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Topic: Gamma aminobutyric acid


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In the News (Sun 27 Dec 09)

  
 Gamma-aminobutyric acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter in widely divergent species.
Organisms synthesize GABA from glutamate using the enzyme L-glutamic acid decarboxylase and pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor.
This is thought to be possible because the GABA system is found in the hippocampus, an area of brain which has been implicated in memory formation.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gamma-aminobutyric_acid   (305 words)

  
 module_316_genes.html
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, gamma 2.CAE2; ECA2; GEFSP3.gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, gamma 2 isoform 3.
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, epsilon..gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, epsilon isoform 3.
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 1..gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 1 precursor.
ai.stanford.edu /~erans/cancer/lists/module_316_genes.html   (806 words)

  
 gamma aminobutyric acid - Find, Compare, and Buy at Shopping.com
Details GABA (Gamma Aminobutyric Acid) GABA is an amino acid classified as a neurotransmitter Studies have shown GABA to play a key role in the secretion of growth hormone The principle anabolic actions of growth hormone include the stimulation of......
L-Glutaminecan be converted to glutamic acid, which is both a precursor to the important inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) a...
GABA, an amino acid derivative, is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
www.shopping.com /xGS-gamma_aminobutyric_acid   (970 words)

  
 Gamma_Aminobutyric_Acid.htm
About 1/3 of the amino acids not used are broken down for energy and the rest is broken down by the liver to produce urea.
Individual amino acids should be taken with vitamin B6 and vitamin C to increase the absorption.
This amino acid is formed by glutamic acid in the body.
www.nutritiondynamics.com /encyclopedia/Gamma_Aminobutyric_Acid.htm   (486 words)

  
 EPA: Federal Register: Gamma Aminobutyric Acid; Pesticide Tolerance Exemption
Gamma aminobutyric acid is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance on all food commodities when used as a plant growth enhancer in accordance with good agricultural practices.
180.1188 Gamma aminobutyric acid; exempt from the requirement of a tolerance.
Proposed Use Practices Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) will be incorporated into the end- use product, AuxiGro
www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/1998/January/Day-07/p360.htm   (2461 words)

  
 Aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in human bioptic neocortical areas: comparison to autoptic tissue.
Glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations increased with the age of biopsied patients.
Amino acid concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography in distinct areas of human neocortex of autoptic and bioptic origin.
The differences seen suggest that only amino acid concentrations determined in bioptic tissue may yield a reliable data base for the interpretation of pathological alterations in neocortical biopsies of patients with brain diseases.
www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_9121691.html   (165 words)

  
 EPA: Federal Register: L-Glutamic Acid and Gamma Aminobutyric Acid; Exemptions from the Requirement of a Tolerance
Gamma aminobutyric acid is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance on all food commodities when used in accordance with good agricultural practices.
The petition requested that 40 CFR 180.1187 and 180.1188 be amended by establishing exemptions from the requirement of a tolerance for residues of L-glutamic acid and gamma aminobutyric acid.
L-Glutamic Acid and Gamma Aminobutyric Acid; Exemptions from the Requirement of a Tolerance
www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2001/June/Day-21/p15615.htm   (2337 words)

  
 GABA, gamma aminobutyric acid
GABA is a natural calming and anti-epileptic agent in the brain that is manufactured from the amino acid glutamine and glucose.
Two double-blind studies have demonstrated that GABA is beneficial in the treatment of a variety of brain disorders, including anxiety, manic-depressive syndrome (bipolar disorder), epilepsy and schizophrenia..
www.herbalnurse.com /gaba.html   (112 words)

  
 Diabetes: Oxidative stress affects synaptosomal [gamma]-a... @ HighBeam Research
These effects of oxidative stress on amino acid accumulation may be due to membrane lipoperoxidation, which may impair the GABA transporter, leading to a decrease of GABA accumulation (42), and/or it may increase the release and extracellular accumulation of aspartate and glutamate (38,40).
(14), insulin dose-dependently stimulates synaptosomal amino acid uptake, and 1 [micro]mol/l was the lowest insulin concentration that increased glutamate uptake by cortical synaptosomes, by an effect maintained during 1-20 min of in vitro incubation.
The ascorbate/ [Fe.sup.2+]-induced increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) was similar in Wistar and GK rats and was hot reverted by insulin (1 [micro]mol/l), suggesting that other mechanisms, rather than a direct effect in membrane lipid peroxidation, may mediate insulin neuroprotection.
highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:120259765&refid=ink_tptd_mag   (5022 words)

  
 EPA: Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)and L-Glutamic Acid (030802, 374350) Technical Document
The two active ingredients of AuxiGro, L-Glutamic acid and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) are amino acids naturally present in plants and animals.
L-Glutamatic acid is a major amino acid in most known plant and animal proteins; intake in a 70 kg human is estimated to be 10.4 g/day or 150 mg/kg/day.
Exemptions from the requirement of a tolerances were approved for both GABA and L-Glutamic acid by the Director of the Office of Pesticide Programs on January 7,1998.
www.epa.gov /pesticides/biopesticides/ingredients/tech_docs/tech_030802.htm   (1145 words)

