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	Gamma Knife
		Sometimes the Gamma Knife is used along with conventional surgery or as a boost in traditional radiotherapy.
		The Gamma Knife is not an experimental procedure.
		The Gamma Knife was brought to Western New York largely through the efforts of the Director of Buffalo Neurosurgery Group, Douglas B. Moreland, MD in cooperation with Roswell Park Cancer Institute and other area physicians.
	buffaloneuro.com /Gamma_Knife/Gamma_Kinfe_2.htm (501 words)

	Washington University Neurosurgery: Gamma Knife
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is an alternative procedure useful in treating either single or multiple brain metastases with diameters of approximately 3 cm or less.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery may be useful in the treatment of benign intracranial tumors such as acoustic schwannomas, small peripherally based meningiomas, or pituitary adenomas.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is useful as an alternative to resection of acoustic schwannomas (vestibular schwannomas).
	plexus.wustl.edu /clinprog/gamma-indications.htm (670 words)

	FAQ Gamma Knife - The Gamma Knife Center of Methodist Hospital San Antonio, TX
		Gamma Knife surgery is different from conventional radiation therapy of the brain because it is only directed to the target and spares unnecessary treatment of adjacent, normal brain tissue.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is especially valuable for patients whose neurologic disorders require a difficult surgical approach or may be impossible by conventional neurosurgical techniques.
		Gamma Knife technology also is highly beneficial for patients whose lesions are situated in an inaccessible or functionally critical area within the brain.
	gammaknifesanantonio.com /faq/Index.asp (1619 words)

	Gamma Knife Center
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is especially well-suited for lesions located near delicate structures and deep areas of the brain, where traditional craniotomy is of greater risk.
		The Gamma Knife was developed by Professor Lars Leksell of the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, together with biophysicist Professor Borje Larsson.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery treatment is specifically designed to protect the patient from diffuse exposure to radiation, avoiding disfigurement and scarring problems associated with neurosurgery.
	www.gammaknifehawaii.com (525 words)

	Gamma Knife Procedure
		Gamma Knife is able to stop tumors from growing in 90 to 95 percent of all cases.
		The Gamma Knife is a metal, helmet-like device that emits the radiation beams.
		Gamma Knife works in AVM patients by damaging the abnormal tangle of blood vessels in their brains, and forming scar tissue.
	www.umm.edu /features/gamma_knife.htm (741 words)

	Gamma Knife Australia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Gamma Knife (a registered trademark of Elekta Radiosurgery of Atlanta, GA) Radiosurgery replaces the surgeon's scalpel with a single, high dose of gamma radiation.
		The patient lies on the treatment bed of the Gamma Knife unit while the frame is affixed to the appropriate collimator which determines the size of the treatment.
		Gamma Knife surgery is different from conventional radiation therapy of the brain because it is only directed to the target and spares unnecessary treatment of adjacent, normal brain.
	www.gammaknifeaustralia.com /faq.html (1417 words)

	Good Samaritan Hospital - Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is performed by a highly skilled, multidisciplinary team that includes a neurosurgeon, a radiation oncologist, and a radiation physicist - all with expertise in the use of the Gamma Knife.
		The recent upgrade of the Good Samaritan Gamma Knife unit and the renovation of the clinical area serve to demonstrate the Center's commitment to providing the latest in technological advancements in an environment that is both comfortable and relaxing.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery allows Good Samaritan experts to treat lesions that were previously inaccessible or treated unsuccessfully by conventional surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy - providing hope to patients who may have few viable options.
	www.goodsam.org /clinical/gamma2about.html (581 words)

	Gamma Knife Center - University of Maryland Medicine
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is recognized world-wide as the preferred treatment for metastatic brain tumors and has proven effective for certain primary brain tumors and arteriovenous malformations.
		The Gamma Knife removes the physical trauma and the majority of risks associated with open surgery.
		Because Gamma Knife treatment is so effective, it is recognized and covered by the majority of insurance plans.
	www.umm.edu /gammaknife (330 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia / Stereotactic Radiosurgery
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery and other treatments for TN usually relieve the sharp electric-like pains that are triggered by light touch, but are less likely to relieve the constant, untriggered pains.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a major advance in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, an otherwise agonizing condition characterized by paroxysmal triggered face pain.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery not only relieves the pain as well as the other neurosurgical forms of treatment, but it does so with fewer complications.
	www.irsa.org /trigeminal_neuralgia.html (1677 words)

	Gamma Knife Center
		Gamma Knife surgery is a non-invasive alternative to conventional surgery.
		Using their combined expertise, as well as sophisticated computer modeling, the team precisely tailors the Gamma Knife surgery to conform to the exact geometry of the patient’s abnormality– maximizing damage to abnormal tissue while minimizing radiation exposure to surrounding healthy tissue.
		Diane Kessack, R.N., B.S.N., is the Gamma Knife Coordinator.
	www.wkni.org /gamma_knife.cfm (963 words)

