields, such as economics and human resource management. Apart from his significant (and extensive) contributions to science in general, and psychology in particular, one may blame Galton for the fact that we have access to weather reports. A hundred years on, some investigators (e.g., Roberts, Pallier, and Goff, 1999) have demonstrated that Galton was on the right track relative to his investigation of sensory processes. www.psych.usyd.edu.au /difference5/scholars/galton.html   (337 words)

Sir Francis Galton On February 16,1822 Sir Francis Galton was born, and some years later in 1909 he died. She was Galton's first educator, and strongly believed he was some sort of child prodigy. Galton's started his career when he was 22 with science. www.vcsc.k12.in.us /th/hagen/invent/galton.htm   (608 words)

SIR FRANCIS GALTON - LoveToKnow Article on SIR FRANCIS GALTON Galton was the author of memoirs on various anthropometric subjects; he originated the process of composite portraiture, and paid much attention to finger-prints and their employment for the identification of criminals, his publications on this subject including Finger Prints (1892), Decipherment of Blurred Finger Prints (1893) and Finger Print Directories (1895). Galton was a member of the meteorological committee (1868), and of the Meteorological Council which succeeded it, for over thirty years. From the Royal Society, of which he was elected a fellow in 1860, he received a royal medal in 1886 and the Darwin medal in 1902, and honorary degrees were bestowed on him by Oxford (1894) and Cambridge (1895). www.1911ency.org /G/GA/GALTON_SIR_FRANCIS.htm   (484 words)

Steve Sailer: Thatcher Speech on the Genetic Revolution: from Marx to Darwin to Galton Galton was Darwin’s smarter cousin, a scientific polymath and inventor who has as much claim as anybody to be the father of statistics, differential psychology, fingerprinting, and the weather map. Galton’s synthesis of the classic “nurture vs. nature” debate between Marx and Darwin was that we could nurture a new nature for ourselves. Galton’s big invention was the concept of the artificial selection of humans, or “eugenics.” Eugenics has a terrible reputation, of course, much of it well deserved. www.isteve.com /Thatcher-Speech-Text.htm   (2081 words)

Sir Francis Galton - Britannica Concise Galton, Sir Francis - English explorer, anthropologist, and eugenicist, known for his pioneering studies of human intelligence. Sir Francis Galton, detail of an oil painting by G. Graef, 1882; in the National Portrait Gallery, … Search for "Sir Francis Galton" at Encyclopædia Britannica Online for all this plus dictionary definitions, magazine articles, and more. concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9365185   (538 words)

Johns Hopkins University Press Books Francis Galton Bulmer describes Galton's early ambitions and experiments—his investigations of problems of evolutionary importance (such as the evolution of gregariousness and the function of sex), and his movement from the development of a physiological theory to a purely statistical theory of heredity, based on the properties of the normal distribution. Though Michael Bulmer introduces readers to the curious facts of Galton's life—as an explorer, as a polymath and member of the Victorian intellectual aristocracy, and as a proponent of eugenics—his chief concern is with Galton's pioneering studies of heredity, in the course of which he invented the statistical tools of regression and correlation. Bulmer gives the first full account of Galton's theory of ancestral heredity which so influenced Pearson, and shows how, with his experiments on the inheritance of seed-weight in the sweet pea, Galton did for the inheritance of continuous characters what Gregor Mendel (unknown to Galton and his generation) had done for discrete characters. www.press.jhu.edu /books/title_pages/1617.html   (621 words)

Reason: The First Eugenicist: Was Francis Galton wrong to want to improve the human race? Francis Galton (1822—1911) was a distinguished polymath who made major contributions to a variety of intellectual fields. Reason: The First Eugenicist: Was Francis Galton wrong to want to improve the human race? Was Francis Galton wrong to want to improve the human race? www.reason.com /0507/cr.ks.the.shtml   (2056 words)

Life Stories Galton was convinced that variations in human intellect, energy, athleticism and just about everything else were an innate, inborn quality. Galton was born in Birmingham, UK into an illustrious scientific family. A distinguished and educated Victorian and cousin of Charles Darwin, Galton is a perfect example of conflict and contradiction in the world of science. www.channel4.com /science/microsites/S/science/life/biog_galton.html   (1369 words)

Sir Francis Galton Sir Francis Galton was a man of diverse interests and achievements which range from African exploration to human heredity and eugenics. But Galton was ultimately interested in the inheritance of what he called "talent and character" in human populations. He immediately recognized "the far-reaching application of that extraordinarily beautiful law which I fully apprehended." Galton familiarized himself with the work of Adolph Quetelet, the Astronomer Royal of Belgium, who was actually the first person to apply the normal distribution to social statistics. www.apnet.com /refer/measure/Outlines/galton.htm   (353 words)

Kantsaywhere by Francis Galton There is another document at abelard.org giving background to Francis Galton’s work, including a copy of his statistical paper on the efficacy of prayer. Galton is here reproducing the ideas and methods of his paper of 1889 on “Marks for Bodily Efficiency” and his preference for the use of percentiles. Galton, when 85 years old, broke a last lance for the use of the ogive curve, the median and quartiles. www.abelard.org /iqedfran/kantsaywhere.php   (7373 words)

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