  
 Holistic Health Encyclopedia - G
gamma aminobenzoic acid or gamma aminobutyric acid - A non-essential amino acid which functions as an inhibitory calming neurotransmitter in your brain..
Uric acid is one of the principle toxic by-products of breaking down animal proteinÂ… meat and dairy.
Gout is a form of arthritis that occurs when crystals of uric acid accumulate in a joint, leading to the sudden development of pain and inflammation.
www.findhealer.com /glossary/G.php3   (4778 words)

  
 6815.html
gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, gamma 2 isoform 3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to GABA receptors.
This gene encodes the gamma 2 subunit of GABA(A) receptor.
splicing.rockefeller.edu /images/path/6815.html   (192 words)

  
 Effects of Applying Gamma-Aminobutyric AcidB Drugs into the Medial Basal Hypothalamus on Basal Luteinizing Hormone Concentrations and on Luteinizing Hormone Surges in the Female Sheep -- Jackson and Kuehl 70 (2): 334 -- Biology of Reproduction
Changes in the release of gamma-amino butyric acid and catecholamines in the preoptic septal area prior to or during the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone in the ewe.
-aminobutyric acid subtypes in the arcuate-ventromedial region of the castrated ram.
-aminobutyric acid may be involved in seasonal changes in the negative feedback effects of estrogen on gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion levels in the ewe.
www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/70/2/334   (4454 words)

  
 BRAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Glycine is the simplest of amino acids, consisting of an amino group and a carboxyl (acidic) group attached to a carbon atom.
Both aspartic acid and glutamic acid (the two amino acids having 2 carboxyl groups -- the "acidic amino acids") have the capacity for destroying neurons when released in excessive amounts (although calcium seems to be more of a cause than acidity).
These amino acids all compete for the transporter, so a large quantity of one of the other amino acids in the blood stream could greatly limit the amount of tyrosine entering the brain.
www.benbest.com /science/anatmind/anatmd10.html   (6622 words)

  
 Rdl - Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor beta subunit precursor
Antibodies against the Drosophila gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit RDL were used to investigate the significance of inhibitory inputs to the mushroom bodies in the blowfly (Calliphora erythrocephala) brain.
The global association of a single amino acid replacement with cyclodiene resistance suggests that the resistance phenotype depends on changes in both of these properties, and that insecticides have selected residue 302 of Rdl for replacement because of its unique ability to influence both of these functions.
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based homology probing strategy was employed to screen Drosophila melanogaster genomic DNA for sequences encoding a conserved amino acid 'signature motif' known to be present in vertebrate GABA receptor and glycine receptor subunit genes.
www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gi/64441.html   (1529 words)

  
 AST GABA
Role of hypothalamic factors (growth-hormone-releasing hormone and gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the regulation of growth hormone secretion in the neonatal and adult rat.
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a modulator of anterior pituitary hormone secretion by hypothalamic and pituitary action.
Growth hormone release by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB) in the rat.
www.discountnutritiondirect.com /products/ast/ast_gaba.htm   (1049 words)

  
 Human protein: Q16445 - Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor alpha-6 subunit precursor (GABA(A) receptor). EMBL Bioinformatic Harvester
Upstream genomic sequence for Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 6
Cloning of cDNAs encoding the human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha 6 subunit and characterization of the pharmacology of alpha 6-containing receptors.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 6 (GABRA6)
harvester.embl.de /harvester/Q164/Q16445.htm   (837 words)

  
 Diagnose-Me: Treatment: GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
An amino acid derivative that is a calming substance.
Eight of the twenty-two known amino acids are considered "essential," and must be obtained from dietary sources because the body can not synthesize them.
An organic acid containing nitrogen chemical building blocks that aid in the production of protein in the body.
www.diagnose-me.com /treat/T15891.html   (316 words)

  
 Bodybuilding.com - Ultimate Nutrition GABA - Powerful Amino Acid! On sale now!
Gamma-aminobutyric acid, abbreviated as GABA, is an amino acid that is produced in the brain.
It is formed by glutamic acid in the body with the help of vitamin B6, and prevents nerve cells from firing too much and, thus, having a claming effect.
In the body, GABA is found in large amounts in the hypothalamus suggesting that this amino acid plays a crucial role in the hypothalamic-pituitary function.
www.bodybuilding.com /store/un/gaba.html   (810 words)

  
 Development of a Stable-Isotope Dilution Assay for {{gamma}}-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Transaminase in Isolated Leukocytes and Evidence That GABA and {beta}-Alanine Transaminases Are Identical -- Schor et al. 47 (3): 525 -- Clinical Chemistry
Development of a Stable-Isotope Dilution Assay for {{gamma}}-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Transaminase in Isolated Leukocytes and Evidence That GABA and {beta}-Alanine Transaminases Are Identical -- Schor et al.
-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Transaminase in Isolated Leukocytes and Evidence That GABA and ß-Alanine Transaminases Are Identical
of the unlabeled glutamic acid (8.44%) and interferes with the
www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/47/3/525   (2456 words)