	Elekta \| Gamma Knife® surgery
		Leksell Gamma Knife® produced a revolution in intra-cranial surgery when the method was introduced.
		Gamma Knife® surgery, sometimes referred to as stereotactic radiosurgery, is a non-invasive method for treating brain disorders.
		Gamma Knife® surgery can normally be performed in a day, and the convalescence time is extremely short.
	www.elekta.com /healthcare_international_gamma_knife_surgery.php (235 words)

	Gamma Knife Surgery for Brain Tumors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Gamma Knife surgery is a radiosurgery using focused radiation to target the brain tumor.
		The Gamma Knife is called a knife because it makes a clean “cut” — a sharp line like a knife and it destroys the tumor.
		There is increasing interest and research in using the Gamma Knife for patients with chronic pain, Parkinson’s Disease, trigeminal neuralgia (facial pain), epilepsy and certain psychological disorders with an organic origin.
	rhihealth.com /gpage22.html (709 words)

	Cyberknife and Gamma knife
		Gamma Knife surgery should not be considered instead of microsurgery for the vast majority of patients, including young and otherwise healthy individuals.
		The Gamma Knife is used exclusively for the brain and cannot be used to treat conditions in any other part of the body.
		I believe that I was led from micro-surgery to Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in such a dramatic way for a reason; to help convince the UK medical fraternity and acoustic neuroma patients that radiosurgery should be the treatment of choice in many cases.
	www.gammaknife.co.uk /reference/pressclip.html (1695 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a radically different approach to brain surgery that yields extremely positive results.
		The Gamma Knife is a revolutionary instrument that uses radiation, or gamma rays, to selectively destroy brain tumors or blood vessel abnormalities deep within the brain.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a one-session treatment, as opposed to traditional radiation therapy which is administered over time in multiple sessions.
	www.palmettohealth.com /facilities/richland/departments/gamma (996 words)

	Gamma knife - Information for physicians
		The Gamma Knife is a form of stereotactic radiosurgery that delivers a high dose of ionizing radiation to a targeted area deep within the brain, often in places that were formerly considered inoperable.
		The Gamma Knife may be used as the primary treatment to manage lesions or as an adjunct to traditional surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy to treat residual lesions following surgery or recurrent tumors.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery requires the expertise and collaboration of a variety of specialists.
	www.aurorahealthcare.org /services/gammaknife/physicians.asp (1185 words)

	Methodist Hospitals \| Gamma Knife
		An office appointment with a Gamma Knife Team member is necessary for evaluation and initiation of the plan of care.
		Gamma Knife referral to the Neurosurgeon may be for structural, vascular or functional intervention in the brain.
		When you return to the Gamma Knife center, a clear plastic helmet with many holes in it will be placed on your head over the frame in order to measure the configuration of your head.
	www.methodisthospitals.org /healthcare/gammaknife.asp (1740 words)

	Gamma Knife Center - trigeminal neuralgia, brain tumors, glioblastoma, arteriovenous malformations - San Antonio, TX
		The Gamma Knife Center at Methodist Hospital offers a non-invasive alternative for patients who have been diagnosed with benign and malignant brain tumors, vascular abnormalities and Trigeminal Neuralgia.
		More than 273,000 patients throughout the world have received Gamma Knife treatment, which is becoming more widely available due to its numerous advantages, including being low-risk, cost-effective, and accurate.
		Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery is a form of brain surgery which does not require an incision (bloodles surgery).
	gammaknifesanantonio.com (250 words)

	Information for Physicians - Yale-New Haven Gamma Knife Center
		Gamma Knife can achieve tumor control and reduce the mass effect of metastatic lesions along with the amount of surrounding edema in over 85 percent of cases.
		The Gamma Knife was initially conceived by Lars Leksell in Sweden in 1967 for the generation of lesions in functional neurosurgery.
		Since Gamma Knife radiosurgery requires no incisions and is performed under local anesthesia with mild sedation, the risks of infections and adverse reactions to general anesthesia are eliminated.
	www.ynhh.org /gammaknife/infophysician.html (2041 words)

	The Gamma Knife Center
		Thanks to the Gamma Knife, physicians can now treat brain tumors and other brain abnormalities that were once deemed inoperable and/or inaccessible.
		The Gamma Knife procedure is accomplished within a single session, and depending upon the complexity of the treatment plan, the procedure can last anywhere from 30 to 60 minutes.
		The Gamma Knife is the only medical technology solely designed to treat brain tumors and neurological disorders through Stereotactic Radiosurgery.
	www.gammaknifecenter.org /history.html (262 words)

	Gamma Knife New Mexico- Southwest Neurosurgical Associates
		The Gamma Knife is located at Lovelace Medical Center - Downtown, and it has been in operation since September 2003.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a treatment option for patients with many conditions, such as those below.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a treatment option for patients once thought inoperable because of age, medical condition, or location of the abnormality.
	www.swnsa.com /gamma_knife.htm (517 words)

	Gamma Knife, Stereotactic LINAC, and Proton Beam Radiosurgery
		Thus, with Gamma Knife and LINAC radiosurgical doses must be achieved by superimposing a large number of beams on the target while only a small number of beams reach other areas.
		Gamma Knife® and linear accelerators) because it makes use of the quantum wave properites of protons to reduces doses to surrounding tissue beyond the target to a theoretical minimum of zero.
		Coffey RJ, Lunsford LD: Stereotactic gamma radiosurgery for brainstem AVM.
	neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /ProtonBeam/GAMMA-K.HTM (916 words)

	Penn Gamma Knife Center: Frequently Asked Questions
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a precise and powerful treatment for brain disorders.
		Since Gamma Knife radiosurgery is noninvasive, it is not necessary to shave or cut your hair.
		Gamma Knife radiosurgery planning and treatment are performed on the same day.
	www.pennhealth.com /neuro/gammaknife/faq.html (1056 words)

	:Gamma Knife Center:University Hospital
		Knife Model C. With unparalleled precision, the Gamma Knife delivers powerful doses of radiation to inaccessible or inoperable lesions in the brain.
		Surgery with the Gamma Knife is often referred to as "surgery without a scalpel," because it involves no incision, minimal pain and greatly reduced risk for the patient.
		The Gamma Knife is not a knife at all, but a radiosurgery device that enables doctors to treat deep-seated intracranial lesions without the risks of open-skull surgery.
	www.upstate.edu /uh/gamma (234 words)

	From the Cleveland Clinic: Surgical Treatments: Gamma Knife
		Not actually a "knife" at all, the gamma knife is a machine that emits hundreds of powerful, highly focused gamma radiation beams.
		Gamma knife treatment is considered only when a person is not able to get relief from medication and when deep brain stimulation, which is a more effective therapy, is not appropriate.
		Gamma knife treatment has up to a 70%-90% success rate, which depends on the patient and the disorder he or she is being treated for.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/46/1833_50765.htm (498 words)

	Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
		The Gamma Knife is an exciting new technology for the treatment of vascular malformations of the brain.
		Gamma knife treatment of arteriovenous malformations is provided by Dr. Paul P. Huang.
		The Gamma Knife allows noninvasive cerebrovascular surgery to be performed with extreme precision, sparing tissues adjacent to the target.
	www.med.nyu.edu /neurosurgery/subspecialty/gammaknife_1.html (327 words)

	Gamma Knife
		The gamma knife loses its ability to spare surrounding normal tissues as the number of targets increases, is not suitable for large targets (larger than three to four centimeters in size) and is not used for targets outside of the head.
		The gamma knife works by a process called stereotactic radiosurgery, which uses multiple beams of radiation converging in three dimensions to focus precisely on a small volume, such as a tumor, permitting intense doses of radiation to be delivered to that volume safely.
		Using the three-dimensional coordinates determined in the planning process, the frame is then precisely attached to the gamma knife unit to guarantee that when the unit is activated, the target is placed exactly in the center of approximately 200 precision-aimed, converging beams of (Cobalt-60 generated) gamma radiation.
	www.radiologyinfo.org /en/info.cfm?PG=gamma_knife (730 words)

	NWH Gamma Knife Center \| PHYSICIANS \| Outcomes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Hearing loss, which does occur after Gamma Knife treatment, is usually gradual so patients who may have lost hearing the other ear have a chance to learn other communication skills and adjust to their impending hearing loss.
		The Gamma Knife may be used to treat pituitary adenomas either as primary treatment or to treat tumors which are still present after partial surgical removal or which may recur after what had originally appeared to be a surgical cure.
		The Northwest Hospital Gamma Knife Center presented results of a study (in combination with a Los Angles Gamma Knife Center) at the 2002 annual meeting of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons held in Chicago.
	www.nwhgammaknife.com /gamma/phys_outcomes.asp (2050 words)

	Gamma Knife -- Siteman Cancer Center St. Louis Missouri
		The Gamma Knife works by focusing 201 beams of precisely targeted radiation on malignant or benign tumors that cannot be reached through surgery, are multiple in number or are resistant to other forms of radiation therapy.
		Gamma Knife treatment is highly effective for smaller brain lesions and those that are near critical structures in the head, such as the brain stem and cranial nerves.
		Gamma Knife procedures typically are performed on an outpatient basis, significantly reducing hospital stays and costs.
	www.siteman.wustl.edu /internal.aspx?id=1096 (232 words)

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