  
 Gamma-aminobutyric acid -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a (Transmits nerve impulses across a synapse) neurotransmitter in widely (Click link for more info and facts about divergent) divergent ((biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed) species.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
So far three general classes of GABA receptor are known, more than one of which is often represented in the same (A living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently) organisms.
www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/G/Ga/Gamma-aminobutyric_acid.htm   (319 words)

  
 GABRE Backpage
Definition: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, epsilon isoform 1 precursor [Homo sapiens].
Definition: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, epsilon isoform 2 [Homo sapiens].
Definition: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, epsilon isoform 3 [Homo sapiens].
genmapp.org /HTML_MAPPs/Human/Biological_process/synaptic_transmission/_Support/GABRE_GAE_HUMAN.htm   (78 words)

  
 PDZ-mediated interactions retain the epithelial GABA transporter on the basolateral surface of polarized epithelial cells -- Perego et al. 18 (9): 2384 -- The EMBO Journal
-aminobutyric acid and betaine transporters, in polarized epithelial cells.
The dashed lines indicate the amino acids contained in the BGT synthetic peptides used in the interaction assays; the cysteine extra sequence added at the N-terminus of the 17mer and the mutagenized residues in the 19mer are also indicated.
acids of BGT conjugated to Sepharose beads and a bacterial lysate
embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/18/9/2384   (6703 words)

  
 Subcellular redistribution of the renal betaine transporter during hypertonic stress -- Kempson et al. 285 (5): C1091 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
Induction of betaine-g-aminobutyric acid transport activity in porcine chondrocytes exposed to hypertonicity.
Nipecotic acid, a cyclic analog of GABA, and
Second messengers, trafficking-related proteins, and amino acid residues that contribute to the functional regulation of the rat brain GABA transporter GAT1.
ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/285/5/C1091   (5431 words)

  
 ClC-2 Cl{-} channels in human lung epithelia: activation by arachidonic acid, amidation, and acid-activated omeprazole -- Cuppoletti et al. 281 (1): C46 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
Maintenance of recombinant type A gamma- aminobutyric acid receptor function: role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and calcineurin.
Effect of arachidonic acid, amidation, and acid-activated omeprazole on Cl currents of human normal and cystic fibrosis buccal cells.
acid and covalent modification by amidation and acid-activated
ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/C46   (5043 words)

  
 Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Regulates GABA-Activated Cl- Current in Cockroach Dorsal Unpaired Median Neurons -- Alix et al. 87 (6): 2972 -- Journal of Neurophysiology
-aminobutyric acid and inhibitory synaptic responses of rat neurons in vitro.
-aminobutyric acid receptors on cultured cockroach brain neurons.
-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits in the head ganglia of Periplaneta americana using an anti-RDL C-terminal antibody.
jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/6/2972   (5581 words)

  
 Electrophysiological effects of GABA on cat pancreatic neurons -- Sha et al. 280 (3): 324 -- AJP - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Gamma-aminobutyric acid in peripheral tissue, with emphasis on the endocrine pancreas: presence in two species and reduction by streptozotocin.
The action of gamma aminobutyric acid and related amino acids on mammalian autonomic ganglia.
Actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid on sympathetic ganglion cells.
ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/3/G324   (4380 words)

  
 HealthScout-Consumer Health News, Information and Resources Updated Daily-Neurology-Gene Mix May Contribute to Autism
The Duke University Medical Center team's findings point to GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) receptor genes, which code for the key components of the "off" switches in the brain's neurons.
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Complex gene interactions may account for autism risk, according to the results of a study that found that a brain mechanism that normally halts or slows nerve impulses contributes to the disease.
www.healthscout.com /news/1/527174/main.html   (287 words)

  
 Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Inhibition of Recombinant gamma -Aminobutyric Acid Type A (GABAA) Receptors: Mechanism and Site of Action -- Huang et al. 298 (3): 986 -- Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics
-aminobutyric acid type C receptor subunit in rat retina with a methionine residue critical for picrotoxinin channel block.
-aminobutyric acid in dissociated sympathetic neurones of the rat (Abstract).
Zhang HG, ffrench-Constant R and Jackson MB (1994) A unique amino acid of the Drosophila GABA receptor with influence on drug sensitivity by two mechanisms.
jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/298/3/986   (5262 words)

  
 International Union of Pharmacology. XV. Subtypes of gamma -Aminobutyric AcidA Receptors: Classification on the Basis of Subunit Structure and Receptor Function -- Barnard et al. 50 (2): 291 -- Pharmacological Reviews
Subtypes of gamma -Aminobutyric AcidA Receptors: Classification on the Basis of Subunit Structure and Receptor Function -- Barnard et al.
Amino acid sequences were retrieved from the SWISS-PROT or NCBI databases.
The sum of the horizontal branch lengths connecting any two sequences represents the fractional divergence in their amino acid sequence, the scale bar corresponding to 10% sequence divergence.
pharmrev.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/50/2/291   (5458 words)

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